Anti-CV2/CRMP5 autoantibodies as drivers of sensory neuron excitability and pain in rats.

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes arise from autoimmune reactions against nervous system antigens due to a maladaptive immune response to a peripheral cancer. Patients with small cell lung carcinoma or malignant thymoma can develop an autoimmune response against the CV2/collapsin response mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) antigen, with approximately 80% of these patients experiencing painful neuropathies. Here we investigate the mechanisms underlying anti-CV2/CRMP5 autoantibodies (CV2/CRMP5-Abs)-related pain and find that patient-derived CV2/CRMP5-Abs bind to their target on rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and superficial laminae of the spinal cord, to induce DRG neuron hyperexcitability and mechanical hypersensitivity.

A GORTEC survey on low-risk CTV-P2 delineation in head and neck cancers.

Purpose: An international consensus was established in 2018 to standardise practice using geometric (5 + 5 mm) expansion around GTV-P for definitive radiotherapy of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNC). The GORTEC (French HNC Oncology and Radiotherapy Group) conducted a survey to assess the level of agreement about CTV-P2 delineation using a "formalised consensus method".

Methods: The 32 proposals of the 2018 consensus on CTV-P2 and 6 additional GORTEC proposals were submitted to 13 GORTEC radiation oncologists (RO).

Rapid On-Site Histopathological Analysis of Kidney Biopsy With Dynamic Full-Field Optical Coherence Tomography.

Introduction: Kidney histology preparation requires a multistep process that is usually responsible for delayed results. This study introduces dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography (D-FF-OCT) as a label-free alternative to overcome the limitations of traditional histopathology for on-site kidney pathology assessment.

Methods: Two patient cohorts were considered, with a total of 31 patients included in the study; one cohort involved patients requiring biopsy of transplant kidney, and the other involved patients requiring biopsy of native kidney.

Reverse-normal immunopurification: An effective approach for purifying recombinant erythropoietin from its analogues in doping analysis.

Background: Recombinant erythropoietin (rEPO) is commonly used in therapy but may be abused in sports to enhance endurance. In doping analysis, rEPO can be detected in human urine or blood samples at picogram (pg) levels based on its slightly higher molecular weight (MW) than that of endogenous EPO using western blotting (WB). However, a type of variant erythropoietin (VAR-EPO) encoded by the EPO c.

Identification of Hepatic-like EPO as a Cause of Polycythemia.

Background: Secondary erythrocytosis often results from conditions that cause tissue hypoxia or an improper increase in erythropoietin (EPO) production. EPO, the major regulator of erythropoiesis, has a complex and tightly regulated expression during development, with a liver-to-kidney switch shortly after birth.

Methods: We identified six families with erythrocytosis that was associated with circulating EPO levels within the normal range and characterized as a novel molecular and functional entity.

First Prenatal Case of Genotypically and Phenotypically Overlapping Double Molecular Diagnosis of Van den Ende-Gupta and 22q11.2 Deletion Syndromes.

Background: Multiple molecular diagnoses (MMD) involve distinct or overlapping phenotypes. They are not so rare in the field of congenital anomalies, given an overall 3.5%-8% rate.

Optimizing Photoneuromodulation Techniques to Evaluate the Role of Green Light-Emitting Diodes in Pain Management.

Despite extensive research and the identification of numerous analgesic targets, the range of pharmacological treatments available for pain remains limited. However, a potential paradigm shift could introduce a new wave of non-pharmacological pain treatments with remarkable safety, efficacy, and tolerability. One promising area of investigation is photoneuromodulation using green light-emitting diodes (GLED, 525 nm), which have shown potential in alleviating pain in both acute and chronic conditions, leading to numerous preclinical and clinical studies exploring the efficacy of this therapy.

Genetic editing of primary human dorsal root ganglion neurons using CRISPR-Cas9.

CRISPR-Cas9 is now the leading method for genome editing and is advancing for the treatment of human disease. CRIPSR has promise in treating neurological diseases, but traditional viral-vector-delivery approaches have neurotoxicity limiting their use. Here we describe a simple method for non-viral transfection of primary human DRG (hDRG) neurons for CRISPR-Cas9 editing.

Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL): The LYSA pragmatic guidelines.

Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a distinct subtype of large B-cell lymphoma with unique clinical, histopathological, and molecular characteristics. Despite its aggressive nature, PMBCL has a high cure rate when managed appropriately. Advances in the understanding of PMBCL biological characteristics, coupled with improvements in diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches, have significantly improved patient outcomes in recent years.

Performance assessment of ChatGPT 4, ChatGPT 3.5, Gemini Advanced Pro 1.5 and Bard 2.0 to problem solving in pathology in French language.

Unlabelled: Digital teaching diversifies the ways of knowledge assessment, as natural language processing offers the possibility of answering questions posed by students and teachers.

