Understanding metal organic chemical vapour deposition of monolayer WS: the enhancing role of Au substrate for simple organosulfur precursors.

We find that the use of Au substrate allows fast, self-limited WS2 monolayer growth using a simple sequential exposure pattern of low cost, low toxicity precursors, namely tungsten hexacarbonyl and dimethylsulfide (DMS). We use this model reaction system to fingerprint the technologically important metal organic chemical vapour deposition process by operando X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to address the current lack of understanding of the underlying fundamental growth mechanisms for WS2 and related transition metal dichalcogenides. Au effectively promotes the sulfidation of W with simple organosulfides, enabling WS2 growth with low DMS pressure (<1 mbar) and a suppression of carbon contamination of as-grown WS2, which to date has been a major challenge with this precursor chemistry.

Solar Water Splitting with a Hydrogenase Integrated in Photoelectrochemical Tandem Cells.

Hydrogenases (H ases) are benchmark electrocatalysts for H production, both in biology and (photo)catalysis in vitro. We report the tailoring of a p-type Si photocathode for optimal loading and wiring of H ase through the introduction of a hierarchical inverse opal (IO) TiO interlayer. This proton-reducing Si|IO-TiO |H ase photocathode is capable of driving overall water splitting in combination with a photoanode.

Impact of Patient Age and Histological Type on Radioactive Iodine Avidity of Recurrent Lesions of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: Age is a prognostic factor for recurrent differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and may be related to radioactive iodine (RAI) nonavidity. Indications for molecular-targeted drugs (MTDs) are currently limited to RAI-refractory DTC. Demonstrating refractoriness to RAI, mainly indicated by RAI nonavidity, may be a barrier to the introduction of MTDs for elderly patients.

Single metastasis of myxoid liposarcoma from the thigh to thyroid gland: a case report.

Background: Thyroid metastasis of soft tissue sarcoma is very rare, and the diagnosis is especially difficult when only a single lesion is present.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with myxoid liposarcoma of the right thigh and treated with wide resection. Two and a half years after the surgery, a growing low-density area was incidentally observed in the right lobe of his thyroid gland on follow-up chest computed tomography.

Obesity does not affect peri- and postoperative outcomes of transabdominal laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is the gold standard procedure for most adrenal tumors. Obesity is considered as a risk factor for surgical complications. This study aimed to evaluate whether obesity affects peri- and postoperative outcomes of transabdominal laparoscopic adrenalectomy using body mass index (BMI).

Synchronous bilateral pheochromocytomas and paraganglioma with novel germline mutation in MAX: a case report.

Background: Recent advance of genetic testing has contributed to the diagnosis of hereditary pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL). The clinical characteristics of hereditary PPGL are varying among the types of mutational genes. It is still difficult to specify the pathognomonic symptoms in the case of rare genetic mutations.

Feasibility of dose-dense epirubicin and cyclophosphamide with subcutaneous pegfilgrastim 3.6 mg support: a single-center prospective study in Japan.

Background: Dose-dense chemotherapy consisting of a combination of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (EC) improves the survival of patients with breast cancer. Although pegfilgrastim was used at a subcutaneous dose of 6.0 mg in a pivotal study of dose-dense EC treatment, pegfilgrastim at a dose of 3.

Overexpression of Derlin 3 is associated with malignant phenotype of breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide. Development of novel molecular targets is important to improve prognosis of BC patients. Derlin 3 (DERL3) gene is a member of derlin family, and its coding protein is critical to the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation mechanism.

Expression of regulatory factor X1 can predict the prognosis of breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women. Identifying novel biomarkers to predict prognosis accurately is important in managing this disease. The regulatory factor X1 () gene is a member of the regulatory factor X gene family.

Parameter Space of Atomic Layer Deposition of Ultrathin Oxides on Graphene.

