Advanced internally bridged silica core-shell nanocarriers: Design and applications.

Nanomaterial-based delivery systems have gained significant attention for their ability to provide high surface area, tunable porosity, and tailored surface chemistry, key features that enable efficient adsorption and controlled release of active agents. These advanced platforms offer versatile solutions for applications ranging from therapeutic delivery to environmental remediation, by improving loading capacity, release kinetics, and functional performance. Here we tailor a novel core-shell silica nanomaterial with a large complex internal structure in the core and shell, while silica surfaces are bridged by an organic crosslinker in the shell.

Loading walnut shell powder into polymeric matrix of chitosan for enhanced cationic methyl violet 2B dye removal: Process optimization and adsorption mechanism.

Herein, chitosan (CHS) biopolymer was modified with walnut shell (WS) powder by loading different ratios (25 % and 50 %) of WS into the polymeric matrix of CHS to yield a promising bio-adsorbent for cationic methyl violet 2B (MV 2B) dye removal. The best loading ratio of the WS into the polymeric matrix of CHS was found to be 50 % CHS and 50 % WS (CHS/WS-(50:50)). A statistical optimization using Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to optimize the influence of three processing variables namely CHS/WS-(50:50) dose (0.

Correction: Iqbal et al. Floating ZnO QDs-Modified TiO/LLDPE Hybrid Polymer Film for the Effective Photodegradation of Tetracycline under Fluorescent Light Irradiation: Synthesis and Characterisation. 2021, , 2509.

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Adsorptive performance of sustainable biosorbent from shell powder for toxic methylene blue dye removal: desirability functions and dye uptake mechanism.

Herein, the potential of Macadamia integrifolia nutshell powder (MSP) as a sustainable, renewable, and cost-effective biosorbent for methylene blue (MB) dye was evaluated. The physicochemical properties of MSP were characterized XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDX, and pH analysis. The biosorption process was optimized using the Box-Behnken design (RSM-BBD), to evaluate the influence of MSP dose (0.

A chitosan-Staphylococcus epidermidis bacterial biocomposite adsorbent for removal of reactive orange 16 dye: Box-Behnken design optimization.

A biocomposite material of chitosan/Staphylococcus epidermidis bacterial biomass (CS/STEPI) was developed for removal of reactive orange 16 (RO16) dye. The properties of the CS/STEPI biocomposite were characterized using XRD, FESEM-EDX, FTIR spectroscopy and pH. The adsorptive capacity of the CS/STEPI biocomposite for removal of RO16 dye was optimized through a Box-Behnken design employing a desirability function to achieve a 92.

Biopolymers to composite adsorbents for sulfate removal: From conventional to sustainable systems.

Addressing elevated water salinity is a global water security issue listed among the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs). Sulfate is a contributor to water salinity due to its high solubility and is a pollutant of increasing global concern. While various water treatment technologies are currently available, the high capital infrastructure and operational costs of such advanced methods have sustainability limits for their widespread adoption.

Bioinspired complex cellulose nanorod-architectures: A model for dual-responsive smart carriers.

The synergy between nanomaterials as solid supports and supramolecular concepts has resulted in nanomaterials with hierarchical structure and enhanced functionality. Herein, we developed and investigated innovative supramolecular functionalities arising from the synergy between organic moieties and the preexisting nanoscale soft material backbones. Based on these complex molecular nano-architectures, a new nanorod carbohydrate polymer carrier was designed with bifunctional hairy nanocellulose (BHNC) to reveal dual-responsive advanced drug delivery (ADD).

A comparison of freeze- and air-dried chitosan salicylaldehyde/calcium oxide biocomposites for optimized removal of acid red 88 dye.

Chitosan salicylaldehyde/calcium oxide nanoparticle (CS-SL/CaO) was synthesized by hydrothermal process and isolated via different drying processes, namely, air-drying (AD) and freeze-drying (FD). The physicochemical properties of freeze-dried CS-SL/CaO nanoparticle (CS-SL/CaO-FD) and air-dried CS-SL/CaO nanoparticle (CS-SL/CaO-AD) were compared. In particular, the adsorption properties reveal that the specific surface area of CS-SL/CaO-FD increased by ca.

Hybrid Chitosan Biosorbents: Tunable Adsorption at Surface and Micropore Domains.

Herein, we report a study that provides new insight on the knowledge gaps that relate to the role of biopolymer structure and adsorption properties for chitosan adsorbents that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. The systematic modification of chitosan cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (CG) and its quaternized forms (QCG) was studied in relation to the reaction conditions: mole ratios of reactants and pH conditions. Complementary adsorbent characterization employed C NMR/FTIR spectroscopy, TGA and DSC, point-zero-charge (PZC), solvent swelling, and sorption studies using selected dye probes.

Cross-linked chitosan as biomacromolecular adsorbents for adsorption of precious metal-chloride complexes from aqueous media.

