Effects of acute sleep deprivation and extreme fatigue on cognitive performance and cardiac autonomic function during an expedition adventure race: a case report.

Four ultra-endurance athletes (3M/1F) navigated ~800 km via trekking, biking, and paddling using topographical maps and compass, sleeping ~6 h each. Mood, cognitive performance, and heart rate variability were measured at baseline (PRE), post-race (POST), and 18-h post-race (POST18). Decreased anxiety (ΔMdn = 6.

Cannabidiol and cognition: a literature review of human randomized controlled trials.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid without intoxicating properties. While CBD can improve neurophysiological functions and subjective symptoms, its effect on cognitive function remains unclear. We summarized the available randomized controlled trials investigating CBD administration and cognitive function.

Application of Functional MRI in Parkinson's Disease and Default Mode Network: Review of the Literature.

Parkinson's disease (PD) has become the second most prominent neurogenerative disorder relating to aging individuals. PD involves the loss of neurons containing dopamine in the midbrain and leads to a number of motor issues as well as non-motor complications such as cognitive and psychological abnormalities. The default mode network (DMN) is a complex brain network primarily active during rest and serves multiple roles relating to memory, self-referential processing, social cognition and consciousness and awareness.

Cerebral Haemodynamic Assessment Following Sport-related Concussion (Mild Traumatic Brain Injury) in Youth and Amateur Rugby Union Players.

Background: Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as an objective diagnostic tool, we aimed to (1) compare fNIRS measurements in adult and youth male rugby players against controls over a playing season, and 2) document the fNIRS changes that occur in concussed rugby players during the England Rugby Football Union Graduated Return-To-Play programme (GRTP). Sixty-seven participants (rugby = 41 (26 adults: 27.5 ± 4.

The Interscapular Lift: Unfolding the Tortuous Subclavian Artery.

Objective: Transradial cardiac catheterization has gained popularity because of its reduced risk of access-site complications, yet procedural failures remain frequent, often caused by subclavian artery tortuosity. We propose an alternative maneuver to improve procedural success rates, addressing the challenge of subclavian artery tortuosity more efficiently than existing time-consuming and resource-intensive techniques.

Key Steps: Place a towel between the patient's scapulae to retract the shoulders before advancing the catheter.

Physiological outcomes of physical activity interventions in persistent postconcussive symptoms: a scoping review protocol.

There are limited therapeutic options for patients with persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCSs). Most PPCS assessments focus on subjective measures of progression and symptom monitoring. While early exercise interventions for rehabilitation are now considered best practice for acute concussion, no comprehensive review exists on how physical activity objectively and physiologically affects outcomes in PPCS.

Wearable Devices for Hemodynamic Assessment in Cardiovascular Disease: A Short Literature Review.

Hemodynamic parameters are frequently used in patients with cardiovascular disease to assess cardiac function, monitor disease progression, propose interventions, and determine prognosis. However, they require extensive resources, including specialized equipment and trained personnel, to measure with accuracy and precision. Wearable devices such as wristwatches have been shown to assess heart function, such as heart rate and detection of irregular heart rhythms.

Acute sport-related concussion alters cardiac contribution to cerebral oxygenation during repeated squat stands.

Assessment of cerebral oxygenation during repeated squat stands following an acute sport-related concussion (SRC) has the potential to identify physiological changes following SRC. All varsity university athletes completed a pre-season assessment and 53 were followed up within 5-days of suffering an SRC. Of the 53 participants, 29 had continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP; sampled at 200 hz) collected by finger photoplethysmography, and 53 had right prefrontal cortex oxygenation collected by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS; sampled at 10 hz).

Catheterization: An Unconventional Diagnostic Route for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

A 55-year-old woman presented with an incidental finding of significant respiratory variation in mean right atrial pressure during cardiac catheterization. Later, she was evaluated and diagnosed with sleep apnea. A significant increase in right atrial pressure with respiration should raise awareness for sleep apnea.

Pharmacological and physiological effects of cannabidiol: a dose escalation, placebo washout study protocol.

Background: Cannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and have the potential to act as a therapeutic following mild traumatic brain injury. There is limited evidence available on the pharmacological, physiological and psychological effects of escalating CBD dosages in a healthy, male, university athlete population. Furthermore, no dosing regimen for CBD is available with implications of improving physiological function.

Assessment of cardiovascular functioning following sport-related concussion: A physiological perspective.

There is still much uncertainty surrounding the approach to diagnosing and managing a sport-related concussion (SRC). Neurobiological recovery may extend beyond clinical recovery following SRC, highlighting the need for objective physiological parameters to guide diagnosis and management. With an increased understanding of the connection between the heart and the brain, the utility of assessing cardiovascular functioning following SRC has gained attention.

Sport-related concussion alters cerebral hemodynamic activity during controlled respiration.

Sport-related concussion (SRC) is known to disrupt neurohemodynamic activity, cardiac function, and blood pressure (BP) autoregulation. This study aims to observe changes in cerebrovascular and cardiovascular responses during controlled respiration after sustaining an SRC. University varsity athletes ( = 81) completed a preseason physiological assessment and were followed up within 5 days of sustaining an SRC.

Effect of exercise on sleep quality in Parkinson's disease: a mini review.

The growing incidence of Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a major burden on the healthcare system. PD is caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and is known for its effects on motor function and sleep. Sleep is vital for maintaining proper homeostasis and clearing the brain of metabolic waste.

Long-term effects of multiple concussions on prefrontal cortex oxygenation during a hypercapnic challenge in retired contact sport athletes.

This exploratory study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of multiple concussions on prefrontal cortex oxygenation during a five-minute hypercapnic challenge using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). 55 physically active retired contact sport male athletes with three or more previous concussions (mTBI) were recruited along with 29 physically active males with no concussions history (CTRL). Participants completed five minutes of seated rest prior to the five-minute hypercapnic challenge (20-second breath-hold, 40-second recovery breathing; five times).

Cardiac function and posttraumatic stress disorder: a review of the literature and case report.

Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can induce an elevation in sympathetic tone; however, research pertaining to the cardiac cycle in patients with PTSD is limited.

Methods: A literature review was conducted with PubMed, MEDLINE and Web of Science. Articles discussing changes and associations in echocardiography and PTSD or related symptoms were synthesized for the current review.

Menstrual cycle influences on cue-induced smoking cravings and heart rate variability.

Women experience greater difficulties in quitting smoking than men, though the hormonal factors contributing to this sex difference remain to be clarified. The current study aimed to examine menstrual cycle effects on smoking cue-induced cravings as well as examine dynamic reproductive hormone change as a potential mediator underlying any cycle effects observed. Twenty-one women who smoke underwent two laboratory sessions - one in the mid-follicular phase and the other in the late luteal phase - involving an in-vivo smoking cue task, administered before and after exposure to a psychosocial laboratory stressor.

Differences in Heart Rate Variability and Baroreflex Sensitivity between Male and Female Athletes.

Heart rate variability (HRV), systolic blood pressure variability (BPV), and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) are indirect and approximate measures of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system. Studies have shown differences in HRV and BRS between males and females; however, no study has observed differences in BPV, HRV, or BRS between male and female athletes. One hundred males (age 21.