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ultrathin aluminum oxide (AlO) films was systematically studied on supported chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene. We show that by extending the precursor residence time, using either a multiple-pulse sequence or a soaking period, ultrathin continuous AlO films can be achieved directly on graphene using standard HO and trimethylaluminum (TMA) precursors even at a high deposition temperature of 200 °C, without the use of surfactants or other additional graphene surface modifications. To obtain conformal nucleation, a precursor residence time of >2s is needed, which is not prohibitively long but sufficient to account for the slow adsorption kinetics of the graphene surface.

Postoperative elevation of CA15-3 due to pernicious anemia in a patient without evidence of breast cancer recurrence.

Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) is considered as a marker for breast cancer recurrence. However, we encountered a case where the patient showed postoperative elevation of the CA15-3 level due to pernicious anemia without evidence of breast cancer recurrence. The patient was a 60-year-old postmenopausal woman.

Diatom attachment inhibition: limiting surface accessibility through air entrapment.

Surfaces consisting of sub micron holes (0.420-0.765 μm) engineered into nanoparticle (12 nm) coatings were examined for marine antifouling behaviour that defines early stage settlement.

[A case of advanced gastric cancer that a medical therapy effect was provided grade 3 by a histopathological diagnosis after long-term chemotherapy].

A 64-year-old man underwent long-term chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis (cT3 N3 M0 P0, cStage IV). S-1 (120 mg/day) was orally administered for 14 days and CDDP (60 mg/m2) was administered 10 times by intravenous drip on day 8. Next, paclitaxel (PTX 80 mg/m2) was administered 12 times by intravenous drip on days 1, 8 and 15.

Influences of monosaccharides and its glycosidic linkage on infrared spectral characteristics of disaccharides in aqueous solutions.

The infrared spectral characteristics of ten different types of disaccharides (trehalose, kojibiose, nigerose, maltose, isomaltose, trehalulose, sucrose, turanose, maltulose, and palatinose) and five different types of monosaccharides (glucose, mannose, galactose, talose, and fructose) in aqueous solutions (H2O and D2O) were determined. The infrared spectra were collected using the Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FT-IR/ATR) method and comparisons between the degrees of absorption band-shift of the saccharide spectra in the H2O solution with those in the D2O solution with respect to the saccharide concentrations were done. The study revealed that the wavenumber shifts in the bands of mono- and disaccharides in the H2O and D2O solutions could be used as an indicator of the level of interaction between the saccharides and water.

Simple and rapid determination of metabolite content in plant cell culture medium using an FT-IR/ATR method.

A simple, rapid and accurate mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic method for simultaneously determining the product (ethanol) content and the nutrient (sugar) content in plant-cell culture media was developed using a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer equipped with an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) accessory. We assessed the potential of this method by comparing it to a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, and using the developed method to measure the ethanol and sugar contents simultaneously in liquid culture media with rice and tabacum cell suspensions, respectively. The experimental results suggest that the sugar consumption and ethanol production behaviors of the plant cell suspensions can be non-destructively and simultaneously monitored using the developed method.

Mid-infrared spectroscopic measurement of ionic dissociative materials in the metabolic pathway.

We determine the pH dependency of the mid-infrared spectra in aqueous solution of the organic dissociative materials in the metabolic pathway: saccharide phosphates (G6P, F6P), adenosine, and its phosphates (ATP, ADP, AMP). The series of molar absorbance spectra for these reagents were obtained in a pH range of about 2 to 11 with a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer equipped with a horizontal diamond attenuated total reflection (ATR) sampling accessory. We also provide a method of infrared spectral extraction of ionic dissociative materials by performing a linear least-square fitting utilizing the formulas of ionic dissociation equilibrium shift, and we obtain the infrared spectrum of each ionic species of the dissociative materials: G6P-, G6P2-; F6P-, F6P2-; ATP2-, ATP3-, ATP4-; ADP-, ADP2-, ADP3-; AMP, AMP-, AMP2-; and adenosine+, adenosine0.