Factors Influencing Long-Term Outcomes in Childhood Arterial Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Childhood arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) is associated with substantial long-term morbidity. This study aims to describe factors associated with recurrence, mortality, and neurological disability.

Methods: Australian children with radiologically confirmed AIS were enrolled prospectively to the Royal Children's Hospital stroke registry from 2003 to 2017.

Response of levetiracetam in neonatal seizures.

Aim: To review the clinical response to levetiracetam (LEV) in neonatal seizure management in intensive care unit.

Methods: Medical records of neonates who received LEV from January 2009 to August 2014 were reviewed. Their demographic data, clinical characteristics, etiology, seizures, electroencephalograms, response to treatment and outcome were noted.

Early consideration of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in unexplained encephalopathy.

With the identification of anti-NMDAR (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor) antibody, the spectrum of anti-NMDAR encephalitis has been expanding. The condition is also increasingly recognised in children, though younger patients are less likely to have tumours, while behavioural and speech problems, seizures, and abnormal movements are common early presenting features. Here we present yet another case with subtle, non-specific clinical symptoms that responded promptly to intravenous immunoglobulin.