Gradient Porous Flexible Pressure Sensors with the Relay Effect for High-Accuracy Braille-to-Speech Recognition.

The development of highly sensitive, wide linear-range flexible pressure sensors is crucial for practical applications in human-computer interaction, physiological signal detection, and motion monitoring. However, traditional flexible pressure sensors often suffer from limited compressibility in their structural design, resulting in rapid saturation of the detection range and low sensitivity, which hinder their commercial viability. In this study, we propose a straightforward electrospinning method to fabricate a thermoplastic polyurethane/carboxyl-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane (TPU/c-MWCNTs/PDMS) piezoresistive sensor featuring a gradient porous structure.