An Improved Segformer for Semantic Segmentation of UAV-Based Mine Restoration Scenes.

Mine ecological restoration is a critical process for promoting the sustainable development of resource-dependent regions, yet existing monitoring methods remain limited in accuracy and adaptability. To address challenges such as small-object recognition, insufficient multi-scale feature fusion, and blurred boundaries in UAV-based remote sensing imagery, this paper proposes an enhanced semantic segmentation model based on Segformer. Specifically, a multi-scale feature-enhanced feature pyramid network (MSFE-FPN) is introduced between the encoder and decoder to strengthen cross-level feature interaction.

Predictive risk-scoring model for lateral lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

This study aims to evaluate candidate risk factors for lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) and develop a predictive model to identify high-risk groups among patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Additionally, we identified risk factors for recurrence to inform postoperative therapeutic decisions and follow-up for physicians and patients. A total of 4107 patients (4884 lesions) who underwent lymph node dissection at our hospital from 2005 to 2014 were evaluated.

Antigen-Targeting Inserted Nanomicelles Guide Pre-Existing Immunity to Kill Head and Neck Cancer.

A significant challenge in cancer therapy is the identification of suitable targets that are specifically and uniformly expressed across heterogeneous tumors. The efficacy of pre-existing antiviral immunity in tumor treatment is limited by the absence of corresponding targets. This study develops a novel platform of antigen-targeted inserted nanomicelles, preS1 (an antigen of hepatitis B virus)-pHLIP nanomicelles, in which tumor-targeting nanomicelles release antigens that label tumor tissue for pre-existing immunity-mediated lysis in situ.

Screening of PDSS1 as a Potential Biomarker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on a Copper-Related Prognostic Signature through Bulk and Single-cell RNA-sequencing Analysis.

Currently, there is few literature comprehensively analyzing landscape of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) with multiple omics approaches. Using comprehensive analysis, we aim to find out how CRGs works on LIHC. With data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we constructed a prognostic prediction model for CGRs using LASSO regression analysis and performed immune infiltration analysis using the same dataset.

Identification of iron metabolism-related genes as prognostic indicators for papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective study.

Background: The thyroid cancer subtype that occurs more frequently is papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Despite a good surgical outcome, treatment with traditional antitumor therapy does not offer ideal results for patients with radioiodine resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. The evidence for the connection between iron metabolism imbalance and cancer development and oncogenesis is growing.

Molecular basis and targeted therapy in thyroid cancer: Progress and opportunities.

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most prevalent endocrine malignant tumor. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy are the standard TC treatment modalities. However, recurrence or tumor metastasis remains the main challenge in the management of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) and radioiodine (RAI) radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC).

Construction of anoikis-related lncRNAs risk model: Predicts prognosis and immunotherapy response for gastric adenocarcinoma patients.

Anoikis acts as a programmed cell death that is activated during carcinogenesis to remove undetected cells isolated from ECM. Further anoikis based risk stratification is expected to provide a deeper understanding of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) carcinogenesis. The information of STAD patients were acquired from TCGA dataset.

Site-Specific Modification of Virus-Like Particles for Exogenous Tumor Antigen Display and Minimizing Preexisting Immunity.

The widespread preexisting immunity against virus-like particles (VLPs) seriously limits the applications of VLPs as vaccine vectors. Enabling technology for exogenous antigen display should not only ensure the assembly ability of VLPs and site-specific modification, but also consider the effect of preexisting immunity on the behavior of VLPs in vivo. Here, combining genetic code expansion technique and synthetic biology strategy, a site-specific modification method for hepatitis B core (HBc) VLPs via incorporating azido-phenylalanine into the desired positions is described.

Lipid-Peptide-mRNA Nanoparticles Augment Radioiodine Uptake in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

Restoring sodium iodide symporter (NIS) expression and function remains a major challenge for radioiodine therapy in anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). For more efficient delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) to manipulate protein expression, a lipid-peptide-mRNA (LPm) nanoparticle (NP) is developed. The LPm NP is prepared by using amphiphilic peptides to assemble a peptide core and which is then coated with cationic lipids.

Engineered Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles as Controllable Two-Way Adaptors to Activate Macrophage Phagocytosis for Improved Tumor Immunotherapy.

The most immune cells infiltrating tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) closely resemble immunosuppressive M2-polarized macrophages. Moreover, tumor cells exhibit high expression of CD47 "don't eat me" signal, which obstructs macrophage phagocytosis. The precise and efficient activation of TAMs is a promising approach to tumor immunotherapy; however, re-education of macrophages remains a challenge.

Screening and Validation of PDGFRA Inhibitors Enhancing Radioiodine Sensitivity in Thyroid Cancer.

Aberrant activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA) has been implicated in tumorigenesis and radioiodine resistance of thyroid cancer, indicating its therapeutic potential. In the present study, we confirmed the association between PDGFRA and radioiodine resistance in thyroid cancer using bioinformatics analysis and constructed a prediction model of PDGFRA inhibitors using machine learning and molecular docking approaches. We then performed a virtual screening of a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) derived compound library and successfully identified 4',5,7-trimethoxyflavone as a potential PDGFRA inhibitor.

Rapid Surface Display of mRNA Antigens by Bacteria-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles for a Personalized Tumor Vaccine.

Therapeutic mRNA vaccination is an attractive approach to trigger antitumor immunity. However, the mRNA delivery technology for customized tumor vaccine is still limited. In this work, bacteria-derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are employed as an mRNA delivery platform by genetically engineering with surface decoration of RNA binding protein, L7Ae, and lysosomal escape protein, listeriolysin O (OMV-LL).

Mutation of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Related Genes and the Screening of Candidate Genes.

Clinical studies have shown similarities in the genetic background and biological functional characteristics between Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and that HT may increase risks of PTC. Here, we set to determine the gene expression specificity of HT and PTC by screening related genes or co-expressed genes and exploring their genetic correlation. Referencing the Oncomine database, HT-related genes were discovered to be expressed in many different types of thyroid cancer, such as TSHR that is highly expressed in thyroid cancer.

Efficacy of Chinese herbal prescriptions containing Ejiao or Velvet antler for management of uterine fibroids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the controversial Chinese herbal prescriptions containing Ejiao or Velvet antler (VA) in the treatment of uterine fibroids.

Methods: We searched 4 famous Chinese databases, the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, PubMed, Cochrane Central, Google Scholar, Embase, and J-STAGE up to July 2019. We included all eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared Chinese herbal prescriptions containing Ejiao or VA (E/VA) with placebo, pharmaceutical intervention, surgery, or other traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) for uterine fibroids and assessed the risk of bias according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tool.