Artificial intelligence-based approaches for sleep-related breathing events identification using EEG and ECG signals.

Purposes: Sleep apnea or hypopnea is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by insufficient ventilation during sleep. Sleep apnea is classified into two major forms: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and central sleep apnea (CSA). The conventional diagnosis with Polysomnography (PSG) is time-consuming, uncomfortable, and costly in the clinical setting.

Social Determinants of Health and Disparities in Diagnosis-to-Ablation Time for Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly influence health care access and outcomes, but their impact on atrial fibrillation (AF) diagnosis-to-ablation time (DAT) and anticoagulation prescription rates is unknown.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the associations between SDOH, measured by using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), and DAT and anticoagulation prescription rates in patients undergoing AF ablation.

Methods: Data from the Hopkins AF Ablation Registry (2014-2023) were analyzed retrospectively.

A Rare Case of Cystic Prostatic Carcinoma in a Patient From Vietnam.

Cystic prostatic carcinoma is a rare and aggressive variant of prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by cystic degeneration within the tumor. Due to its infrequency, clinical data regarding its presentation, optimal management, and prognosis remain limited. We report a case of a 66-year-old male who presented with a two-month history of dysuria and, more recently, hematuria.

A novel diterpene and six new sesquiterpenes from the sea hare .

Aplydactylonin D (1), a diterpene possessing an unprecedented carbon skeleton with a 3-(-tolyl)-7,7a-dihydrocyclopenta[]pyran-6(2)-one core, and six new brominated sesquiterpenes, aplydactylonins E-K (2-7), were isolated from the sea hare . Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by the interpretation of spectroscopic data, quantum chemical calculations, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. All of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against HepG2, A549 and MCF7 cells.

A novel, synthesized, amphiphilic ethylene glycol squalene derivative suppresses BBN-induced bladder carcinogenesis.

Squalene, a natural triterpene with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulatory properties, holds promise for cancer therapy. Here, we examined a previously developed, diethylene glycol derivative of squalene (SQ-diEG) and investigated its in vivo anti-carcinogenic effects in bladder cancer. C57BL/6 mice were treated with 0.

The Fertility Cascade: Infertility Prevalence, Access to Treatment and Successful Live Birth.

Background: Access to fertility care in the United States is limited by availability of services, inadequate insurance coverage, restrictive legislation, and social determinants of health. Despite increasing demand for fertility services, national estimates of fertility care utilization and outcomes - particularly across sociodemographic groups - remain poorly characterized.

Objective: To quantify infertility awareness, treatment access, and live birth using a cascade of care framework, overall and by sociodemographic characteristics.

High-dose multi-strain Bacillus probiotics enhance treatment and reduce antibiotic usage in children with persistent diarrhea through immune and microbiota modulation.

Persistent diarrhea remains medical challenge to date regarding both its etiology and therapeutic interventions. Here, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of high-dose multi-strain Bacillus spore probiotics (LiveSpo DIA30) containing B. subtilis, B.

Vision-Language Model-Based Semantic-Guided Imaging Biomarker for Lung Nodule Malignancy Prediction.

Objective: Machine learning models have utilized semantic features, deep features, or both to assess lung nodule malignancy. However, their reliance on manual annotation during inference, limited interpretability, and sensitivity to imaging variations hinder their application in real-world clinical settings. Thus, this research aims to integrate semantic features derived from radiologists' assessments of nodules, guiding the model to learn clinically relevant, robust, and explainable imaging features for predicting lung cancer.

Analytical methods for antioxidant screening of endophytic bacteria: A comparative review.

Endophytic bacteria, living symbiotically in plant tissues, have attracted great attention due to their antioxidant potential. These microorganisms are capable of producing bioactive compounds, including enzymes and secondary metabolites, which help reduce oxidative stress in plants and can be cultured in artificial media, opening up broad prospects for future applications. This article provides an overview of the antioxidant potential of plant endophytic bacteria, focusing on spectroscopic analytical techniques: 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical neutralization, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical neutralization (DPPH), ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).

Interface Engineering and Electric Contact Design of van der Waals Goldene/AsC Heterostructure for Flexible Electronics.

Two-dimensional metal-semiconductor (MS) heterostructures have attracted significant attention due to their tunable interfacial properties, which are critical for enhancing the performance of electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this work, first-principles calculations are employed to investigate the structural, electronic, mechanical, and interfacial contact properties of the MS heterostructure formed between two-dimensional (2D) metallic Goldene and 2D semiconducting AsC, as well as the tunability of contact characteristics under applied electric gating and vertical strain. Our results reveal that the MS Goldene/AsC heterostructure is energetically favorable and exhibits thermal, dynamic, and mechanical stability.

Identification, characterization and pathogenicity of , . , and . causing mango anthracnose in Vietnam.

Mango ( L.) is famous for its flavor, aroma, and nutritional value. However, anthracnose caused by is the most destructive postharvest disease of mango, causing significant economic losses.

Comparison of LEM and MKM based RBE-weighted doses from microdosimetric measurements with silicon 3D microdosimeter.

Introduction: In carbon ion radiation therapy, the Local Effect Model (LEM) predicts higher value of Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) with respect to the Microdosimetric Kinetic Model (MKM) in most clinical situations. This work aims at comparing the MKM-based RBE-weighted dose calculated from experimental microdosimetric quantities against the RBE-weighted dose computed by a Treatment Planning System (TPS) using the LEM version I.

