Minimal Hip Flexion Increase During Gait After Femoroacetabular Impingement Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pre- and Postoperative 3-Dimensional Motion Analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of surgical treatment on gait biomechanics in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS).

Methods: A comprehensive search of 6 databases (from inception to 2024) was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (CRD4202347397). Studies using 3-dimensional motion analysis to examine gait kinematics and/or kinetics in patients with FAIS before and after hip surgery were included.

Identifying gait subgroups in low back pain patients with artificial intelligence: implications for individualized interventions.

Purpose: The following study aimed to investigate the existence of different gait profiles in patients with low back pain (LBP) and assess their clinical characteristics.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study that included individuals with chronic or acute LBP. Three-dimensional gait kinematics were assessed, including mean angles, range of motion (ROM), and coordination of the trunk and pelvis across three planes.

The Search for the Holy Grail in Running Biomechanics: Is There an Ideal Movement Profile for Minimizing Mechanical Overload?

Background: Running biomechanics can influence injury risk, but whether the combined effect of different biomechanical factors can be identified by individual running profiles remains unclear. Here, we identified distinct biomechanical profiles among healthy runners, examined lower limb mechanical load characteristics, and evaluated potential implications for injury risk.

Hypothesis: Multiple factors would serve as a common denominator allowing identification of specific patterns.

Squatting Biomechanics After Femoroacetabular Impingement Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) is a prevalent cause of hip pain, characterized by distinctive motion patterns. However, the impact of surgical intervention on squatting biomechanics remains underexplored. This review aims to evaluate the effects of surgical treatment on biomechanical outcomes during squatting in patients with FAIS.

Squat kinematics of osteoarthritic knees after intra-articular viscosupplementation: an analysis of secondary outcomes from a double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Viscosupplementation for knee osteoarthritis (OA) aims to minimize pain and improve joint function. However, its effects on knee biomechanics during squat activities have not been investigated. This study aimed to assess the effects of viscosupplementation on squat biomechanics of older adults with late-stage knee osteoarthritis utilizing three-dimensional (3D) motion capture technology.

Sex differences in pelvis-knee-foot coordination and variability among recreational runners.

Men and women exhibit distinct motor strategies while running, yet their impact on intersegmental coordination remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate differences between male and female recreational runners in intersegmental coordination and coordination variability among foot frontal plane (FP), knee sagittal plane (SP), and pelvis FP. Seventy-three recreational runners (31 females; 20-40 years) participated.

Impact of contralateral pelvic drop and femoral adduction on the femoral head acetabular coverage: A study on the reproducibility of a new radiographic measurement method.

Purpose: Traditional radiographic measurements for acetabular dysplasia and femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) are typically done in static positions, overlooking dynamic behaviours. This study investigated the reproducibility of a new radiographic method that incorporates pelvic and femoral motion during running.

Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study included 10 patients (5 males/5 females; Mean 42.

Three-dimensional kinematics in patients with anterior shoulder instability - A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Anterior Shoulder Instability (ASI) is a common orthopedic condition often resulting in altered shoulder kinematics. Understanding the biomechanics of the unstable shoulder is critical to determine the most appropriate treatment. This study aims to conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis of three-dimensional (3D) shoulder kinematic studies in ASI patients.

A biokinetic approach in primary knee osteoarthritis prevention and management-exploring movement profiles and kinetic chain interactions: Current concepts.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease characterized by increasing prevalence and significant physical, psychological, and economic burdens. Despite extensive research, the definition, risk factors, and effective cost-efficient treatments for knee OA remain unclear. This article aims to revisit primary knee OA, understanding its etiology, and focusing on prevention and individualized nonoperative treatment modalities.

Biomechanical Problems Related to Lesser Toes Dysfunction and Amputation.

Should we care about the biomechanics of the foot or the full locomotor system? Anatomic changes are the main concerns of an orthopedic surgeon; however, the main objectives of treatment for lesser toe dysfunctions are to relieve the patient's symptoms to preserve or improve function. It is imperative to understand that the foot is part a three-dimensional biokinetic system that needs to function combined so that loads are harmoniously distributed throughout the body without harmful effects, especially for one of the most frequent voluntary neuromotor tasks in humans: walking.

Gait kinematics of osteoarthritic knees after intra-articular viscosupplementation: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: The utilization of subjective questionnaires for assessing conservative treatment in knee osteoarthritis may present challenges in identifying differences due to inadequate statistical power. Objective tools, such as three-dimensional (3D) kinematic analysis, are accurate and reproducible methods. However, no high-quality studies assessing the effects of intra-articular viscosupplementation (VS) have been published.

Changes in in vivo three dimensional shoulder kinematics following latissimus dorsi tendon transfer for irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Latissimus dorsi transfer is a surgical procedure that can be used for treating posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. The procedure leads to improved shoulder function via alterations in the force vector couple around the shoulder. However, there is still no consensus on the biomechanical changes resulting from latissimus dorsi transfer.

