Robust dehydrofluorination of HFC-245fa to HFO-1234ze VOFx formation over a non-oxalic acid assisted VO/γ-AlO catalyst.

The demand for trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene [HFO-1234ze(E)] as a next-generation, low-global-warming-potential (GWP) refrigerant is rising due to international restrictions on high-GWP refrigerants like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Catalytic dehydrofluorination of HFC-245fa offers a viable synthesis route for the production of HFO-1234ze(E), but the catalyst degradation under harsh acidic conditions remains a major challenge. In this study, a highly stable γ-AlO supported catalyst was developed for efficient dehydrofluorination with vanadium species exhibiting the highest activity among the screened metal ions Ni, V, Zn, La, Fe, Mn and Cu.

ROS Regulation and Antioxidant Responses in Plants Under Air Pollution: Molecular Signaling, Metabolic Adaptation, and Biotechnological Solutions.

Air pollution acts as a pervasive oxidative stressor, disrupting global crop production and ecosystem health through the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hazardous pollutants impair critical physiological processes-photosynthesis, respiration, and nutrient uptake-triggering oxidative damage and yield losses. This review synthesizes current knowledge on plant defense mechanisms, emphasizing the integration of enzymatic (SOD, POD, CAT, APX, GPX, GR) and non-enzymatic (polyphenols, glutathione, ascorbate, phytochelatins) antioxidant systems to scavenge ROS and maintain redox homeostasis.

First-generation N-terminal domain supersite public antibodies retain activity against Omicron-derived lineages and protect mice against Omicron BA.5 challenge.

Unlabelled: Monoclonal antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 can offer prophylactic and therapeutic protection against severe disease, with particular utility for immunosuppressed and vulnerable populations. With the constant emergence of new variants, understanding the neutralizing potency of monoclonal antibodies to dynamic spike protein epitopes is crucial. We show that a set of VH1-24-derived N-terminal domain (NTD)-directed antibodies, isolated from a convalescent donor early in the pandemic, displayed remarkable neutralization resilience against many Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants, including BA.

Cardiovascular Manifestations and Outcomes in Patients with Scrub Typhus Admitted to a Tertiary Care Center in the Coastal Karnataka Region in India.

: Scrub typhus is a mite-borne infectious disease caused by "", a bacterium that was formerly classified under the genus Rickettsia. It is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected chigger mites (larval trombiculid mites). However, clinical data on the cardiac manifestations of scrub typhus and their outcomes remain limited.