Precious metal recovery from secondary sources has received significant attention due to the reduced availability of precious metals from conventional sources. Herein, chitosan (CHT) was modified via cross-linking with glutaraldehyde (glu) to yield CHT-glu adsorbents with improved physicochemical and adsorption properties with precious metal ions (Au(III) and Pd(II)). CHT-glu adsorbents were prepared at variable glu ratios and characterized via complementary spectral (IR, C solids NMR, XPS) and thermogravimetry methods.

Design of composite chitosan/algae/zeolite by freeze- or air-drying: A comparative adsorbent analysis for optimized removal of brilliant green dye.

A bio-composite material was developed that contains chitosan, food-grade algae, and zeolite for the removal of brilliant green (BG) dye. The synthesized bio-composite was dried via two different methods (air-drying; AD, and freeze-drying; FD). The physicochemical characterization of air-dried chitosan-algae-zeolite (Cs-Alg-Zl-AD) and freeze-dried chitosan-algae-zeolite (Cs-Alg-Zl-FD) were investigated by spectroscopy (FTIR, SEM-EDX, and XPS), diffraction (XRD), surface charge via pH, specific surface area (SSA) and elemental analyses.

Freeze-drying synthesis of mesoporous magnetic grafted chitosan/calcium oxide nanoparticle for remazol brilliant blue dye removal: A statistical optimization.

Herein, a mesoporous magnetic chitosan-salicylaldehyde/calcium oxide nanoparticle (CS-SL/CaO/FeO) biocomposite adsorbent that was prepared via freeze-drying. The CS-SL/CaO/FeO was utilized for the adsorption of ramazol brilliant blue (RBB) dye from aqueous solution. The physicochemical properties of the CS-SL/CaO/FeO were evaluated using diverse characterization techniques, including BET, XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDX, CHNS, and pH.

Stabilization of Oil-in-Water Pickering Emulsions by Surface-Functionalized Cellulose Hydrogel.

An amphiphilic cellulose () hydrogel was synthesized via grafting of quaternary ammonium groups onto cellulose. The structural properties of were characterized via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)/C solid-state NMR spectroscopy, elemental (CHN) analysis, particle size distribution (PSD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and wettability was assessed through contact angle measurements. Pickering emulsions of apolar oils in water were prepared using variable weights of the hydrogel as the stabilizing agent, along with different methods of agitation (mechanical shaking and sonication).

Polysaccharide biocomposites with tunable adsorption and antipathogen activity via surface immobilization of chitosan onto modified flax fibers.

Flax fiber modified composite (FFMC) duplex systems with unique sorbent and antipathogen properties were developed by physisorption of chitosan onto modified flax fibers by a facile method. Complementary characterization of the FFMCs (Raman, NMR, and IR, SEM, XRD, TGA and BET analysis) revealed variable composite morphology with incremental chitosan doping and supramolecular interactions between the fiber substrate and immobilized chitosan. Dye adsorption profiles of FFMCs with Rose Bengal corroborated the role of physisorption with an adsorption capacity that rises to 17.

A Polyphenol Decorated Hybrid Biomaterial: Structure-Function, Release Profiles, Sorption, and Antipathogenic Effects.

Herein, nonwoven alkali modified flax substrates were coated with incremental levels of chitosan, followed by immobilization of tannic acid, via a facile "dip-coating" strategy to yield a unique hierarchal "triplex" hybrid biomaterial, denoted as "THB". The characterization of the physicochemical properties of THB employed complementary spectroscopic (IR, Raman, and NMR) techniques, which support the role of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions between the components: chitosan as the secondary biopolymer coating and the tertiary adsorbed polyphenols. XRD and SEM techniques provide further structural insight that confirms the unique semicrystalline nature and porous hierarchal structure of the biocomposite.

Chitosan-Polyaniline (Bio)Polymer Hybrids by Two Pathways: A Tale of Two Biocomposites.

Previous research highlights the potential of polyaniline-based biocomposites as unique adsorbents for humidity sensors. This study examines several preparative routes for creating polyaniline (PANI) and chitosan (CHT) composites: Type 1-in situ polymerization of aniline with CHT; Type 2-molecular association in acidic aqueous media; and a control, Type 3-physical mixing of PANI and CHT powders (without solvent). The study aims to differentiate the bonding nature (covalent vs.

A Novel Size-Based Centrifugal Microfluidic Design to Enrich and Magnetically Isolate Circulating Tumor Cells from Blood Cells through Biocompatible Magnetite-Arginine Nanoparticles.

This paper presents a novel centrifugal microfluidic approach (so-called lab-on-a-CD) for magnetic circulating tumor cell (CTC) separation from the other healthy cells according to their physical and acquired chemical properties. This study enhances the efficiency of CTC isolation, crucial for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. CTCs are cells that break away from primary tumors and travel through the bloodstream; however, isolating CTCs from blood cells is difficult due to their low numbers and diverse characteristics.

