Evaluation of Anthocyanin Profiling, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Korean Accessions for Functional Food Applications and Breeding.

The genus includes numerous berry species known for their rich phytochemical content and antioxidant properties. However, comparative evaluations of wild and cultivated germplasms in East Asia remain limited. This study aimed to identify superior resources with potential for use in functional foods and breeding through integrated phytochemical and antioxidant profiling.

Gold Nanoparticle-mRNA Conjugates Encapsulated in Lipid Nanoparticles for Coordinated Codelivery of Multiple mRNAs.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be engineered to be utilized as carriers via anchoring multiple nucleic acids, including mRNAs, in specific ratios. However, the negative charge of mRNA-AuNP conjugates presents significant challenges for efficient cellular uptake and subsequent expression. To overcome this limitation, we developed a delivery system that combines mRNA-AuNP conjugation with lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to enhance intracellular delivery.

Metastatic Cervical Cancer in the Asia-Pacific Region: Current Treatment Landscape and Barriers.

Unlabelled: Despite treatment advances for metastatic cervical cancer (mCC), the Asia-Pacific region faces significant barriers in treatment accessibility, availability, and healthcare infrastructure. This study explored the treatment landscape and barriers for mCC in the Asia-Pacific. A descriptive, cross-sectional, web-based study evaluating cervical cancer treatment patterns was conducted among medical, radiation, and gynecologic oncologists and gynecologists in the Chinese mainland (n = 80), Australia, the Philippines, South Korea, and Taiwan (n = 20 each).

Identification of oxidoreductase genes for phytoecdysteroids biosynthesis in spinach through comparative transcriptomics.

Phytoecdysteroids (PE) are plant-derived ecdysteroids known as insect molting hormones. Among them, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) is the major PE that defends against herbivorous insects. However, unlike in insects, little is known about the biosynthetic genes of 20E in plants.

Impact of time elapsed since diagnosis on neuropathic symptoms, sexual function, lymphedema, and overall quality of life in ovarian cancer survivors (KGOG 3068).

Objective: To assess the impact of time since treatment on the quality of life (QOL), neurotoxicity, sexual function, lymphedema, and utility in ovarian cancer survivors.

Methods: This secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study examined the QOL, neurotoxicity, sexual function, lymphedema, and utility in 172 epithelial ovarian cancer survivors treated with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy without recurrence. Associations between time since treatment and overall QOL (National Comprehensive Cancer Network/functional assessment of cancer therapy ovarian symptom index-18 [NFOSI-18]), neurotoxicity (neurotoxicity subscale, version-4 [NTX-4]), sexual function (female sexual function index, 6-item Korean version [FSFI-6K]), lymphedema (gynecologic cancer lymphedema questionnaire [GCLQ]), and utility (EuroQol 5-dimension [EQ-5D]) were visualized using jittered box plots.

Weighted gene co-expression network analysis - based selection of hub genes related to phenolic and volatile compounds and seed coat color in sorghum.

Background: Sorghum grains are rich in phenolic compounds, which are noted for their anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as volatile compounds (VOCs) that contribute to aroma and fermentation processes. There is a known close relationship between sorghum coat color and phenolic compound content (PCC), particularly flavonoids which are pigments that confer red and purple colors in flowers and seeds.

Results: Our results showed that black seeds had the highest total tannin content (TTC) and ketone content, which were measured at 457.

Immature Citrus unshiu fruit extracts inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways.

In Korea, immature citrus fruits have been extensively explored for their potential utility as functional bio-health materials owing to their various bioactive properties. However, the specific mechanisms by which they exert inhibitory effects on adipogenesis remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the anti-obesity effects of 70% ethanol extracts of immature Citrus unshiu fruits and their solvent fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water) on 3T3-L1 cells, as well as to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Assessment of repeatability of maximal occlusal force measured at regular time intervals.

Statement Of Problem: In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in measuring maximal occlusal force in light of the advances in digitally supported dentistry. However, studies on the assessment of changes in maximum occlusal force are sparse.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to assess the repeatability of maximal occlusal force measured at regular time intervals.

Real-world comparative effectiveness study of Janus kinase inhibitors compared to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: To evaluate the real-world effectiveness and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) compared to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have not previously been treated with either JAKis or bDMARDs.

Methods: This prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted at 17 centres in the Republic of Korea. Patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate were enrolled and started treatment with either JAKis or bDMARDs.

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of a Fixed-Dose Combination of Alogliptin and Extended-Release Metformin Under Fasting and/or Fed Conditions in Healthy Adults.

This phase 1, randomized, open-label, 2 × 2 crossover study evaluated the bioequivalence of fixed-dose combination (FDC) formulations of alogliptin (ALO) and metformin extended-release (MET XR) compared to their individual formulations and assessed the effect of food on FDC pharmacokinetics in healthy participants. The study comprised the high-dose bioequivalence study (ALO 25 mg/MET XR 1000 mg) and the low-dose bioequivalence study (ALO 12.5 mg/MET XR 500 mg), both conducted under fasting conditions, and the food effect study (ALO 12.

Anticancer activity of (fenugreek) seed extract by inducing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cell.

Background/aim: Pancreatic cancer exhibits resistance to currently available drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. The development of new drugs is crucial, and research on plant substances with biological activities against cancer is actively underway. This study explored the potential use of fenugreek seed extract (FSE) in pancreatic cancer treatment as the anticancer activity of FSE is still poorly understood.

