Assessment of Financial Impact of Expanding the Scope of Drug Usage in South Korea.

Background: The increasing utilization of high-cost drugs with multiple indications poses significant financial challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. This study evaluates the financial impact of expanding drug indications in Korea, focusing on pharmaceutical expenditure trend.

Methods: This study analyzed claims data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) to examine drug characteristics and annual expenditure.

High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and the Development of Extranodal Marginal Zone B-cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue.

To date, no studies have examined the effect of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) on the development of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). We investigated, for the first time, the relationship between HDL-C and the risk of MALT lymphoma. In this nationwide population-based cohort study, 4.

A novel approach to estimating through infection networks: understanding regional transmission dynamics of COVID-19.

Introduction: The effective reproduction number ( ) is a key indicator for monitoring and controlling infectious diseases such as COVID-19, where transmission patterns can differ substantially across demographics, regions, and phases of the pandemic. In this study, we propose a novel, network-based approach to empirically estimate using detailed transmission data from South Korea. By reconstructing infector-infectee pairs, our method incorporates local factors like mobility and social distancing, offering a more precise perspective than traditional methods.

BMI changes and presence of cofactors influence CRC risk in middle-aged and older Adults.

Background: Effect modification by cofactors in the association between body mass index (BMI) change and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk has rarely been investigated.

Methods: Cancer-free individuals who participated in the national health examinations and cancer screening at 2010 and underwent national health examination at 2014, were enrolled and followed through 2021 RESULTS: Among 3.8 million, 42,555 patients developed CRCs.

Adverse events of tuberculosis preventive therapy among individuals with latent tuberculosis infection: A nationwide cohort study in South Korea.

Objectives: This study assessed adverse event with tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) regimens among individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).

Methods: Using national health insurance data, we analyzed individuals newly diagnosed with LTBI between 2015 and 2020. The TPT group, prescribed 3 months of isoniazid and rifampicin (3HR), 4 months of rifampicin (4R), or 9 months of isoniazid (9H), was matched with a control group through 1:1 propensity score matching.

Discrepant Effect of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol on the Hematologic Malignancy Risk: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Objective: Although high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is inversely associated with hematologic malignancies, modification by smoking has not been reported. We investigated how smoking and menopausal status modify these association.

Methods: This population-based cohort study enrolled cancer-free individuals who underwent a national cancer screening in 2010 and followed up until December 2017.

Association of Soy Foods With Gastric Cancer Considering : A Multi-Center Case-Control Study.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the relationship between soy food consumption and gastric cancer (GC) risk, accounting for infection status.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed data from patients with GC and healthy individuals prospectively enrolled by 6 hospitals between 2016 and 2018. Dietary intake was evaluated using questionnaires that categorized seven dietary habits and 19 food groups.

Factor modification in the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver cancer risk in a nationwide cohort.

Background/aims: The effect modification by smoking and menopausal status in the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and liver cancer risk has not been reported.

Methods: This population-based cohort study included 4.486 million cancer-free individuals among those who underwent national cancer screening in 2010 and were followed up until December 2017.

Comparison of active tuberculosis occurrence associated with Janus kinase inhibitors and biological DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of tuberculosis associated with the use of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors or biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in South Korea.

Methods: In this nationwide matched-cohort study, we retrospectively identified adult patients with new-onset RA from the National Health Insurance Service database who were prescribed bDMARDs or JAK inhibitors and recently underwent latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening during 2012‒2021, and followed them up until the end of 2022 for the development of active tuberculosis. HRs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression in a propensity score-matched cohort.

A population-based cohort study of longitudinal change of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol impact on gastrointestinal cancer risk.

High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) levels have been associated with cancer. In this observational population-based cohort study using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service system, we investigate the impact of longitudinal changes in HDL-C levels on gastrointestinal cancer risk. Individuals who underwent health examinations in 2010 and 2014 were followed-up through 2021.

Discrepant effect of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol on esophageal and gastric cancer risk in a nationwide cohort.

Background: The relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and gastroesophageal cancer is not constant.

Methods: In this population-based cohort study, 4.518 million cancer-free individuals among those who underwent national cancer screening in 2010 were enrolled and followed up until December 2017.

Effect of chronic viral hepatitis and metabolic factors on renal cancer risk in a large cohort in Republic of Korea.

Purpose: We investigated the association between hepatic and metabolic factors and renal cancer risk.

Methods: This population-based cohort study included cancer-free individuals who underwent general health evaluation (January to December 2010) at the Korean National Health Insurance Service and followed-up through 2017. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), determined by adjusted Cox regression analysis were used to investigate the effect of variables on renal cancer risk.

Favorable Effect of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol on Gastric Cancer Mortality by Sex and Treatment Modality.

Studies on the effects of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) on gastric cancer mortality are few, and the results are inconsistent. In this study, we investigated the effects of HDL-C on gastric cancer mortality and conducted sub-group analysis by sex and treatment modality. Newly diagnosed patients with gastric cancer ( = 22,468) who underwent gastric cancer screening between January 2011 and December 2013 were included and followed up until 2018.