Variables Associated With Knee Valgus in Male Professional Soccer Players During a Single-Leg Vertical Landing Task.

Prior studies have explored the relationship between knee valgus and musculoskeletal variables to formulate injury prevention programs, primarily for females. Nonetheless, there is insufficient evidence pertaining to professional male soccer players. Here, the aim was to test the correlation of lateral trunk inclination, hip adduction, hip internal rotation, ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, and hip isometric strength with knee valgus during the single-leg vertical jump test.

Clinical and radiographic characterization of three-dimensional gait profiles of patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Previous authors have utilized gait kinematics to categorize knee osteoarthritis patients into four distinct profiles: (1) flexed knee; (2) externally rotated knee; (3) stiff knee; and (4) knee varus thrust and rotational rigidity. However, the relationship between these gait profiles and patients' characteristics remains poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether differences in clinical and radiographic characteristics were associated with these four gait profiles.

Validity and reliability of two-dimensional video-based assessment to measure joint angles during running: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Two-dimensional video analysis systems (2DVAS) are commonly used by clinicians and researchers to determine angles during running. The aim of this systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42022322798) was to synthesize the literature on the criterion validity and reliability of 2DVAS for measuring angles during running compared to three-dimensional motion analysis systems (3DMAS). We searched for articles on MEDLINE/Pubmed, EMBASE, SciELO, and LILACS up to October/2022.

Biokinetic Evaluation of Hallux Valgus during Gait: A Systematic Review.

Background: Foot pathologies can affect the kinetic chain during gait, leading to altered loading at other joints that can lead to subsequent pathologies. Although hallux valgus is the most common foot disease, little has been discussed about the biokinetic effects of hallux valgus on the foot and lower limb. This systematic review evaluated the kinematic, kinetic, and pedobarographic changes of the hallux valgus foot compared to a healthy one.

Effects of therapeutic interventions on pain due to plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine the effects of different therapeutic interventions that have ever been evaluated in randomized controlled trials on pain due to plantar fasciitis.

Methods: We searched different electronic databases until September 2022. Mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Three-dimensional kinematic evaluation of scapulohumeral rhythm after reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The movement of the arm relative to the trunk results from 3-dimensional (3D) coordinated movements of the glenohumeral (GH) and scapulothoracic (ST) joints and dictates the scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR). Alterations in SHR increase joint overload and may lead to low functional scores, pain, and failures in patients undergoing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine 3D SHR kinematics after RSA and compare it to that of asymptomatic shoulders.

Effect of low-level laser therapy on pain and disability in patients with plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: We performed a systematic review to investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on pain and disability in patients with plantar fasciitis (PF).

Methods: We searched Pubmed, PEDro database, Scielo, and Cochrane Central for randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of LLLT for patients with PF. The methodological aspects of the studies included were scored using the PEDro scale.

Are there different gait profiles in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis? A machine learning approach.

Background: Determine whether knee kinematics features analyzed using machine-learning algorithms can identify different gait profiles in knee OA patients.

Methods: 3D gait kinematic data were recorded from 42 patients (Kellgren-Lawrence stages III and IV) walking barefoot at individual maximal gait speed (0.98 ± 0.

Indications and Outcomes for Arthroscopic Hip Labral Reconstruction With Autografts: A Systematic Review.

The acetabular labrum plays a major role in hip function and stability. The gold standard treatment for labral tears is labral repair, but in cases where tissue is not amenable to repair, reconstruction has been demonstrated to provide superior outcomes compared to debridement. Many types of grafts have been used for reconstruction with good to excellent outcomes.

Do hip strength, flexibility and running biomechanics predict dynamic valgus in female recreational runners?

Backgound: Dynamic valgus has been the focus of many studies to identify its association to an increased risk of running-related injuries. However, it is not known which physical and biomechanical variables are associated with this movement dysfunction.

Research Question: This study aimed to test the correlation between strength, flexibility and biomechanical variables and dynamic valgus in female runners.

Prediction of mild anatomical leg length discrepancy based on gait kinematics and linear regression model.

Backgound: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) can be related to different pathologies, due to an inadequate distribution of mechanical loads, as well as gait kinematics asymmetries resulted from LLD.

Research Question: To validate a model to predict anatomical LLD (ALLD) based on gait kinematics.

Methods: Gait of 39 participants with different lower limb pathologies and mild discrepancy were collected.

Association between knee-to-hip flexion ratio during single-leg vertical landings, and strength and range of motion in professional soccer players.

The aim of this study was to test the correlation between knee-to-hip flexion ratio during a single leg landing task and hip and knee strength, and ankle range of motion. Twenty-four male participants from a professional soccer team performed a continuous single leg jump-landing test during 10s, while lower limb kinematics data were collected using a motion analysis system. After biomechanical testing, maximal isometric hip (abduction, extension, external rotation), knee extension and flexion strength were measured.