Objective: This study evaluated ChatGPT's, Bard's and Gemini's performances on second year of medical studies' (DFGSM2) Pathology exams from the Health Sciences Center of Dijon (France) in 2018-2022.

Methods: From 2018 to 2022, exam scores, discriminating powers and discordance rates were retrieved.

The conotoxin Contulakin-G reverses hypersensitivity observed in rodent models of cancer-induced bone pain without inducing tolerance or motor disturbance.

As the incidence and survival rates of patients with cancer continues to grow, an increasing number of people are living with comorbidities, which often manifests as cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). The majority of patients with CIBP report poor pain control from currently available analgesics. A conotoxin, Contulakin-G (CGX), has been demonstrated to be an antinociceptive agent in postsurgical and neuropathic pain states via a neurotensin receptor 2 (NTSR2)-mediated pathway.

Polypoid endometriosis-An exceptional subtype of endometriosis mimicking an aggressive pelvic cancer.

Polypoid endometriosis is a rare manifestation of endometriosis, which may mimic pelvic cancer. This subtype commonly encountered in post-menopausal women may be wrongly mistaken for a neoplasm on clinical, radiological, perioperative or pathologic assessments leading to inadequate treatment.

Mechanism, and treatment of anti-CV2/CRMP5 autoimmune pain.

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes arise from autoimmune reactions against nervous system antigens due to a maladaptive immune response to a peripheral cancer. Patients with small cell lung carcinoma or malignant thymoma can develop an autoimmune response against the CV2/collapsin response mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) antigen. For reasons that are not understood, approximately 80% of patients experience painful neuropathies.

Venom-inspired somatostatin receptor 4 (SSTR4) agonists as new drug leads for peripheral pain conditions.

Unlabelled: Persistent pain affects one in five people worldwide, often with severely debilitating consequences. Current treatment options, which can be effective for mild or acute pain, are ill-suited for moderate-to-severe persistent pain, resulting in an urgent need for new therapeutics. In recent years, the somatostatin receptor 4 (SSTR ), which is expressed in sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system, has emerged as a promising target for pain relief.

Sudden Infant Death Associated with Rhinovirus Infection.

A less than one-month-old infant with symptoms of rhinitis died unexpectedly in his sleep. He was not born prematurely and had no known underlying disease. Cerebrospinal fluid, nasopharyngeal and lung samples, and rectal swab were found to be positive for subgroup A rhinovirus, while the blood was negative.

[Contribution of connected prescriptions (NetSIG) for the management of molecular pathology exams].

Introduction: This study describes our experience implementing a connected prescription software (NetSIG, Terascop) for molecular pathology exams.

Material And Methods: NetSIG was set up for liquid biopsies and tissue testing. After registration and activation of regional pathology laboratories, NetSIG was implemented for external then internal prescriptions.

Recognition of intraglomerular histological features with deep learning in protocol transplant biopsies and their association with kidney function and prognosis.

Background: The Banff Classification may not adequately address protocol transplant biopsies categorized as normal in patients experiencing unexplained graft function deterioration. This study seeks to employ convolutional neural networks to automate the segmentation of glomerular cells and capillaries and assess their correlation with transplant function.

Methods: A total of 215 patients were categorized into three groups.

Head and neck cancer patients under radiotherapy undergoing skin application of hydrogel dressing or hyaluronic acid: results from a prospective, randomized study.

Purpose: Acute radiodermatitis (ARD) is a frequent side effect of radiotherapy, a therapeutic option for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). It is responsible for pain, quality of life (QoL) impairment, and increased risk of treatment discontinuation, which may compromise the prognosis for patients. Local therapies to prevent or alleviate ARD have been proposed without providing any high level of evidence to establish recommendations.

Neointimal myofibroblasts contribute to maintaining Th1/Tc1 and Th17/Tc17 inflammation in giant cell arteritis.

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis (GCA) through their capacity to produce chemokines recruiting T cells and monocytes in the arterial wall and their ability to migrate and proliferate in the neointima where they acquire a myofibroblast (MF) phenotype, leading to vascular stenosis. This study aimed to investigate if MFs could also impact T-cell polarization. Confocal microscopy was used to analyze fresh fragments of temporal artery biopsies (TABs).

Dried blood spots for erythropoietin analysis: Detection of micro-doses, EPO c.577del variant and comparison with in-competition matching urine samples.

The abuse of recombinant erythropoietin (rEPO) and other erythropoietin (EPO) receptor agonists (ERAs) in sports prompted the need for sensitive detection methods of these substances. Dried blood spot (DBS) samples offer an easy solution for simultaneous collection of blood and urine during a doping control, but sensitivity issues are often presented as a challenge for routine EPO analysis from DBS. Its potential use for detecting rEPO micro-doses and the EPO gene c.