3D bioprinting technology for modeling vascular diseases and its application.

modeling of vascular diseases provides a useful platform for drug screening and mechanistic studies, by recapitulating the essential structures and physiological characteristics of the native tissue. Bioprinting is an emerging technique that offers high-resolution 3D capabilities, which have recently been employed in the modeling of various tissues and associated diseases. Blood vessels are composed of multiple layers of distinct cell types, and experience different mechanical conditions depending on the vessel type.

Light-matter coupling via quantum pathways for spontaneous symmetry breaking in van der Waals antiferromagnetic semiconductors.

Light-matter interaction simultaneously alters both the original material and incident light. Light not only reveals material details but also activates coupling mechanisms. The coupling has been demonstrated mechanically, for instance, through the patterning of metallic antennas, resulting in the emergence of plasmonic quasiparticles and enabling wavefront engineering of light via the generalized Snell's law.

Exploring the characteristics of immortalized human ovarian surface epithelial cell lines.

The origins of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have long been debated, with proposed sources including ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells, secondary Müllerian tract structures, or fallopian tube epithelium. Despite being the second most common gynecological cancer and a leading cause of death in the United States, in vitro cell models mimicking normal ovarian epithelial cells and their malignant counterparts are lacking. To address this gap, we established immortalized human OSE (IHOSE) cell lines that demonstrate stable in vitro growth without malignant properties.

2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol mitigates malignancy of cholangiocarcinoma cells through the blockade of sonic hedgehog signalling.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is one of the most refractory malignancies with a grave prognosis. 2-Methoxy-4-vinylpenol (2M4VP) is a well-known flavonoid having beneficial functions in human health including an anti-cancer effect in various malignant tumours. However, the anti-cancer effect of 2M4VP against CCA remains ambiguous.

Loss of E-cadherin Activates EGFR-MEK/ERK Signaling, Promoting Cervical Cancer Progression.

Background/aim: This study investigated the relationship between E-cadherin down-regulation and enhanced pERK1/2 signaling in cervical cancer, evaluated their combined prognostic impact, and explored potential therapeutic targets.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed 188 cervical cancer specimens and 300 normal cervical tissue samples using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. Small interfering RNA transfection and western blotting were used to study molecular interactions in cervical cancer cell lines.

Incidence and Current Status of Acute Management of Traumatic Brain Injuries in Korea: A National Population-Based Study of 2016-2018.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the incidence and status of acute management of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) in Korea.

Methods: We utilized nationwide administrative data from the National Emergency Department Information System (2016-2018), focusing on patients with TBIs who visited emergency medical centers within 7 days of injury and were treated in neurosurgery.

Results: The study included 117,830 patients, indicating an annual crude incidence of 79.

Drug delivery strategies with lipid-based nanoparticles for Alzheimer's disease treatment.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a distinctive form of dementia characterized by age-related cognitive decline and memory impairment. A key hallmark of AD is the irreversible overaccumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain, associated with neuroinflammation and neuronal death. Although Aβ clearance and immunoregulation have been the major therapeutic strategies for AD, highly selective transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) negatively affects the delivery efficacy of the drugs without the ability to cross the BBB.

Optical detection of bond-dependent and frustrated spin in the two-dimensional cobalt-based honeycomb antiferromagnet CuCoSbO.

Two-dimensional honeycomb antiferromagnets are promising materials class for realizing Kitaev quantum spin liquids. The signature of these materials includes anisotropic bond-dependent magnetic responses and persistent fluctuations in paramagnetic regime. Here, we propose CuCoSbO heterostructures as an intriguing candidate, wherein bond-dependent and frustrated spins interact with optical excitons.

Molecular characterization of ovarian mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma: Insights from single-cell RNA sequencing and mitochondrial metabolism.

Objectives: Ovarian mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA) is a rare malignancy with limited understanding of its molecular features and therapeutic vulnerabilities. Although similar to uterine MLA, its unique characteristics remain undefined. This study aimed to characterize ovarian MLA using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and compare it with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).

Exosomes and Exosome-Mimetics for Atopic Dermatitis Therapy.

Background: Exosomes and exosome mimetics are used as alternatives to cell therapy. They have shown potential in treating skin disorders by fortifying the skin barrier, mediating angiogenesis, and regulating the immune response while minimizing side effects. Currently, numerous studies have applied exosome therapy to treat atopic dermatitis (AD) caused by a weakened skin barrier and chronic inflammation.

Validity of quantitative values of quantitative light-induced fluorescent (QLF) device for pulp diagnosis of teeth with cracks.

Introduction: The Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence (QLF) device provides both the visual information of crack lines on tooth surfaces and quantitative values for fluorescence reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation and assess the usefulness of QLF quantitative values in pulp diagnosis of teeth with cracks.

Methods: Pulp diagnosis was performed on 76 teeth with cracks according to the American Association of Endodontics's guidelines, and their QLF images were captured.

Light-Induced Hysteresis of Electronic Polarization in Anti-Ferromagnet FePS.

Research on manipulating materials using light has garnered significant interest, yet examples of controlling electronic polarization in magnetic materials remain scarce. Here, the hysteresis of electronic polarization in the anti-ferromagnetic semiconductor FePS is demonstrated via light. Below the Néel temperature, linear dichroism (i.

Investigation of validity and inter examiner agreement of quantitative light induced fluorescent images in diagnosing cracked teeth.

The images of the Quantitative Light induced Fluorescent (QLF) device, which provides both natural color images similar to those from intraoral cameras and fluorescent images using 405 nm light in a single shot, were evaluated for the validity and inter examiner reliability in detecting tooth cracks. QLF images of 26 cracked teeth before and after removing crack lines were taken. Two examiners assessed the QLF images before removing the crack line with natural color images, fluorescent images, and combination images showing both images simultaneously, and recorded the crack's location after observing images.