Do associations of neighbourhood attributes with cognitive function vary by socio-economic status? A 12-year follow-up study of older Australians.

Socio-economic status (SES), neighbourhood environments and their interactions can influence cognitive health in late life. Studies on this topic have examined a limited number of SES and environmental indicators and are mostly cross-sectional. We analysed data from 1160 individuals aged 60-64 years at baseline, with four assessments of cognitive functions across 12 years.

The mortality burden attributable to PM and NO from all sources and traffic-related air pollution in Australia.

Background: Fine particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO) are associated with multiple health risks, including death. In Australia, the mortality burden attributable to PM has been estimated, but there are no published estimates for NO or the combined impacts of both pollutants.

Objectives: To estimate the mortality burden attributable to PM and NO from all anthropogenic sources and traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) in Australia.

Neighborhood environments and transition to cognitive states: Sydney Memory and Ageing Study.

Introduction: Features of the neighborhood environment and ambient air pollution have been associated with onset and progression of neurocognitive disorders, but data from longitudinal population-based studies are limited.

Methods: One thousand thirty-six participants (78.3 ± 4.

Association between residential greenspace and anaemia prevalence among Indian women of reproductive age.

Background: Anaemia, characterised by low haemoglobin (Hb) levels, is a serious health issue for women of reproductive age (WRA). A few studies, with inconclusive evidence, suggest that increasing residential greenspace may help reduce the anaemia burden. However, the relationship between greenspace and anaemia and the influence of greenspace on the association between anaemia and air pollution remains underexplored, particularly in countries like India, where health data is limited.

Geographic variability of interstitial lung disease diagnoses and impact of air pollution on disease outcomes.

Background And Objective: Anecdotal reports suggest interstitial lung disease (ILD) phenotypes vary regionally. We aimed to assess geographic variability of ILD diagnoses and impact of air quality on disease outcomes across the state of New South Wales, Australia.

Methods: Consecutive patients referred to an ILD multidisciplinary meeting, receiving referrals from across NSW (Feb 2014-Feb 2017), were included.

Estimating the burden of temperature-related low birthweight attributable to anthropogenic climate change in low-income and middle-income countries: a retrospective, multicentre, epidemiological study.

Background: Pregnant individuals are particularly susceptible to non-optimal temperatures due to their physiological status. Moreover, pregnancy is a crucial period for programming fetal health. Quantifying the impact of non-optimal temperature exposure and the contribution of anthropogenic climate change is crucial for mitigating and adapting to climate-related health risks.

Hematological, cardiovascular and oxidative DNA damage markers associated with heavy metal exposure in electronic waste (e-waste) workers of Bangladesh.

Electronic waste (e-waste) contains hazardous elements such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and other toxic elements that pose significant health risks to the population directly exposed. We recruited 199 e-waste recycling workers and 104 non-exposed workers in Bangladesh and analyzed heavy metals in blood and hair, as well as hematological and cardiovascular parameters including, blood lipids and blood pressure. We fitted quantile regression models at 0.

Air pollution is associated with persistent peanut allergy in the first 10 years.

Background: The role of air pollution in eczema and food allergy development remains understudied.

Objective: We aimed to assess whether exposure to air pollution is associated with eczema and food allergies in the first 10 years of life.

Methods: HealthNuts recruited a population-based sample of 1-year-old infants who were followed up at ages 4, 6, and 10 years.

Neighbourhood environments and cognitive health in the longitudinal Personality and Total Health (PATH) through life study: A 12-year follow-up of older Australians.

Background: Urban neighbourhood environments may impact older adults' cognitive health. However, longitudinal studies examining key environmental correlates of cognitive health are lacking. We estimated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of neighbourhood built and natural environments and ambient air pollution with multiple cognitive health outcomes in Australian urban dwellers aged 60+ years.

Association of Maternal Air Pollution Exposure and Infant Lung Function Is Modified by Genetic Propensity to Oxidative Stress.

Background And Objective: The association between air pollution and poor respiratory health outcomes is well established. Children are particularly at risk from air pollution, especially during the prenatal period as their organs and systems are still undergoing crucial development. This study investigated maternal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and infant lung function at 4 weeks of age.

Hormonal, liver, and renal function associated with electronic waste (e-waste) exposure in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Electronic waste (e-waste) contains numerous metals and organic pollutants that have detrimental impacts on human health. We studied 199 e-waste recycling workers and 104 non-exposed workers; analyzed blood, urine, and hair samples to measure heavy metals, hormonal, liver, and renal function. We used quantile regression models to evaluate the impact of Pb, Cd, and Hg on hormonal, liver and renal function, and the role of DNA oxidative damage in mediating the relationship between exposures and outcomes.

Greenspace and human microbiota: A systematic review.

Background: Potential effect of greenspace exposure on human microbiota have been explored by a number of observational and interventional studies, but the results remained mixed. We comprehensively synthesized these studies by performing a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Methods: Comprehensive literature searches in three international databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) and three Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and China Biology Medicine disc) were conducted from inception to November 1, 2023.

Estimates of global mortality burden associated with short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM).

Background: The acute health effects of short-term (hours to days) exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) have been well documented; however, the global mortality burden attributable to this exposure has not been estimated. We aimed to estimate the global, regional, and urban mortality burden associated with short-term exposure to PM and the spatiotemporal variations in this burden from 2000 to 2019.