Sex-specific effects of fruit, vegetable, and red meat intake on the risk of gastric and esophageal cancer in a large cohort.

Background: Dietary effects on gastric and esophageal cancer by sex and smoking has rarely been investigated.

Methods: Individuals who had undergone national gastric cancer screening during 2008 and had no any cancer at baseline were enrolled and followed up to 2017. The gastric and esophageal cancer risk was measured using adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Rehabilitation Program for Improved Musculoskeletal Pain in Gastrointestinal Endoscopists: Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Background/aims: This study aimed to develop a rehabilitation program for musculoskeletal pain experienced by gastrointestinal endoscopists and to investigate its usefulness.

Methods: This was a multicenter cohort study. During the first 2 weeks, a questionnaire regarding daily workload and musculoskeletal symptoms was administered.

Effect of Hospital Case-Volume on Mortality after Ovarian Cancer Surgery: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: The goal of ovarian cancer surgery has recently shifted from optimal cytoreduction to more complete resection. This study attempted to reassess and update the association between surgical case-volume and both in-hospital and long-term mortality after ovarian cancer surgery using recent data.

Design: This study is a population-based retrospective cohort study.

Hospital case-volume and mortality after lung cancer surgery: A population-based retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Recent advances in lung cancer treatment warrants reassessment of the volume-outcome association in lung cancer surgery. This study reassessed the relationship between surgical case-volume and both in-hospital and long-term mortality after lung cancer surgery using a current database to reflect recent advances.

Materials And Methods: Using the database of the National Health Insurance Service in Korea, data of all adult patients who underwent lung cancer surgery in Korea between 2005 and 2019 were obtained.

Risk prediction models incorporating institutional case volume for mortality after hip fracture surgery in the elderly.

Introduction: While higher institutional case volume is associated with better postoperative outcomes in various types of surgery, institutional case volume has been rarely included in risk prediction models for surgical patients. This study aimed to develop and validate the predictive models incorporating institutional case volume for predicting in-hospital mortality and 1-year mortality after hip fracture surgery in the elderly.

Materials And Methods: Data for all patients (≥ 60 years) who underwent surgery for femur neck fracture, pertrochanteric fracture, or subtrochanteric fracture between January 2008 and December 2016 were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database.

Healthcare Resource Utilization After Living Liver Donation: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Background: Living liver donation is generally considered safe, but donors may experience short- or long-term complications. The purpose of this study was to assess healthcare resource utilization after liver donation in living liver donors in comparison with the general population.

Methods: Outpatient or emergency department visits and hospital admissions were compared between living liver donors who underwent hepatic resection for living liver donation between 2004 and 2018 and the matched general population.

The sex discrepancy effects of fruit and vegetable intake on pancreatic cancer risk; a large Korean cancer screening cohort study.

Background: Although several risk factors have been identified for the development of pancreatic cancer, the effects of fruit and vegetables on the disease remains controversial.

Methods: Individuals without cancer at baseline, who underwent national health examinations during 2008, were enrolled and followed-up to 2017. Vegetable intake was measured by assessing the intake of daily vegetables (types).

The association between hospital case-volume and postoperative outcomes after esophageal cancer surgery: A population-based retrospective cohort study.

Background: Recent advances in esophageal cancer treatment require a reevaluation of the relationship between institutional case-volume and patient outcome. The aim of this study was to analyze and update the association between surgical case-volume and both in-hospital and long-term mortality after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Methods: Data of all adult patients who received esophageal cancer surgery in Korea between 2004 and 2017 were extracted from the database of the National Health Insurance Service.

Institutional case volume-incorporated mortality risk prediction model for cardiac surgery.

Background: Most risk prediction models predicting short-term mortality after cardiac surgery incorporate patient characteristics, laboratory data, and type of surgery, but do not account for surgical experience. Considering the impact of case volume on patient outcome after high-risk procedures, we attempted to develop a risk prediction model for mortality after cardiac surgery that incorporates institutional case volume.

Methods: Adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery from 2009 to 2016 were identified.

Long-term impacts of appendectomy associated with increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease, infection, and colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Although the appendix has been suggested to play a role in maintaining the gut microbiome and immune system, the ramifications of appendectomy on the development inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis, and colorectal cancer are yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential long-term impacts of appendectomy, with a focus on inflammatory bowel disease, infection, and colorectal cancer, using the National Healthcare Insurance Service (NHIS) database of Korea.

Methods: The National Healthcare Insurance Service database in Korea was used for analysis.

Effect of institutional case volume on mid-term mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.

Objective: The impact of center case volume on mid-term postoperative outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) is still controversial and requires investigation. The aim of this study was to compare mid-term survival after CABG according to the institutional annual CABG case volume.

Methods: Adult patients (≥ 18 years) who underwent CABG from 2009 to 2016 were identified by searching National Health Insurance database of Korea for CABG procedure codes.

The association between hospital case volume and in-hospital and one-year mortality after hip fracture surgery.

Aims: Hospital case volume is shown to be associated with postoperative outcomes in various types of surgery. However, conflicting results of volume-outcome relationship have been reported in hip fracture surgery. This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the association between hospital case volume and postoperative outcomes in patients who had hip fracture surgery.