Assessment of cardiopulmonary risk in COPD patients: Expert opinion formalized using the Delphi method.

Background: Cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities are frequent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), increasing individual morbidity and mortality. This observation has given rise to the concept of cardiopulmonary risk. However, assessment and management of CV risk in COPD patients is highly variable in practice.

Endobronchial valve (EBV) insertion for severe emphysema does not improve skeletal muscle mass or function: A pilot study on 19 patients.

Endobronchial valve (EBV) insertion for severe emphysema allows to reduce hyperinflation and alleviates respiratory symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, few studies investigate its effect on extra-pulmonary manifestations. We sought to assess the effect of EBV insertion on skeletal muscle mass and function, as well as determine if skeletal muscle parameters could represent a prognostic factor for response to EBV insertion.

Understanding and manipulating morphogenetic processes to generate in vitro models of airways.

Branching morphogenesis, the process by which cells and tissues organize into complex branched tubular structures, is fundamental to the development of functional organs, including the respiratory airways in mammalian lungs. Advances in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving morphogenetic processes have enabled the development of sophisticated in vitro models that mimic the structure and function of airways. This review recapitulates developmental principles guiding airway morphogenesis, including the key signaling pathways, cellular interactions, and the different biochemical and mechanical cues.

COPD patients with non-small cell lung cancer respond better to anti-PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibitors.

In studies evaluating the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death 1/ligand 1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-(L)1) among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), smokers tend to have better clinical outcomes than non-smokers. However, it is unclear whether NSCLC patients with co-existing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have better clinical outcomes than patients without COPD, regardless of smoking history. The potential correlation of COPD with an improved response to anti-PD-(L)1 was examined in a large cohort of patients with available pulmonary function test results.

Severe Haemoptysis due to Pulmonary Artery Agenesis, About Two Rare but Threatening Case Reports.

Unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis (UPAA) is a rare condition that may be asymptomatic or present with recurrent infections and haemoptysis. A 17-year-old patient with severe haemoptysis who was diagnosed with right pulmonary artery agenesis, associated with hypertrophy of the homolateral bronchial arteries and numerous systemic collaterals. Despite three embolisation procedures, a high-risk of recurrence required pneumonectomy.

Access to respiratory rehabilitation in France: Opinions of pulmonologists and people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Despite its well-known benefits, respiratory rehabilitation (RR) remains underutilized among people with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) due to both patient- and physician-related barriers. This qualitative study (October 2023-March 2024) used two questionnaires: one for people with COPD to assess disease severity and access challenges, and another for pulmonologists to identify prescription obstacles. Distributed via associations and mailing lists, the survey reached 3,000 people with COPD and 500 pulmonologists, revealing shared concerns about facility shortages, poor information, and transportation issues.

CXCR4 Blockade Alleviates Pulmonary and Cardiac Outcomes in Early COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent respiratory disease lacking effective treatment. Focusing on early COPD should help to discover disease modifying therapies. We examined the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in early COPD using human samples and murine models.

Risk of Cardiovascular Events According to the Severity of an Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Aims: Risk estimation of different types of cardiovascular events (CVE) following a hospitalisation for exacerbated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (exCOPD) is warranted to consider prevention.

Methods: A case-crossover study was conducted using the French exhaustive hospital discharge database (2013-2019). Case-patients had a diagnosis of COPD, hospitalised for a CVE in France in 2018-2019 (admission date was index date) with no other CVE in ≤12 months, and had ≥1 hospitalisation for exCOPD ≤24 weeks before index CVE.

Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) in asthma: What is the best strategy?

The use of long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) in asthma is supported by their mechanism of action and evidence of drug synergy with inhaled corticosteroids ± long-acting β-agonists. This review discusses the scientific rationale, clinical data, and recommendations for the use of LAMA in the asthma therapeutic strategy. Adding a LAMA to a dual therapy with an inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting β-agonist has been shown to reduce exacerbations, increase asthma control, and improve quality of life, with a good safety profile.

Twelve barriers to COPD diagnosis in France: a comparative qualitative study.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common treatable disease often diagnosed in patients with risk factors after a prolonged period with suggestive symptoms. Our qualitative study aimed to identify barriers to establishing diagnosis in the natural history of this condition.

Methods: An inductive thematic analysis was performed on structured interviews with patients, general practitioners (GPs) and pulmonologists in France.

What is the true target population for biologics in real-life COPD or asthma-COPD overlap patients?

Introduction: Biologics provide significant benefits in asthma, reducing exacerbations and symptoms. Some biologics have shown promising results in small subgroups of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and frequent exacerbations. Nevertheless, real-life data on the size of the COPD target population remain scarce.