Methods: The Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) 3D mushroom microdosimeter, developed by the Centre for Medical Radiation Physics (CMRP), Wollongong (Australia), was placed in an RW3 phantom and was irradiated with carbon ions with different plans at the Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO), Pavia (Italy), acquiring microdosimetric spectra along the beam direction and calculating the corresponding RBE with the MKM model applied for Human Salivary Gland (HSG) cells.

From controversy to confidence: Strengthening dengue vaccines safety reporting.

Dengue fever, driven by four serotypes of the Dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes aegypti, presents a major global health threat, impacting billions in tropical and subtropical regions. Severe cases, such as Dengue Shock Syndrome, result in significant mortality, particularly without prompt intervention, placing immense strain on healthcare systems in resource-limited settings. Dengue vaccines-Dengvaxia, Qdenga, and TV003/TV005 (NIH dengue vaccine) -offer potential for control, yet their implementation has been challenged by safety issues, including heightened risks in seronegative individuals, presumably due to antibody-dependent enhancement, though the precise mechanisms remain under investigation.

Neuromechanical Simulation with NEURON and MuJoCo.

In computational neuroscience, simulation platforms generally do not have adequate tools to model the brain, body and environment simultaneously. We demonstrate a method for simulating neuromechanical models using a novel combination of widely used software platforms: NEURON and MuJoCo. Different neural models are used to control a realistic musculoskeletal model in both open-loop and closed-loop configurations.

Epidemiology and long-term outcomes of critically ill patients with severe AKI in India and Southeast Asia.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with significant short-term morbidity and mortality. However, its long-term outcomes, particularly in resource-limited settings, remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate 2-year major adverse kidney events (MAKE) in patients with severe AKI.

Chemical Composition, Anti-Inflammatory Effect, and Molecular Docking of Essential Oils Extracted From Illigera celebica Hance. (Hernandiaceae).

Illigera celebica Hance is an evergreen climber found in China and Southeast Asia. This study investigates the chemical composition, nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity, and molecular mechanisms of essential oils from I. celebica in Vietnam.

Safety of Permissive Cardiotoxicity of Trastuzumab in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cardiotoxicity is a recognized adverse effect associated with anti-HER2 therapies. The Trastuzumab-mediated cardiac dysfunction is not dose-dependent and lacks ultrastructural changes, allowing potential recovery after a few months. There is no consensus on the management of patients who develop cardiotoxicity.

Electronic properties and interfacial engineering of metal-semiconductor 1T-, 2H-TaB MBene/Janus MoSSe heterostructures.

Metal-semiconductor heterostructures are pivotal in modern electronics, offering a crucial interface that governs carrier transport and significantly impacts device performance and functionality. In this study, we systematically investigate the structural, electronic, mechanical, and contact properties of 1T- and 2H-type TaB/MoSSe heterostructures using first-principles calculations. Our results confirm that both heterostructures are energetically, dynamically, and mechanically stable, with the TaB and MoSSe layers held together by van der Waals (vdW) forces, ensuring stability and potential exfoliation in future experiments.

Predicting reactive gastrostomy-tube placement after head and neck free flap reconstruction.

Objectives: The objectives of the study are: 1) to analyze the factors associated with post-operative placement of gastrostomy tube (G-tube) in head and neck reconstruction patients, and 2) to create a simple scoring system that can predict G-tube dependence.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent head and neck free tissue transfer at the author's institution from January 2015-May 2021 were identified. Data on patient characteristics, clinical outcomes, and G-tube placement were collected.

Microdosimetry of a clinical carbon-ion pencil beam at MedAustron - Part 1: experimental characterization.

Objective: This paper characterizes the microdosimetric spectra of a single-energy carbon-ion pencil beam with a nominal energy of 284.7 MeV/u at MedAustron using a miniature solid-state silicon microdosimeter to estimate the impact on the profile of the microdosimetric spectra when moving at different lateral distances from the beam axis.

Approach: The microdosimeter was fixed at one depth and then laterally moved away from the central beam axis in steps of approximately 2 mm.

Building Mental Health Care Literacy in Oncology Nurses: Impact of an Effective Training Program.

Background: This study evaluates the effectiveness of a training program on mental health literacy (MHL) outcomes among participating nurses.

Method: A mixed method approach was used. Quantitative data were collected with pre- and posttraining MHL assessment surveys.

Magnetic-Assisted Manipulation of Rare Blood Cells for Diagnosis: A Systematic Review.

The precise isolation and analysis of rare cells from blood are crucial for biomedical research and clinical diagnostics. This review examines recent advancements in magnetic-based separation techniques, focusing on their efficiency in capturing rare cells such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating fetal cells, and diseased red blood cells (RBCs). These methods use magnetophoresis under external magnetic fields for highly specific isolation with minimal contamination, offering advantages over traditional techniques in speed, cost-effectiveness, and robustness.

Optimizing Extended-release Formulation of l-tetrahydropalmatine Based on In Vivo Outcomes Using Integrated Modeling Approaches.

l-Tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) is a promising drug candidate for addiction treatment and needs to be delivered in extended-release dosage forms for safety and efficiency. This study aims to optimize extended-release formulations containing l-THP to achieve desired in vivo outcomes (C, onset of action, and duration of action) by integrating multiple computational tools including in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC), physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK), and design of experiments (DoE). The in vivo predictable dissolution method was chosen based on level A IVIVC.

Incidence of pressure injuries and effectiveness of a prevention care bundle in critically ill Vietnamese patients: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Pressure injury (PI) presents a major challenge for critically ill patients with multiple risk factors for developing PI. Advanced prevention bundles have been implemented in developed countries, leading to a reduction in PI rates. However, a knowledge gap remains regarding PI incidence and prevention bundles in developing Asian countries.