Relationship Between Household Social Risk and Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Adolescents: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Research suggests that household social risks are associated with worse mental health in adolescents, but prior studies have been limited. We evaluated the association between social risks and symptoms of depression and anxiety in adolescents 1 year later by conducting a retrospective cohort study at an integrated health system with 45 practices. Adolescents were screened for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and anxiety using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2).

Parent Preferences for Acute Respiratory Tract Infection Care.

Importance: Care is commonly sought for pediatric acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). The site where families seek ARTI care affects continuity, quality, and costs, but how parents of young children balance tradeoffs between care sites is unknown.

Objectives: To evaluate preferences for attributes of ARTI care sites among parents of young children using a discrete choice experiment (DCE).

Measuring Reliable Internet Connectivity Among Families with Children: Secondary Analysis of a US National Survey.

Background: Reliable internet connectivity is crucial for family participation in pediatric digital health care, including telehealth. Lack of internet connectivity is a barrier to pediatric telehealth access. While surveys commonly inquire about metrics, such as internet plan or device ownership, fewer measures exist for the reliability of internet connectivity when needed.

A Scoping Review of Patient Safety Checklists in Pediatrics.

Objective: To examine the utilization and effectiveness of safety checklists in pediatric clinical care.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Medline to identify studies related to the development and/or implementation of patient safety checklists in pediatrics. All study designs were included for citations published through September 2023.

Medication prescribing checklists and their impact on patient safety: A scoping review.

Objectives: Medication prescribing checklists and the impact on patient safety remain unexplored. This scoping review aimed to identify key elements of these checklists and evaluate their impact on patient safety outcomes.

Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase for studies reporting checklists in medication prescribing practices and the impact on patient safety outcomes as of October 23, 2024.

Association Between Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Discrimination and Youth Physical Health: Findings From a Nationally Representative Sample.

Purpose: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including discrimination, are known risk factors for negative outcomes later in life. Recently, sexual orientation or gender identity (SOGI)-based discrimination was recognized as an ACE. However, its association with health outcomes among youth remains understudied.

Shared Decision Making in Telehealth Versus In-Person Pediatric Primary Care.

: Expansion of telehealth in pediatrics has occurred without evaluation of how communication, such as shared decision making (SDM), is impacted. : We recorded telehealth and in-person pediatric primary care visits and then scored them using an adaptation of the Informed Decisions Measure (IDM). We compared the total score for telehealth versus in-person through mixed effect models with random intercept for clinicians.

Health-Related Social Needs Intervention for Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Their Caregivers: An Exploratory Study Using Human-Centered Design.

Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasingly common and projected to impact over 200,000 adolescents and young adults by 2060. Youth with T2D frequently experience health-related social needs (HRSN) that increase their risk for poor outcomes. Using human-centered design methodology, we explored how best to address HRSN in pediatric endocrinology clinics.

A multicenter randomized trial to compare automatic versus as-needed follow-up for children hospitalized with common infections: The FAAN-C trial protocol.

Introduction: Physicians commonly recommend automatic primary care follow-up visits to children being discharged from the hospital. While automatic follow-up provides an opportunity to address postdischarge needs, the alternative is as-needed follow-up. With this strategy, families monitor their child's symptoms and decide if they need a follow-up visit in the days after discharge.

Primary Care Enhanced Access Services and the Association With Nonurgent Pediatric Emergency Department Utilization and Child Opportunity Index.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the association between primary care practice characteristics (enhanced access services) and practice-level rates of nonurgent emergency department (ED) visits using ED and practice-level data. Survey data suggest that enhanced access services within a child's primary care practice may be associated with reduced nonurgent ED visits.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of nonurgent ED visits to a tertiary pediatric hospital in Western Pennsylvania with nearly 85,000 annual ED visits.

Pediatric Primary Care Clinicians' Perspectives on Telemedicine Use, 2020 Versus 2021.

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Antibiotic Receipt for Pediatric Telemedicine Visits With Primary Care vs Direct-to-Consumer Vendors.

Importance: Prior research found that pediatric direct-to-consumer (DTC) telemedicine visits are associated with more antibiotic prescribing than in-person primary care visits. It is unclear whether this difference is associated with modality of care (telemedicine vs in-person) or with the context of telemedicine care (primary care vs not primary care).

