MRI capacity assessment for prostate cancer screening in five sites of Europe.

Recognizing prostate cancer (PCa) as a significant public health challenge, the European Union, in 2022, recommended for organized screening programs incorporating PSA testing with MRI for risk stratification. This study assessed the MRI capacity and readiness of five pilot implementation sites in Europe within the PRostate cancer Awareness and Initiative for Screening Europe (PRAISE-U) project: Lithuania, Poland, Ireland, and two Spanish regions (Manresa and Galicia). Data included MRI types, waiting times, diagnostic quality, radiologist experience, and referral pathways.

Risk-stratified Approach to Implementing Population-based Prostate Cancer Screening in Five Pilot Sites in the European Union: A Protocol for the PRAISE-U Project.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major public health concern for men globally and the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men in the European Union (EU). Despite large trials suggesting benefits from early detection of PCa, risks of overdiagnosis and overtreatment are evident. In 2022, the EU Commission proposed introducing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing for men in an organised setting, in combination with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning as a follow-up test to minimise these risks.

Monitoring of prostate cancer screening in the European Union: development of key performance indicators through the PRAISE-U project.

Background: Monitoring and evaluation of prostate cancer (PCa) screening is key to ensure that the programme achieves the desired objectives. Utilizing a set of prioritized, feasible and harmonized key performance indicators (KPIs) is crucial for this purpose. We describe the methodology used to identify the PCa screening KPIs and the outcome of this process within the scope of the EU-funded PRostate cancer Awareness and Initiative for Screening in the EU (PRAISE-U) project.

Long-term efficacy and safety of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Moreau Polish substrain in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Introduction: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Moreau is under-represented in literature and comparisons with other BCG strains are rare.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective data analysis in patients with intermediate or high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to assess effectiveness and safety of BCG Moreau Polish substrain to BCG RIVM. The primary objective was to describe the real-world effectiveness of BCG Moreau in the treatment of patients with NMIBC in terms of recurrence free survival (RFS) 2 years post-treatment initiation compared to BCG RIVM.

Effect of Variations on the Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma Risk and Overall Survival.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 90-95% of all kidney cancers in adults, with clear cell RCC (ccRCC) being the most frequently identified subtype. RCC is known for its responsiveness to immunotherapy, making it an area of significant research interest. Immune checkpoint (IC) molecules, which regulate immune surveillance, are established therapeutic targets in RCC.

Treatment of muscle-invasive urothelial cancer with nivolumab (CheckMate 274 study): a plain language summary.

What Is This Summary About?: This is a summary of a paper published in a medical journal that describes the results of a study called CheckMate 274. This study looked at a new treatment for muscle-invasive urothelial cancer, a type of cancer found in the urinary tract that has spread from the inner lining of the urinary tract or bladder and into the surrounding muscle wall where it can then spread to other parts of the body. The standard treatment for muscle-invasive urothelial cancer is surgery to remove affected parts of the urinary tract.

The Variations' in Genes Encoding TIM-3 and Its Ligand, Galectin-9, Influence on ccRCC Risk and Prognosis.

Renal cell cancer is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults, and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most diagnosed type. T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain-containing-3 (TIM-3) belongs to immunological checkpoints that are key regulators of the immune response. One of the known TIM-3 ligands is galectin-9 ().

Variation in the gene encoding the co-inhibitory molecule BTLA is associated with survival in patients treated for clear cell renal carcinoma - results of a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: The successful introduction of immune checkpoint blockade approaches to renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment indicates the importance of molecules regulating the T cell response to RCC risk and progression.

Material And Methods: In this study, we evaluate the association of variations in the , and genes with overall survival (OS) of RCC patients and specifically clear cell RCC (ccRCC) patients. The following single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously genotyped using the RFLP method or TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays were analyzed: gene: c.

Adjuvant Nivolumab versus Placebo in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: The role of adjuvant treatment in high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma after radical surgery is not clear.

Methods: In a phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, we assigned patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma who had undergone radical surgery to receive, in a 1:1 ratio, either nivolumab (240 mg intravenously) or placebo every 2 weeks for up to 1 year. Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy before trial entry was allowed.

The influences of selected clotting and fibrinolysis factors on survival of patients with kidney tumors - a prospective study.

Introduction: Multiple studies suggest that cancer leads to activation of clotting and fibrinolysis pathways, elevating the risk of thromboembolic events. Kidney cancer is often complicated by clotting disorders. In this study, we hypothesized that preoperative clotting and fibrinolysis parameters are altered in healthy volunteers and kidney tumor patients.

Determinants of survival in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy: The impact of serum creatinine level.

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers in Europe and is mostly found in men. Cystectomy is the treatment for invasive tumors that infiltrate the muscle of the bladder. This procedure is associated with a large number of complications.