Methods: We combined estimated global daily PM concentrations, annual population counts, country-level mortality rates, and epidemiologically derived exposure-response functions to estimate the mortality attributable to short-term PM exposure from 2000 to 2019, in the continental regions and in 13 189 urban centres worldwide at a spatial resolution of 0·1° × 0·1°.

The role of lifestyle in the association between long-term ambient air pollution exposure and cardiovascular disease: a national cohort study in China.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) caused by air pollution poses a considerable burden on public health. We aim to examine whether lifestyle factors mediate the associations of air pollutant exposure with the risk of CVD and the extent of the interaction between lifestyles and air pollutant exposure regarding CVD outcomes.

Methods: We included 7000 participants in 2011-2012 and followed up until 2018.

Blood lead, cadmium and hair mercury concentrations and association with soil, dust and occupational factors in e-waste recycling workers in Bangladesh.

Background: Electronic waste (e-waste) recycling activities release toxic metals, which pose substantial hazard to the environment and human health. We evaluated metal concentrations in biological and environmental samples, and examined the associations between biological lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) with soil and dust metals, and other possible determinants, among populations exposed and non-exposed to e-waste in Bangladesh.

Methods: A total of 199 e-waste workers and 104 non-exposed individuals were recruited.

Outdoor artificial light at night and incident cardiovascular disease in adults: A national cohort study across China.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) become a major public health concern. Evidence concerning the effects of outdoor artificial light at night (ALAN) on CVD in adults is scarce. We aimed to investigate the extent to which outdoor ALAN could affect the risk of CVD over a exposure range.

The impact of air pollution on interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: There is a growing body of evidence suggesting a causal relationship between interstitial lung disease (ILD) and air pollution, both for the development of the disease, and driving disease progression. We aim to provide a comprehensive literature review of the association between air pollution, and ILD, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Methods: We systematically searched from six online database.

Association of antenatal and early childhood air pollution and greenspace exposures with respiratory pathogen upper airway acquisitions and respiratory health outcomes.

The association of air pollution and greenspace with respiratory pathogen acquisition and respiratory health was investigated in a community-based birth-cohort of 158 Australian children. Weekly nasal swabs and daily symptom-diaries were collected for 2-years, with annual reviews from ages 3-7-years. Annual exposure to fine-particulate-matter (PM), nitrogen-dioxide (NO), and normalised-difference-vegetation-index (NDVI) was estimated for pregnancy and the first 2-years-of-life.

Exposure to air pollution concentrations of various intensities in early life and allergic sensitisation later in childhood.

Background: Evidence on the relationship between air pollution and allergic sensitisation in childhood is inconsistent, and this relationship has not been investigated in the context of smoke events that are predicted to increase with climate change. Thus, we aimed to evaluate associations between exposure in two early life periods to severe levels of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm (PM) from a mine fire, background PM, and allergic sensitisation later in childhood.

Exploring associations of greenery, air pollution and walkability with cardiometabolic health in people at midlife and beyond.

Aim: To examine associations of neighborhood greenery, air pollution and walkability with cardiometabolic disease in adults aged ≥45 years in the Frankston-Mornington Peninsula region, Victoria, Australia.

Methods: A cross-sectional, ecological study design was used. We assessed mean annual neighborhood greenery using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; air pollution (fine particulate matter of diameter ≤2.

Using individual approach to examine the association between urban heat island and preterm birth: A nationwide cohort study in China.

Background: Evidence suggests that maternal exposure to heat might increase the risk of preterm birth (PTB), but no study has investigated the effect from urban heat island (UHI) at individual level.

Aims: Our study aimed to investigate the association between individual UHI exposure and PTB.

Methods: We utilized data from the ongoing China Birth Cohort Study (CBCS), encompassing 103,040 birth records up to December 2020.

Global, regional, and national burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to ambient PM from 1990 to 2019: An analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019.

Information on the spatio-temporal patterns of the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) caused by ambient ambient fine particulate matter (PM) in the global level is needed to prioritize the control of ambient air pollution and prevent the burden of IHD. The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 provides data on IHD attributable to ambient PM. The IHD burden and mortality attributable to ambient PM were analyzed by year, age, gender, socio-demographic index (SDI) level, geographical region and country.

Contrasting Health Outcomes following a Severe Smoke Episode and Ambient Air Pollution in Early Life: Findings from an Australian Data Linkage Cohort Study of Hospital Utilization.

Background: Episodic spikes in air pollution due to landscape fires are increasing, and their potential for longer term health impacts is uncertain.

Objective: Our objective is to evaluate associations between exposure and in infancy to severe pollution from a mine fire, background ambient air pollution, and subsequent hospital care.

Methods: We linked health records of births, emergency department (ED) visits, and hospitalizations of children born in the Latrobe Valley, Australia, 2012-2015, which included a severe pollution episode from a mine fire (9 February 2014 to 25 March 2014).

Addressing Biases in Ambient PM Exposure and Associated Health Burden Estimates by Filling Satellite AOD Retrieval Gaps over India.

Ambient PM exposure statistics in countries with limited ground monitors are derived from satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) products that have spatial gaps. Here, we quantified the biases in PM exposure and associated health burden in India due to the sampling gaps in AOD retrieved by a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. We filled the sampling gaps and derived PM in recent years (2017-2022) over India, which showed fivefold cross-validation of 0.