Commensal inhibits the growth and modulates the fitness, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance of Heidelberg .

Nontyphoidal (NTS) are major foodborne pathogens primarily transmitted to humans through contaminated poultry products. Increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in NTS, including Heidelberg (SH), has recently become a public health issue. Current control measures are inadequate, emphasizing the need for novel approaches to mitigate NTS colonization in poultry and contamination of poultry products.

Klebsiella pneumoniae: Host interactions, virulence mechanisms, and novel therapeutic strategies.

K. pneumoniae has emerged as a major infectious threat due to its remarkable capacity for intracellular survival, virulence, and antibiotic resistance. It evades immune clearance by resisting phagocytosis through capsular polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides, modulating macrophage polarization to create a permissive intracellular niche, and autophagic degradation.

From the Gut to the Brain: Transcriptomic Insights into Neonatal Meningitis Across Diverse Host Niches.

Neonatal Meningitis-causing (NMEC) is the leading cause of neonatal meningitis and exhibits remarkable adaptability to diverse host environments. Understanding its transcriptional responses across different host niches is crucial for deciphering pathogenesis and identifying potential therapeutic targets. We performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of NMEC RS218, the prototype strain of NMEC, under four distinct host-mimicking conditions: colonic fluid (CF), serum (S), human brain endothelial cells (HBECs), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Complete genome sequences of strains USA1 and USA5 isolated from a commercial layer flock in the United States.

is known to cause spotty liver disease (SLD) in layer chickens around peak production. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of two strains, USA1 and USA5, from the United States. The genomes comprise chromosomes of 1,508,744 and 1,531,174 bp, respectively, with a G + C content of 28%.

Comparative Patho-Genomics of Serovar Enteritidis Reveal Potential Host-Specific Virulence Factors.

serovar Enteritidis ( Enteritidis) is one of the most common causes of bacterial foodborne infections worldwide. It has an extensive host range, including birds and humans, making it one of the most adaptable serovars. This study aims to define the virulence gene profile of Enteritidis and identify genes critical to its host specificity.

Pre-Harvest Non-Typhoidal Control Strategies in Commercial Layer Chickens.

Non-typhoidal (NTS) infections in poultry, particularly in commercial-layer chickens, pose a critical risk to food safety and public health worldwide. NTS bacteria can remain undetected in poultry flocks, contaminating products and potentially leading to gastroenteritis in humans. This review examines pre-harvest control strategies for NTS in layer chickens, including biosecurity protocols, vaccinations, feed additives, genetic selection, and environmental management.

Epigenetic Mechanisms Induced by to Promote Its Survival in the Host.

Tuberculosis caused by the obligate intracellular pathogen, , is one among the prime causes of death worldwide. An urgent remedy against tuberculosis is of paramount importance in the current scenario. However, the complex nature of this appalling disease contributes to the limitations of existing medications.

Host-Pathogen Interactions during Shiga Toxin-Producing Adherence and Colonization in the Bovine Gut: A Comprehensive Review.

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) is a significant public health threat due to its ability to cause severe gastrointestinal diseases in humans, ranging from diarrhea to life-threatening conditions such as hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). As the primary reservoir of STEC, cattle play a crucial role in its transmission through contaminated food and water, posing a considerable risk to human health. This comprehensive review explores host-pathogen interactions during STEC colonization of the bovine gut, focusing on the role of gut microbiota in modulating these interactions and influencing disease outcomes.

Interferon-γ/IL-2 ELISpot and mRNA Responses to the SARS-CoV2, Feline Coronavirus Serotypes 1 (FCoV1), and FCoV2 Receptor Binding Domains by the T Cells from COVID-19-Vaccinated Humans and FCoV1-Infected Cats.

The receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 (SCoV2) has been used recently to identify the RBD sequences of feline coronavirus serotypes 1 (FCoV1) and 2 (FCoV2). Cats naturally infected with FCoV1 have been shown to possess serum reactivities with FCoV1 and SCoV2 RBDs but not with FCoV2 RBD. In the current study, COVID-19-vaccinated humans and FCoV1-infected laboratory cats were evaluated for interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2 ELISpot responses by their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to SCoV2, FCoV1, and FCoV2 RBDs.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing O157:H7 on Bovine Rectoanal Junction Cells and Human Colonic Epithelial Cells during Initial Adherence.

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) are notorious foodborne pathogens, capable of causing severe diarrhea and life-threatening complications in humans. Cattle, acting as both primary reservoirs and asymptomatic carriers of STEC, predominantly harbor the pathogen in their rectoanal junction (RAJ), facilitating its transmission to humans through contaminated food sources. Despite the central role of cattle in STEC transmission, the molecular mechanisms governing STEC's adaptation in the RAJ of the asymptomatic reservoir host and its subsequent infection of human colonic epithelial cells, resulting in diarrhea, remain largely unexplored.

Both Feline Coronavirus Serotypes 1 and 2 Infected Domestic Cats Develop Cross-Reactive Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain: Its Implication to Pan-CoV Vaccine Development.

The current study was initiated when our specific-pathogen-free laboratory toms developed unexpectedly high levels of cross-reactive antibodies to human SARS-CoV-2 (SCoV2) receptor binding domain (RBD) upon mating with feline coronavirus (FCoV)-positive queens. Multi-sequence alignment analyses of SCoV2 Wuhan RBD and four strains each from FCoV serotypes 1 and 2 (FCoV1 and FCoV2) demonstrated an amino acid sequence identity of 11.5% and a similarity of 31.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis transcriptional regulator Rv1019 is upregulated in hypoxia, and negatively regulates Rv3230c-Rv3229c operon encoding enzymes in the oleic acid biosynthetic pathway.

The main obstacle in eradicating tuberculosis is the ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to remain dormant in the host, and then to get reactivated even years later under immunocompromised conditions. Transcriptional regulation in intracellular pathogens plays an important role in their adapting to the challenging environment inside the host cells. Previously, we demonstrated that Rv1019, a putative transcriptional regulator of M.

Chrysomycin A inhibits the topoisomerase I of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Novel anti-tuberculosis drugs are essential to manage drug-resistant tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We recently reported the antimycobacterial activity of chrysomycin A in vitro and in infected macrophages. In this study, we report that it inhibits the growth of drug-resistant clinical strains of M.