Association of gestational thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity with gestational diabetes: a systematic review and individual participant meta-analysis.

Background: Pregnancy is a state of increased metabolic demand that necessitates major changes in endocrine physiology. Gestational thyroid dysfunction and gestational diabetes are common endocrine conditions of pregnancy that frequently coincide. Although the effects of thyroid hormones on glucose metabolism are well documented, important knowledge gaps remain in terms of the extent and clinical relevance of these effects during pregnancy.

In utero exposure to a mixture of phthalates, parabens, and other phenols and menstrual cycle characteristics in adolescents.

Phthalates, parabens, and other phenols are present in consumer products humans use every day, including personal care products and food packaging. Exposure to these chemicals may have endocrine disrupting effects. The menstrual cycle is guided by the rise and fall of hormones, which may be disrupted by exposure to these chemicals.

A Community-Centered and Antiracist Model of Whole-Person Perinatal Care: Beloved Birth Black Centering.

Beloved Birth Black Centering (Beloved) is a community-centered and antiracist model of whole-person perinatal care, created by and for Black people in Alameda County, California. In 2019, a diverse group of birth equity advocates within Oakland's public safety net health care system and public health department came together to design Beloved, following the leadership of Black midwives, public health practitioners, physicians, and doulas. Beloved centers the expertise and vision of Black women and birthing people while working to redefine Black perinatal care and transform Black birthing experiences and outcomes.

Blood transcriptomic associations of epigenetic age in adolescents.

Epigenetic aging in early life remains poorly characterized, and patterns of gene expression can provide biologically meaningful insights. Blood DNA methylation was measured using the Illumina EPICv1.0 array and RNA sequencing was performed in blood in 174 adolescent participants (age range: 14-15 years) from the CHAMACOS cohort.

Periods of susceptibility for associations between phthalate exposure and preterm birth: Results from a pooled analysis of 16 US cohorts.

Background: Phthalate exposure during pregnancy has been associated with preterm birth, but mechanisms of action may depend on the timing of exposure.

Objective: Investigate critical periods of susceptibility during pregnancy for associations between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and preterm birth.

Methods: Individual-level data were pooled from 16 US cohorts (N = 6045, n = 539 preterm births).

Prenatal residential proximity to endocrine disrupting agricultural pesticides and menstrual cycle characteristics among Latina adolescents in California.

Adolescents' menstrual cycle characteristics can be 'vital signs' of health and impact quality of life. While endocrine disrupting pesticides are commonly used in agriculture, limited research exists on how exposure might affect the adolescent menstrual cycle. We examined the association between prenatal residential proximity to 11 agricultural pesticides and menstrual cycle characteristics at 16 years of age among 273 Latina adolescents from the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study.

The association between perceived neighborhood social cohesion and intimate partner violence in a refugee camp in Dollo Ado, Ethiopia.

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of gender-based violence affecting women and girls worldwide and is exacerbated in humanitarian settings. There is evidence that neighborhood social processes influence IPV. Perceived neighborhood social cohesion (P-NSC)-a measure of community trust, attachment, safety, and reciprocity-may be protective against women's experience of and men's perpetration of IPV and controlling behaviors.

Participant perspectives related to individual chemical exposure report-back approaches in three environmental health studies.

Returning results to participants of environmental exposure studies has become more common in recent years. Despite evidence of benefits for study participants, there are challenges in communicating results to people with limited resources or capacity to mitigate chemical exposures. We interviewed N = 54 participants and compared exposure report-back conducted in 2010-2013 across three susceptible study populations: 1) low-income pregnant individuals in the Chemicals in Our Bodies (CIOB) study; 2) the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) cohort; and 3) early childhood educators (ECE).

Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes in US-Born and Non-US-Born Black Pregnant People in the US.

Importance: With disparate Black maternal health outcomes in the US and a steadily expanding non-US-born Black population, it is beneficial to investigate Black maternal health outcomes by country of origin.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of maternal morbidity and infant birth outcomes between US-born and non-US-born Black populations in the US.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study included all registered hospital births in the US from the 2021 National Vital Statistics Systems (NVSS) Natality Data.

Measured air quality impacts after teaching parents about cooking ventilation with a video: a pilot study.

Background: Cooking-related emissions contribute to air pollutants in the home and may influence children's health outcomes.

Objective: In this pilot study, we investigate the effects of a cooking ventilation intervention in homes with gas stoves, including a video-based educational intervention and range hood replacement (when needed) in children's homes.

Methods: This was a pilot (n = 14), before-after trial (clinicaltrials.

Prenatal Maternal Occupation and Child Epigenetic Age Acceleration in an Agricultural Region: NIMHD Social Epigenomics Program.

Importance: Research on fetal epigenetic programming suggests that the intrauterine environment can have long-term effects on offspring disease susceptibility.

Objective: To examine the association between prenatal maternal occupation and child epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) among a farmworker community.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included participants in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas, a prospective, Latino, prebirth cohort.

Prenatal exposure to environmental phenols and phthalates and altered patterns of DNA methylation in childhood.

Introduction: Epigenetic marks are key biomarkers linking the prenatal environment to health and development. However, DNA methylation associations and persistence of marks for prenatal exposure to multiple Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) in human populations have not been examined in great detail.

