NO Activates the Triterpenoid Biosynthetic Pathway in Through Multilevel Signaling Regulation to Enhance Its Production.

Triterpenoids are the bioactive components in with extensive medicinal prospects, but their low content in fermentation production is the main limiting factor for their application. This study focuses on nitric oxide (NO), an important signaling molecule within organisms, aiming to explore its inducing effect on the synthesis of triterpenes in and the potential signaling transduction mechanisms involved. Compared with the control group, the content of representative triterpenoid betulin increased by 70.

Safety of Curcuma aromatica oil gelatin microspheres administered via hepatic artery.

Aim: To evaluate the safety of Curcuma aromatica oil gelatin microspheres (CAO-GMS) infused via hepatic artery against primary liver cancer.

Methods: The safety of CAO-GMS was evaluated in view of its acute toxicity in rats, long-term toxicity in Beagle dogs and general pharmacology in rats and mongrel dogs.

Results: The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of CAO-GMS infused via the hepatic artery was 17.

Mechanisms of glutamate release in the rat spinal cord slices during metabolic inhibition.

Glutamate toxicity is a viable hypothesis to explain the expanding tissue degeneration occurring after traumatic or ischemic spinal cord injury. One important component in this process is the acute, excessive release of glutamate. In the current communication, the glycolytic inhibitor iodoacetate was used to induce metabolic inhibition in spinal cord slices and thereby provide an in vitro model to study the mechanisms of pathological glutamate release in the spinal cord.