Exploring the interplay of personality traits, academic burnout, and academic engagement in dental students.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality traits, academic burnout, and academic engagement among dental students with emotion regulation as a mediating role. It sought to identify personality predictors within the HEXACO model and compare how these traits directly and indirectly affect students' academic engagement and burnout.

Methods: The participants were 228 dental students from School of Dentistry.

Enhancing group outcomes: the role of individual preparation in collaborative learning.

Background: Individual preparation can enhance the effects of collaborative learning through effective information processing. However, the limitations of prior studies in distinguishing the unique effects of individual preparation from individual learning, as well as their focus on short-term effects within the humanities and social sciences, have hindered its application into education for health professionals. Therefore, the current study examined the distinct effects of individual preparation for collaborative learning in short- and long-term contexts by conducting two experiments.

Unraveling motives: identifying the impact of university attendance motives on learning behaviors among dental students.

Purpose: Students report various motives for attending university (MAU) grouped under five categories, namely, personal-intellectual development (PER), humanitarian (HUM), careerist-materialist (CAR), expectation-driven (EXP), and uncertain motives. Although the literature demonstrates that these motives exert an influence on learning and achievement, relatively less attention is given to this issue in the context of dental students. This study aimed to examine the relationship among the mindsets, MAU, academic engagement (AE), and DAL of dental students and to test the mediating effect of AE on the relationship between MAU and deep approach to learning (DAL).

Dental Students' Satisfaction With Web-Based Learning During the Initial Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated an accelerated shift in education, moving from traditional learning to web-based learning. This transition introduced a notable transactional distance (TD) between the instructors and learners. Although disease control and staff and students' safety are the top priorities during a pandemic, the successful delivery of education is equally crucial.

The hidden hurdles of clinical clerkship: unraveling the types and distribution of professionalism dilemmas among South Korean medical students.

Background: To improve the medical professionalism of medical students, it is essential to understand the dilemmas they face in various situations. This study explored the types and distribution of dilemmas Korean medical students encounter during their clinical clerkships. It then compared these with previous dilemma frameworks and identified the types and distribution of "complexity dilemmas," wherein two dilemma themes emerge in a single clinical situation.

Navigating the Path to Independent Dentist: A Qualitative Phenomenological Exploration.

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the process of becoming an independent dentist, extending beyond the entry-level period.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen general dental practitioners were interviewed. The recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim, and utilizing Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological method, we sought to exclude subjectivity and derive meanings and themes from participants' experiences concerning the process of becoming independent dentists.

A survey of the impact of COVID-19 on the management of animal experiments and laboratory animal facilities in Korea.

The pandemic has affected the lives of people all over the world. The effects of the pandemic on laboratory animal facilities and their operations through this unusual global event are poorly understood. Here, we have applied a methodological framework of qualitative approach including semi-structured interviews to investigate laboratory animal operations in Korea and how it has shaped the on-going management and laboratory operations of such facilities.

Relationship matters: a qualitative study of medical students' experiences in a learner-driven research program in South Korea.

Background: Although research experience is important for medical students, it is difficult to develop research skills only through a formal curriculum. To develop research programs that address the authentic needs of students and align with the entirety of the medical school curriculum, a learner-centered approach may be more effective than an instructor-centered approach. This study investigates medical student perspectives on factors that help them develop research competency.

Event history analysis on racial disparities in the path to adoption for Black and White children.

Background: Black children are significantly overrepresented in many phases of the U.S. child welfare system.

Effects of perspective switching and utilitarian thinking on moral judgments in a sacrificial dilemma among healthcare and non-healthcare students.

Unlabelled: During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare professionals have often faced moral challenges, which required them to choose between endorsing self- or other-sacrifice for the greater good. Drawing on the altruistic rationalization hypothesis and trait-activation theory, this study investigates (a) whether healthcare students' endorsement of utilitarian solutions to sacrificial moral dilemmas varies when they are confronted with the minority group, majority group, or third-person perspective on the given dilemma and (b) whether individual differences in utilitarian thinking, as measured by the Oxford Utilitarianism Scale (both instrumental harm and impartial beneficence), predict endorsement of utilitarian solutions to moral dilemmas. The study population was divided into a group of healthcare students and a group of non-healthcare students.

Dentists' attitudes toward patient-centered care and its predictors: a cross-sectional study in South Korea.

Background: Patient-centered care (PCC) has been one of medical practice's most frequently discussed principles. However, attitudes toward PCC among dentists remain underexplored. This study focuses on examining dentists' patient-centered attitudes and investigating their predictors.

Effects of a blended design of closed-book and open-book examinations on dental students' anxiety and performance.

Background: While closed-book examinations (CBEs) have traditionally been implemented in dental education, open-book examinations (OBEs) are being introduced for the purpose of acquiring higher levels of knowledge and promoting long-term memory. This study examines whether it is effective to use a blended assessment of CBEs and OBEs for dental students to reduce test anxiety and enhance academic performance.

Methods: Using a quasi-experimental research method, a blended assessment that combined CBEs in class and OBEs online was designed for a dental course.

Effects of virtual body-representation on motor skill learning.

