The conceptualisation and measurement of social frailty in older people: an umbrella review.

Background: The social domain of frailty is often poorly defined or missing from measures of frailty. The literature is still inconclusive on the nature and scope of social frailty, although studies indicate that it has a substantial impact on disability and mortality outcomes.

Aims: This Umbrella Review aimed to synthesise concepts and measures of social frailty.

End-of-life dementia care: a qualitative study of the experiences and perceptions of minority ethnic and economically disadvantaged groups.

Background: Dementia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality amongst ageing populations. However, palliative care is often poor or non-existent. People from minority ethnic and economically disadvantaged communities are especially likely to miss out.

Estimating the effect of frailty on longer-term survival following emergency laparotomy: an observational study using National Emergency Laparotomy Audit data.

Introduction: Approximately 30,000 emergency laparotomies are performed each year across the UK. Over half are in patients aged ≥ 65 y, with a third of this group living with frailty. The association between frailty and 90-day mortality following surgery is well documented, but the longer-term mortality risk has been studied less extensively, despite clear implications for person-centred care.

DECIDE (Diverse experiences of End-of-Life Care for Dementia) establishing consensus and capacity for future research through collaboration and co-production.

Background: Dementia is a leading cause of death globally. However, end-of-life care is often poor or non-existent. People with dementia from ethnic minorities or socioeconomically deprived communities are even less likely to receive good palliative care.

'That's how we got around it': a qualitative exploration of healthcare professionals' experiences of care provision for asylum applicants' with limited English proficiency in UK contingency accommodation.

Objectives: The inadequate provision of language interpretation for people with limited English proficiency (LEP) is a determinant of poor health, yet interpreters are underused. This research explores the experiences of National Health Service (NHS) staff providing primary care for people seeking asylum, housed in contingency accommodation during COVID-19. This group often have LEP and face multiple additional barriers to healthcare access.

Unrepresented, unheard and discriminated against: A qualitative exploration of relatives' and professionals' views of palliative care experiences of people of African and Caribbean descent during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: People of African and Caribbean descent experienced disproportionately high mortality from COVID-19 and have poor access to palliative care.

Aim: To explore palliative care experiences of people of African and Caribbean descent during and immediately prior to the pandemic.

Design: Qualitative interview study with thematic analysis.

'That's as hard a decision as you will ever have to make': the experiences of people who discussed Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on behalf of a relative during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: COVID-19 brought additional challenges to Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DNACPR) decision-making, which was already a contentious issue. In the UK, reports of poor DNACPR decision-making and communication emerged in 2020, including from the regulator, the Care Quality Commission. This paper explores the experiences of people who discussed DNACPR with a healthcare professional on behalf of a relative during the coronavirus pandemic, with the aim of identifying areas of good practice and what needs to be improved.

In critique of moral resilience: UK healthcare professionals' experiences working with asylum applicants housed in contingency accommodation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This research explores the experiences of UK NHS healthcare professionals working with asylum applicants housed in contingency accommodation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a critical understanding of the concept of moral resilience as a theoretical framework, we explore how the difficult circumstances in which they worked were navigated, and the extent to which moral suffering led to moral transformation. Ten staff from a general practice participated in semistructured interviews.

The value of qualitative data in Quality Improvement Projects in the care of older adults: the case of frailty scores in the emergency department.

This commentary discusses the role and value of qualitative data when undertaking quality improvement (QI) focussing on the care of older adults. To illustrate this, we reflect on our own experiences of planning a QI project to improve the documentation of Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) scores in the emergency department (ED) during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. National clinical guidance for COVID-19 states that all adults over the age of 65 should be given a CFS at the first point of contact during hospital admission.

Health and hostile hospitality: Understanding asylum applicants' narratives of life and health in the UK.

This paper explores how middle aged and older asylum applicants in the UK speak about health in relation to migratory experiences. It proposes biocredibility as a novel theoretical concept, through which the narratives of those migrating to the UK to seek asylum can be analysed. The UK government's hostile environments policies, which aim to make life uncomfortable for irregular migrants in the UK in order to drive down migration, have been criticised on legal, material and moral grounds.

Healthcare access for asylum seekers and refugees in England: a mixed methods study exploring service users' and health care professionals' awareness.

Background: With the aim of decreasing immigration, the British government extended charging for healthcare in England for certain migrants in 2017. There is concern these policies amplify the barriers to healthcare already faced by asylum seekers and refugees (ASRs). Awareness has been shown to be fundamental to access.

Access to primary health care for asylum seekers and refugees: a qualitative study of service user experiences in the UK.

Background: Asylum seekers and refugees (ASR) face difficulty accessing health care in host countries. In 2017, NHS charges for overseas visitors were extended to include some community care for refused asylum seekers. There is growing concern that this will increase access difficulties, but no recent research has documented the lived experiences of ASR accessing UK primary health care.