SNP-SNP Interaction in Genes Encoding PD-1/PD-L1 Axis as a Potential Risk Factor for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

PD-1/PD-L1 axis plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and prevention from autoimmunity; however, in the tumor microenvironment, PD-1/PD-L1 interaction is responsible for the evasion of immune surveillance by tumor cells. We therefore hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding PD-1 and PD-L1 molecules are associated with the development and outcome of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here we genotyped nine polymorphisms: five of : rs36084323G>A, rs11568821G>A, rs2227981C>T, rs10204525G>A, rs7421861T>C and four of : rs822335C>T, rs4143815G>C, rs4742098A>G, rs10815225G>C in 237 RCC patients (including 208 with clear cell RCC (ccRCC)) and 256 controls, with application of allelic discrimination method with use of TaqMan Assays.

Pregnancy and delivery in a patient with a Studer orthotopic ileal neobladder.

Pregnancies in patients after cystectomy with urinary diversion, especially after the construction of a continent urinary reservoir, are rare. Experience in this field is limited and mainly concerns patients with congenital disorders, neurogenic diseases or trauma. In this paper, we report the outcome of pregnancy, delivery and the postpartum period in a 27-year old woman with a Studer ileal orthotopic neobladder after radical cystectomy, performed after the diagnosis of a malignant tumor at the age of 14.

How to lower postoperative complications after radical cystectomy - a review.

Introduction: Lowering morbidity and mortality after RC is subject of considerable interest. Lately, many evidence-based data on improvements in operative technique, anesthetic management, and patient care have been published. In this article, we present a review of literature on how to lower postoperative complications after RC.

Urological complications after renal transplantation - a single centre experience.

Introduction: Urological complications after renal transplantation occur in between 2.5% and 30% of all graft recipients. The aim of the study was to present 7 years of experience in urological treatment of patients with a transplanted kidney.

Salvage local therapy for radiation-recurrent prostate cancer - where are we?

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the most frequent cancer among males in Europe and a leading cause of cancer deaths, with similar proportion in other developed countries. For more than twenty years, external-beam radiation therapy, alongside with radical prostatectomy, has been used as a primary radical therapeutic approach for localized prostate cancer. Yet, EBRT failures relate to 22-69% following curative radiotherapy (± androgen deprivation therapy).

Uroplakins and their potential applications in urology.

Introduction: Urothelium is a highly specialized type of epithelium covering the interior of the urinary tract. One of the structures responsible for its unique features are urothelial plaques formed from glycoprotein heteropolymers, the uroplakins. Four types of uroplakins are known - UPIa, UPIb, UPII, UPIII.

Interdisciplinary Aspects of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Symptomatology in a Series of 100 Cases.

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder. Beside renal and skeletal complications, it has a wide variety of nonspecific symptoms from other organs that mimic other diseases and delay the diagnosis. In recent decades the clinical profile of PHPT has evolved to less symptomatic forms.

Review of current optical diagnostic techniques for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Introduction: Urinary bladder urothelial cell carcinoma is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in Europe. After prostate, lung and colon cancers, bladder cancer rates as the fourth most common cancer in men in the world. Urinary bladder cancer detection, treatment, and staging have traditionally been based on an endoscopic examination - cystoscopy.

Patient comfort during flexible and rigid cystourethroscopy.

Introduction: Cystourethroscopy (CS) is an endoscopic method used to visualize the urethra and the bladder.

Aim: In this study, we prospectively evaluated pain in men undergoing cyclic cystoscopic assessment with rigid and flexible instruments after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURB).

Material And Methods: One hundred and twenty male patients who were under surveillance after a TURB procedure due to urothelial cell carcinoma and who had undergone at least one rigid cystourethroscopy in the past were enrolled in the trial.

Association of 3' nearby gene BTLA polymorphisms with the risk of renal cell carcinoma in the Polish population.

Objective: T cells play an important role in antitumor immunity, and molecules regulating T-cell activity could influence cancer susceptibility. The distinct role of coinhibitory receptors in immunosurveillance has been considered. B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is one of these receptors, which negatively regulate immune responses.

The Role of Transarterial Embolization in the Treatment of Renal Tumors.

Background: Renal arterial embolization (RAE) is one of the adjunctive methods in the treatment of renal tumors. Embolization is performed in patients prior to nephrectomy, in patients with inoperable renal tumors as palliative treatment.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to present and to analyze our own experiences in the embolization of renal tumors.

Prostate and Bladder Cancer Coexistence in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystoprostatectomy.

Background: According to the Polish National Cancer Registry, bladder cancer is the 4th most common cancer in the male population (7.0%), while prostate cancer takes 2nd place (14.0%).

[Uroplakins as markers of diseases of the urinary system].

An unique element of bladder urothelium is a multilayer membrane, which extends from the renal pelvis to the urethra. Urotelial membrane covers more than 90% of the inner portion of the bladder and is in direct contact with urine. Urothelium is composed of characteristic two-dimensional, asymmetric plaques, composed of uroplakins (UP), differentiated, hexagonally arranged proteins.