Objective: To compare antibiotic management during telemedicine visits with primary care practitioners (PCPs) vs commercial direct-to-consumer (DTC) telemedicine companies for pediatric acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs).

Parent Perceptions of Telemedicine for Acute Pediatric Respiratory Tract Infections: Sequential Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Since 2020, parents have had increasing opportunities to use telemedicine for their children, but how parents decide whether to use telemedicine for acute pediatric care relative to alternative sites of care is not clear. One of the most common reasons parents seek acute care for their children is for acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs).

Objective: This study aims to examine parental expectations of care via telemedicine for pediatric ARTIs, contrasting expectations of care delivered via primary care telemedicine and direct-to-consumer (DTC) telemedicine.

Family Caregivers of Children With Medical Complexity: Changes in Health-Related Quality of Life and Experiences of Care Coordination.

Objective: Examine the longitudinal association between family experiences of care coordination (FECC) and health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) for family caregivers of children with medical complexity (CMC).

Methods: A longitudinal survey of family caregivers of CMC was completed between July 2018 and June 2020. Baseline data were collected at initial contact with a regional complex care center; follow-up data were collected 12 to 16 months later.

Accuracy of a Single Financial Security Question to Screen for Social Needs.

Objectives: Screening for social needs is recommended during clinical encounters but multi-item questionnaires can be burdensome. We evaluate if a single question about financial stress can be used to prescreen for food insecurity, housing instability, or transportation needs.

Methods: We use retrospective medical record data from children (<11 years) seen at 45 primary pediatric care offices in 2022.

General and subspecialist pediatrician perspectives on barriers and strategies for referral: a latent profile analysis.

Background: Children in need of pediatric subspecialty care may encounter multiple barriers, and multiple strategies have been suggested to improve access. The purpose of this study was to describe the perceptions of general and subspecialty pediatric physicians regarding barriers to subspecialty care and the value of strategies to improve subspecialty access.

Methods: We surveyed a national sample of 1680 general pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists in May and June 2020 regarding 11 barriers to subspecialty care and 9 strategies to improve access to subspecialty care, selected from recent literature.

Adolescent Perspectives on the Use of Telemedicine for Confidential Health Care: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study.

Purpose: Telemedicine can improve access to adolescent health care, but adolescents may experience barriers to accessing this care confidentially. Gender-diverse youth (GDY) may especially benefit from telemedicine through increased access to geographically limited adolescent medicine subspecialty care but may have unique confidentiality needs. In an exploratory analysis, we examined adolescents' perceived acceptability, preferences, and self-efficacy related to using telemedicine for confidential care.

Healthcare Utilization Among Children Receiving Permanent Supportive Housing.

Background And Objectives: Permanent supportive housing (PSH) integrates long-term housing and supports for families and individuals experiencing homelessness. Although PSH is frequently provided to families with children, little is known about the impacts of PSH among children. We examined changes in health care visits among children receiving PSH compared with similar children who did not receive PSH.

School Nurse Perspectives on Collaboration With Primary Care Providers.

Background: School nurses are rarely integrated into primary care teams to their full potential. We aimed to characterize school nurses' perceptions related to current and optimal collaboration with primary care providers (PCPs) and identify actionable solutions to improve efficiency, quality, and coordination of pediatric care.

Methods: We conducted and qualitatively analyzed interviews with school nurses to characterize structures, processes, and perceived benefits of optimized school nurse-PCP collaboration.

Parent Care-Seeking Decisions for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in the United States: A Mental Models Approach.

Objective: To understand US parent health care-seeking decisions in the context of multiple in-person and telehealth care options. As the health care landscape evolves, new research is needed to explain how parents now decide when and where to seek acute pediatric health care.

Methods: We applied a mental models approach, focusing on the archetypal example of care-seeking for pediatric acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), by first reviewing pediatric ARTI guidelines with 16 health care professionals to inform 40 subsequent semi-structured interviews with parents of young children in 2021.

Parent-Reported Use of Pediatric Primary Care Telemedicine: Survey Study.

Background: Telemedicine delivered from primary care practices became widely available for children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: Focusing on children with a usual source of care, we aimed to examine factors associated with use of primary care telemedicine.

Methods: In February 2022, we surveyed parents of children aged ≤17 years on the AmeriSpeak panel, a probability-based panel of representative US households, about their children's telemedicine use.