Resolution of immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced inflammatory arthritis while maintaining active treatment with checkpoint inhibitors and after its discontinuation: An observational study.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced inflammatory arthritis (ICI-IA) affects about 5% of ICI recipients. We aimed (1) to characterize the resolution of ICI-IA during ICI treatment and after ICI discontinuation and (2) to assess how ICI-IA influences ICI management across time.

Methods: All ICI-treated patients referred to rheumatology at Bordeaux University Hospital were identified and patients with ICI-IA with a follow-up of≥6months after ICI-IA onset were included.

A novel tubular model to recapitulate features of distal airways: the bronchioid.

Background: Airflow limitation is the hallmark of obstructive pulmonary diseases, with the distal airways representing a major site of obstruction. Although numerous models of bronchi already exist, there is currently no culture system for obstructive diseases that reproduces the architecture and function of small airways. Here, we aimed to engineer a model of distal airways to overcome the limitations of current culture systems.

Safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge after severe immune-related adverse events: a retrospective analysis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) present clinicians with the challenge of managing immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which can range from mild to severe due to immune system activation . While guidelines recommend discontinuing ICIs for grade 3 partial and all grade 4 irAEs, there is growing interest in rechallenging patients based on oncological outcomes, particularly for cardiovascular and neurological irAEs where data remains scarce . We retrospectively evaluated the safety of ICI rechallenge following grade 3-4 irAEs, specifically focusing on cardiovascular and neurological events, in patients discussed at our multidisciplinary immunotoxicity assessment board between 2019 and 2021.

Insufficient Pulmonary Rehabilitation Uptake After Severe Exacerbation of COPD: A Multicentre Study in the South West Region of France.

Purpose: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a type of multidisciplinary care strongly recommended after severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recently, a national French study reported a very low rate of PR uptake (8.6%); however, important clinical data were missing.

Prospective cardiovascular events in patients with advanced thoracic cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor.

Introduction: Myocarditis is the most lethal cardiovascular immune related adverse events with a low incidence, depending on the studies. We prospectively studied the potential interest of a systematic screening to early detect immune related myocarditis and confirm the incidence of immune-induced myocarditis in advanced lung cancer and the impact of troponin systematic screening in early detection of other major cardiovascular events (MACE).

Material And Methods: This prospective bicentric study includes adults who received at least one dose of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for advanced lung cancer.

Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in patients with COPD from 3 French cohorts: Insufficient coverage and associated factors.

Background: Low vaccination rates against influenza and Streptococcus (S.) pneumoniae infections in COPD could impair outcomes. Understanding underlying factors could help improving implementation.

Prevalence and disparities in influenza vaccination among patients with COPD: A French nationwide population study.

Introduction: Despite concordant international recommendations, many surveys found disappointing rates of influenza vaccination in at-risk populations, ranging from 23% in overall COPD population to more than 70% in more severe COPD subjects. Therefore, we assessed the proportion of French COPD patients non-vaccinated for influenza and their clinical and socio-demographic factors.

Materiel And Methods: This was a national retrospective study based on the French health insurance database.

[Medication management of COPD].

MEDICATION MANAGEMENT OF COPD. The management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is based on drug and non-drug measures. Inhaled therapies are the major issues including the use of short-acting bronchodilators for respiratory symptoms.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge in patients who previously experienced immune-related inflammatory arthritis: a multicentre observational study.

Objective: Another course of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is often considered in patients with cancer progression and previous immune-related adverse events, including inflammatory arthritis (ICI-IA), but there are limited data regarding safety of ICI rechallenge in this setting. We aimed to assess the rate and clinical features associated with ICI-IA flare/recurrence on ICI rechallenge.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre observational study including cancer patients with ICI-IA who started a second course of ICI more than 3 months after ICI discontinuation in four French university hospitals.

Impact of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.

Purpose: This review aimed to summarise evidence about the impact of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on survival in COPD patients.

Methods: We performed a narrative literature review on the effect of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on survival in COPD patients.

Results: Inhaled therapies are central to reduce symptoms in COPD.

The Non-Paced 3-Minute Sit-to-Stand Test: Feasibility and Clinical Relevance for Pulmonary Rehabilitation Assessment.

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), notably by increasing exercise tolerance. Easy-to-implement sit-to-stand tests can facilitate the assessment of exercise tolerance in routine practice. This retrospective study conducted in a real-life setting was designed to describe the non-paced 3-min sit-to-stand test (3-STST) and to evaluate its relationship with HRQoL (VQ11 questionnaire) to identify the determinants of 3-STST performance and to analyze the evolution of 3-STST performance and HRQoL over the course of a community-based PR program.