Integration of CT and MRI imaging with plastination for enhanced veterinary anatomy education: a study on the crab-eating fox ().

Introduction: With the advancements in diagnostic imaging and its increasing use in veterinary medicine, it is essential for professionals to continuously update their knowledge and seek training in the anatomy of various wild animal species. Plastination allows for the preservation of biological tissues and their anatomical details, enhancing the study and identification of structures.

Methods: This study aimed (1) to describe in detail the anatomy of the thoracic and pelvic limbs of the crab-eating fox () using plastinated metameric sections correlated with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and (2) to analyze tissue shrinkage resulting from plastination.

Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma stone: is it a tumor?

Introduction: Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a benign epithelial tumor of the sellar and suprasellar region, and in children, it usually presents with cysts and calcifications.

Methods: In this study, ACP samples were collected, and after enzymatic digestion of the calcified component of these tumors, which were placed in culture to isolate possible cellular components, in vitro and in vivo viability analysis and characterization were performed.

Results: ACP-calcified component cells cultured in vitro were established showing the doubling time in 2 days, confirmed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.

Central Vein Sign and Paramagnetic Rim Lesions: Susceptibility Changes in Brain Tissues and Their Implications for the Study of Multiple Sclerosis Pathology.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common acquired inflammatory and demyelinating disease in adults. The conventional diagnostic of MS and the follow-up of inflammatory activity is based on the detection of hyperintense foci in T2 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lesions with brain-blood barrier (BBB) disruption in the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma. However, T2/FLAIR hyperintense lesions are not specific to MS and the MS pathology and inflammatory processes go far beyond focal lesions and can be independent of BBB disruption.

Left-sided epileptiform activity influences language lateralization in right mesial temporal sclerosis.

Objective: To investigate the association between left epileptiform activity and language laterality indices (LI) in patients with right mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS).

Methods: Twenty-two patients with right MTS and 22 healthy subjects underwent fMRI scanning while performing a language task. LI was calculated in multiple regions of interest (ROI).

Novel Gadolinium-Free Ultrasmall Nanostructured Positive Contrast for Magnetic Resonance Angiography and Imaging.

Nanostructured contrast agents are promising alternatives to Gd-based chelates in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques. A novel ultrasmall paramagnetic nanoparticle (UPN) was strategically designed to maximize the number of exposed paramagnetic sites and while minimizing , by decorating 3 nm titanium dioxide nanoparticles with suitable amounts of iron oxide. Its relaxometric parameters are comparable to those of gadoteric acid (GA) in agar phantoms, and the / ratio of 1.

Evaluation of multi-channel phase reconstruction methods for quantitative susceptibility mapping on postmortem human brain.

Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) is an established Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique with high potential in brain iron studies associated to several neurodegenerative diseases. Unlike other MRI techniques, QSM relies on phase images to estimate tissue's relative susceptibility, therefore requiring a reliable phase data. Phase images from a multi-channel acquisition should be reconstructed in a proper way.

Decompose quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to sub-voxel diamagnetic and paramagnetic components based on gradient-echo MRI data.

Purpose: A method named DECOMPOSE-QSM is developed to decompose bulk susceptibility measured with QSM into sub-voxel paramagnetic and diamagnetic components based on a three-pool complex signal model.

Methods: Multi-echo gradient echo signal is modeled as a summation of three weighted exponentials corresponding to three types of susceptibility sources: reference susceptibility, diamagnetic and paramagnetic susceptibility relative to the reference. Paramagnetic component susceptibility (PCS) and diamagnetic component susceptibility (DCS) maps are constructed to represent the sub-voxel compartments by solving for linear and nonlinear parameters in the model.

Effects of a 7-Day Meditation Retreat on the Brain Function of Meditators and Non-Meditators During an Attention Task.

Meditation as a cognitive enhancement technique is of growing interest in the field of health and research on brain function. The Stroop Word-Color Task (SWCT) has been adapted for neuroimaging studies as an interesting paradigm for the understanding of cognitive control mechanisms. Performance in the SWCT requires both attention and impulse control, which is trained in meditation practices.