Motor learning is often hindered or facilitated by visual information from one's body and its movement. However, it is unclear whether visual representation of the body itself facilitates motor learning. Thus, we tested the effects of virtual body-representation on motor learning through a virtual reality rotary pursuit task.

Improvement plans on the operation of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee: focusing on the case of Seoul National University.

Background: The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) became compulsory in 2008 by the Animal Protection Act in Korea. Seoul National University (SNU), which conducts 5% of Korea's total animal protocol reviews and uses 10% of national laboratory animal usage, has been influential in the review of animal protocols and management of animal facilities. This study was undertaken to suggest the operational improvement of the IACUC.

The use of interdental cleaning devices and periodontal disease contingent on the number of remaining teeth in Korean adults.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of interdental brushes and dental floss on the prevention of periodontitis in participants with ≥ 20 or < 20 remaining teeth by using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2018. Data from 11,614 participants were analysed using multivariate logistic regression after adjusting for sociodemographic factors (age and sex), socioeconomic factors (level of education and individual income), oral health-related variables (daily toothbrushing), and systemic health-related variables (smoking, diabetes, and obesity). The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) showed statistically significant results for both floss (AOR, 1.

Dental students' self-evaluation comparison between dual dental education systems in Korea.

Background: This study aimed to examine the satisfaction, educational linkage, and self-perceived competence of dental students enrolled in either 4 + 4 dental program, comprising an undergraduate degree and Doctor of Dental Surgery degree (DDS), or 3 + 4 program, which is a BS/DDS combined degree program, in the Korean dental education system.

Materials And Methods: The survey questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale was developed and validated by four dental education experts, consisting of satisfaction with undergraduate courses, the interconnection of undergraduate courses with the DDS curriculum, and self-assessed core competency for dental graduates. A total of 252 students provided informed consent and voluntarily responded to the survey, among whom 109 students were in the 3 + 4 system and 143 were in the 4 + 4 system.

In vivo real-time temperature measurement on the surface of intact and gold-restored teeth during consumption of hot and cold drinks.

This study aimed to measure real-time temperature changes in gold-restored teeth compared with intact teeth during the intake of hot and cold drinks. Sixteen molars, including eight natural intact teeth and eight restored teeth with gold inlays, were selected from the participants. Custom-made thermocouple sensors were attached to the coronal third of the buccal surface of teeth.

Effect of active learning and online discussions on the academic performances of dental students.

Background: COVID-19 caused significant confusion around the world, and dental education was no exception. Therefore, in line with the demands of the times, this study sought to determine the applicability of online active learning to dental education.

Methods: This study was conducted in the second semester of 2020 at a school of dentistry in a selective university in Korea.

The effect of deliberative process on the self-sacrificial decisions of utilitarian healthcare students.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted prosocial behavior as a professional healthcare core competency. Although medical students are expected to work in the best interests of their patients, in the pandemic context, there is a greater need for ethical attention to be paid to the way medical students deal with moral dilemmas that may conflict with their obligations.

Methods: This study was conducted in the spring semester of 2019 on 271 students majoring in health professions: medicine, dentistry, and veterinary medicine.

Changes in Computer-Analyzed Facial Expressions with Age.

Facial expressions are well known to change with age, but the quantitative properties of facial aging remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the differences in the intensity of facial expressions between older ( = 56) and younger adults ( = 113). In laboratory experiments, the posed facial expressions of the participants were obtained based on six basic emotions and neutral facial expression stimuli, and the intensities of their faces were analyzed using a computer vision tool, OpenFace software.

Empathy and attitude toward communication skill learning as a predictor of patient-centered attitude: a cross-sectional study of dental students in Korea.

Background: Enhancing medical students' practice of patient-centered care is a goal of medical schools. In addition to exploring the demographic and academic factors of the students, it is necessary to identify other attitudes and perceptions that may influence the student's patient-centered attitude and inclination toward communication skill learning. This study aimed to assess patient-centered attitudes among dental students in Korea and identify the association between the students' characteristics and empathy, communication skill learning attitude, and patient-centered attitude.

The impact of writing on academic performance for medical students.

Background: Writing is a useful learning activity that promotes higher-order thinking, but there are limited studies that prove its effectiveness. In previous research, researchers tested the effect of summary writing on students' comprehension and found no significant difference from that of re-studying texts. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to expand previous findings and investigate the effect of two types of writing tasks on medical students' academic performance, specifically in the transfer of knowledge.

Exploring a Cost-Efficient Model for Predicting Cerebral Aβ Burden Using MRI and Neuropsychological Markers in the ADNI-2 Cohort.

Many studies have focused on the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cerebral amyloid beta (Aβ) is a hallmark of AD and can be observed in vivo via positron emission tomography imaging using an amyloid tracer or cerebrospinal fluid assessment. However, these methods are expensive.

Association between longitudinal tooth fractures and visual detection methods in diagnosis.

Objectives: This study investigated the distribution of longitudinal tooth fractures (LTFs) according to the patient's age and analyzed the association between visual detection methods and the types of LTFs.

Methods: Patients with symptomatic teeth with LTFs were examined at the department of conservative dentistry in a dental hospital from September 1, 2009 to March 31, 2014. Naked eye examination, staining with a dye, operating microscopy, transillunimation, and periapical radiography were used to identify the fracture lines.