Optimising parent selection in plant breeding: comparing metaheuristic algorithms for genotype building.

Stacking desirable haplotypes across the genome to develop superior genotypes has been implemented in several crop species. A major challenge in Optimal Haplotype Selection is identifying a set of parents that collectively contain all desirable haplotypes, a complex combinatorial problem with countless possibilities. In this study, we evaluated the performance of metaheuristic search algorithms (MSAs)-genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE), particle swarm optimisation (PSO), and simulated annealing (SA) for optimising parent selection under two genotype building (GB) objectives: Optimal Haplotype Selection (OHS) and Optimal Population Value (OPV).

Applying the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to understand college health administrator perceptions on adopting and implementing opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs among universities nationally.

The United States opioid epidemic's reach is expanding. Rapidly scaling opioid education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs is essential within a multipronged public health response. Universities offer infrastructure with potential to support routine, widespread OEND implementation among adolescents and young adults nationally, a priority population who could disseminate to broader networks and geographic communities.

Surveillance for adverse events following use of live attenuated chikungunya vaccine, United States, 2024, and the associated public health response in 2024 and 2025.

A live attenuated chikungunya vaccine (IXCHIQ) received licensure in the United States (US) for ≥ 18-year-olds in November 2023. Post-licensure safety surveillance identified 28 adverse events in 2024 among US persons, including six neurological or cardiac serious adverse events (SAEs) in males ≥ 65 years. In early 2025, providers were alerted, a precaution for older persons was issued and vaccine guidance was updated.

A conceptual framework for human-AI collaborative genome annotation.

Genome annotation is essential for understanding the functional elements within genomes. While automated methods are indispensable for processing large-scale genomic data, they often face challenges in accurately predicting gene structures and functions. Consequently, manual curation by domain experts remains crucial for validating and refining these predictions.

Training Internal Medicine Residents to Perform Telemedicine Visits: A Novel Skill-Based Curriculum.

Introduction: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, internal medicine (IM) residents have provided patient care via telemedicine in their continuity clinics but often without formal training in telemedicine skills. To address this education gap, we developed a two-part curriculum to improve IM residents' self-perceived competence with outpatient telemedicine skills.

Methods: From May to August 2020, IM residents participated in a 45-minute interactive case-based, small-group discussion focused on patient triage, virtual physical examination, and telemedicine communication skills.