Methods: We measured Bisphenol-A (BPA), triclosan, benzophenone-3 (BP3), methyl-paraben, propyl-paraben, and butyl-paraben, as well as 11 phthalate metabolites, in two pregnancy urine samples, at approximately 13 and 26 weeks of gestation in participants of the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study (N = 309).

Organophosphate pesticide exposure and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Several studies have reported immune modulation by organophosphate (OP) pesticides, but the relationship between OP exposure and SARS-CoV-2 infection is yet to be studied. We used two different measures of OP pesticide exposure (urinary biomarkers (N = 154) and residential proximity to OP applications (N = 292)) to examine the association of early-childhood and lifetime exposure to OPs and risk of infection of SARS-CoV-2 using antibody data. Our study population consisted of young adults (ages 18-21 years) from the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) Study, a longitudinal cohort of families from a California agricultural region.

Menstrual Cycle Characteristics of U. S. Adolescents According to Gynecologic Age and Age at Menarche.

Study Objective: To characterize typical menstrual cycle characteristics in adolescents and determine how these differ with age at menarche or years since menarche (gynecologic age).

Methods: We surveyed 13 to 18-year-old U.S.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Phthalate Exposure and Preterm Birth: A Pooled Study of Sixteen U.S. Cohorts.

Background: Phthalate exposures are ubiquitous during pregnancy and may contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in preterm birth.

Objectives: We investigated race and ethnicity in the relationship between biomarkers of phthalate exposure and preterm birth by examining: ) how hypothetical reductions in racial and ethnic disparities in phthalate metabolites might reduce the probability of preterm birth; and ) exposure-response models stratified by race and ethnicity.

Methods: We pooled individual-level data on 6,045 pregnancies from 16 U.

Association between maternity care practitioner type and postpartum depression screening.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is increasingly common in the United States and poses a significant threat to maternal and neonatal health. Universal screening for postpartum depression is recommended by numerous organizations, including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, but is not achieved in practice.

Methods: A cross-sectional, weighted, state-representative study of California residents who gave birth in 2016 using the Listening to Mothers in California 2018 data set.

Cognitive Development and Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure in the CHAMACOS Cohort.

Background: Because fine particulate matter [PM, with aerodynamic diameter ()] is a ubiquitous environmental exposure, small changes in cognition associated with exposure could have great societal costs. Prior studies have demonstrated a relationship between exposure and cognitive development in urban populations, but it is not known whether these effects are similar in rural populations and whether they persist into late childhood.

Objectives: In this study, we tested for associations between prenatal exposure and both full-scale and subscale measures of IQ among a longitudinal cohort at age 10.

Association of Lifetime Exposure to Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) with Liver Inflammation and Metabolic Syndrome at Young Adulthood: Findings from the CHAMACOS Study.

Background: The prevalence of liver disorders and metabolic syndrome has increased among youth. Glyphosate, the most widely used herbicide worldwide, could contribute to the development of these conditions.

Objective: We aimed to assess whether lifetime exposure to glyphosate and its degradation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), is associated with elevated liver transaminases and metabolic syndrome among young adults.

Chemicals of concern in personal care products used by women of color in three communities of California.

Background: Personal care products (PCPs) may contain chemicals associated with adverse health effects. Prior studies found differences in product use by race/ethnicity and suggest some women are disproportionately exposed to chemicals of concern (CoCs).

Objective: We quantified chemicals linked to cancer, reproductive or developmental harm, or endocrine disruption in PCPs used by women of color.

The Association of Adolescent Gender Performance and Adult Intimate Partner Violence.

Purpose: A quarter of women and nearly 1 in 10 men in the United States have reported experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) that had lasting negative impacts at least once during their lifetime. To prevent IPV over the lifecourse, adolescence has been identified as an ideal period for healthy relationship education that addresses the various IPV risk factors. One of those risk factors is believing in traditional gender roles, but the behavioral aspect of gender performance has been understudied.

Associations Between Prenatal Urinary Biomarkers of Phthalate Exposure and Preterm Birth: A Pooled Study of 16 US Cohorts.

Importance: Phthalate exposure is widespread among pregnant women and may be a risk factor for preterm birth.

Objective: To investigate the prospective association between urinary biomarkers of phthalates in pregnancy and preterm birth among individuals living in the US.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Individual-level data were pooled from 16 preconception and pregnancy studies conducted in the US.

Parental Cohabitation and Breastfeeding Outcomes Among United States Adolescent Mothers.

Adolescent mothers in the United States experience disproportionately lower rates of breastfeeding compared to older mothers. Evidence suggests that paternal support helps improve breastfeeding outcomes; however, support is difficult to quantify. Parental cohabitation is easy to identify and could be used to quantify paternal support.

Differences in personal care product use by race/ethnicity among women in California: implications for chemical exposures.

Background: Personal care products may contain many chemicals, some of which are suspected endocrine disrupters. This is an important source of chemical exposure for women, but little is known about how chemical exposure differs among different races/ethnicities.

Objective: This study examines differences in personal care product use among Black, Latina, Vietnamese, Mixed Race, and White women in California.