Magnetic Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized by Superhydrophilic Polymer Brushes with Exceptional Kinetics and Catalysis.

Stimuli-responsive catalysts with exceptional kinetics and complete recoverability for efficient recyclability are essential in, for example, converting pollutants and hazardous organic compounds into less harmful chemicals. Here, we used a novel approach to stabilize silver nanoparticles (NPs) through magneto/hydro-responsive anionic polymer brushes that consist of poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) moieties at the amine functional groups of chitosan. Two types of responsive catalyst systems with variable silver loading (wt.

A Highly Sensitive Chitosan-Based SERS Sensor for the Trace Detection of a Model Cationic Dye.

The rapid detection of contaminants in water resources is vital for safeguarding the environment, where the use of eco-friendly materials for water monitoring technologies has become increasingly prioritized. In this context, the role of biocomposites in the development of a SERS sensor is reported in this study. Grafted chitosan was employed as a matrix support for Ag nanoparticles (NPs) for the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS).

Low adsorption affinity of athabasca oil sands naphthenic acid fraction compounds to a peat-mineral mixture.

Much of the toxicity in oil sands process-affected water in Athabasca oil sands tailings has been attributed to naphthenic acids (NAs) and associated naphthenic acid fraction compounds (NAFCs). Previous work has characterized the environmental behaviour and fate of these compounds, particularly in the context of constructed treatment wetlands. There is evidence that wetlands can attenuate NAFCs in natural and engineered contexts, but relative contributions of chemical, biotic, and physical adsorption with sequestration require deconvolution.

Removal of contaminants present in water and wastewater by cyclodextrin-based adsorbents: A bibliometric review from 1993 to 2022.

Cyclodextrin (CD), a cyclic oligosaccharide from enzymatic starch breakdown, plays a crucial role in pharmaceuticals, food, agriculture, textiles, biotechnology, chemicals, and environmental applications, including water and wastewater treatment. In this study, a statistical analysis was performed using VOSviewer and Citespace to scrutinize 2038 articles published from 1993 to 2022. The investigation unveiled a notable upsurge in pertinent articles and citation counts, with China and USA contributing the highest publication volumes.

Chitosan Biocomposites with Variable Cross-Linking and Copper-Doping for Enhanced Phosphate Removal.

The fabrication of chitosan (CH) biocomposite beads with variable copper (Cu) ion doping was achieved with a glutaraldehyde cross-linker (CL) through three distinct methods: (1) formation of CH beads was followed by imbibition of Cu(II) ions (CH--Cu) without CL; (2) cross-linking of the CH beads, followed by imbibition of Cu(II) ions (CH--CL-Cu); and (3) cross-linking of pristine CH, followed by bead formation with Cu(II) imbibing onto the beads (CH-CL--Cu). The biocomposites (CH--Cu, CH--CL-Cu, and CH-CL--Cu) were characterized via spectroscopy (FTIR, C solid NMR, XPS), SEM, TGA, equilibrium solvent swelling methods, and phosphate adsorption isotherms. The results reveal variable cross-linking and Cu(II) doping of the CH beads, in accordance with the step-wise design strategy.

Evaluation of a granular Cu-modified chitosan biocomposite for sustainable sulfate removal from aqueous media: A batch and fixed-bed column study.

Adsorption-based treatment of sulfate contaminated water sources present challenges due to its favourable hydration characteristics. Herein, a copper-modified granular chitosan-based biocomposite (CHP-Cu) was prepared and characterized for its sulfate adsorption properties at neutral pH via batch equilibrium and fixed-bed column studies. The CHP-Cu adsorbent was characterized by complementary methods: spectroscopy (IR, Raman, X-ray photoelectron), thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) and pH-based surface charge analysis.

Enhancing cationic dye removal via biocomposite formation between chitosan and food grade algae: Optimization of algae loading and adsorption parameters.

Herein, a natural material including chitosan (CTS) and algae (food-grade algae, FGA) was exploited to attain a bio-adsorbent (CTS/FGA) for enhanced methyl violet 2B dye removal. A study of the FGA loading into CTS matrix showed that the best mixing ratio between CTS and FGA to be used for the MV 2B removal was 50 %:50 % (CTS/FGA; 50:50 w/w). The present study employed the Box-Behnken design (RSM-BBD) to investigate the impact of three processing factors, namely CTS/FGA-(50:50) dose (0.

Mesoporous activated carbon derived from fruit by-product by pyrolysis induced chemical activation: optimization and mechanism for fuchsin basic dye removal.

In this study, pineapple crown (PC) feedstock residues were utilized as a potential precursor toward producing activated carbon (PCAC) pyrolysis induced with ZnCl activation. The PCAC has a surface area (457.8 m/g) and a mesoporous structure with an average pore diameter of 3.