Performance of ChatGPT and DeepSeek in the Management of Postprostatectomy Uri-nary Incontinence.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) continues to evolve as a tool in clinical decision support. Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and DeepSeek, are increasingly used in medicine to provide fast, accessible information. This study aimed to compare the performance of ChatGPT and DeepSeek in generating recommendations for the management of postprostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPUI), based on the AUA/SUFU guideline.

Infection Prophylaxis in Urological Diagnostic and Surgical Procedures - A narrative review and recommendations.

Objectives: In this review we will provide recommendations for surgical site infection (SSI) prophylaxis in urological diagnostic and surgical procedures.

Material And Methods: We performed a narrative review of the literature in PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Cochrane Collaboration databases using the terms "infection," "surgery," "urology," and "antibiotic prophylaxis" Results: We suggest recommendations of prophylactic antibiotic in the follow procedures: prostate biopsy, Urethrocystoscopy, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) for Urinary Stones, endoscopic ureterolithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolitothomy, Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) and Prostatic Enucleation, Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT), Intravesical Botulinum Toxin Injection, surgical correction of female stress incontinence, Surgical Correction of Pelvic Organ Prolapse, urological prosthesis implantation and Open, Laparoscopic, and Robotic Urologic Surgery Conclusions: Consideration in SSI prophylaxis and the prophylactic antibiotic regimens in several urological procedures are show in this paper and will be useful to urologic practice.

Parasacral Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation with Desmopressin Acetate for Treating Primary Monosymptomatic Enuresis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Approximately one-third of the children with primary monosymptomatic enuresis (PMNE) do not respond to first-line treatment. We aimed to investigate the short-term and six-month effectiveness of combining desmopressin acetate with parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PTENS) in these children and adolescents.

Materials And Methods: Participants aged six-17 years with PMNE were randomly assigned to receive desmopressin acetate with active or sham PTENS.

Urogenital Tuberculosis: A Narrative Review and recommendations for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose: to review the more relevant aspects of urogenital tuberculosis (UGT) and make recommendations about the diagnosis and treatment.

Materials And Methods: a literature review was conducted in the Pubmed, Embase and Scielo databases in search of studies on UGT in the past 60 years. A narrative review was performed concerning six topics of UGT diagnosis and treatment.

Rethinking Low Testosterone in Older Men: Association With Obesity Rather Than Aging.

Objective: The decline in testosterone levels among older men remains a subject of debate. While some cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have reported a decrease in testosterone with advancing age, others have not observed this trend. In this study, we aimed to evaluate testosterone levels and identify predictors of low testosterone in an age-stratified cohort of men.

Urethral instrumentation in men with artificial urinary sphincter: a national survey among Brazilian urologists.

Purpose: Urethral instrumentation (UI) in patients with an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) demands technical considerations and poses a risk of urethral erosion, leading to serious clinical and legal consequences. We conducted a national survey to evaluate the knowledge and experience of Brazilian urologists with UI in these patients.

Methods: This study used an electronic survey distributed to members of the Brazilian Society of Urology.

Clinical and urodynamic findings in children and adolescents with neurogenic bladder undergoing augmentation cystoplasty: a systematic review.

Background: Augmentation cystoplasty (AC) is a procedure to improve the clinical and urodynamic parameters of neurogenic bladder (NB) in children and adolescents refractory to other treatments. We performed a systematic review to investigate these parameters in children and adolescents with NB undergoing AC.

Methods: We followed PRISMA guidelines and searched electronic databases until March 2024 for studies involving patients aged three to 19 years diagnosed with NB undergoing AC.

Obstructive Urosepsis: Is It Possible to Personalize the Ureteral Endoscopic Treatment?

Introduction: Urinary tract infection involves mortality rate when combined with ureteral obstruction. Lithotripsy has been contraindicated; however, it has been shown to be safe in selected situations. No specific criteria have been widely accepted to indicate which patients are suitable for definitive treatment.

Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in a prospective cohort of COVID-19 survivors.

Purpose: To analyze the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients who survived moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 and the risk factors for LUTS six months after hospitalization.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective cohort study, patients were evaluated six months after hospitalization due to COVID-19. LUTS were assessed using the International Prostate Symptom Score.

The landscape of biomedical research funding in Brazil: a current overview.

Objective: The objective of this narrative review is to discuss the current state of research funding in Brazil.

Materials And Methods: This study is based on the most recent edition of the course Funding for Research and Innovation in the University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine which was a three-day course with 12 hours of instruction. The course brought together leading experts in the field to comprehensively discuss the current state of research funding in Brazil.

Use of ChatGPT in Urology and its Relevance in Clinical Practice: Is it useful?

Purpouse: One of the many artificial intelligence based tools that has gained popularity is the Chat-Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT). Due to its popularity, incorrect information provided by ChatGPT will have an impact on patient misinformation. Furthermore, it may cause misconduct as ChatGPT can mislead physicians on the decision-making pathway.

The effectiveness of parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of monosymptomatic enuresis in children and adolescents: a systematic review.

Background: Parasacral Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (PTENS) is a treatment used in enuresis refractory to first-line treatment. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PTENS in treating monosymptomatic enuresis (MNE) in children and adolescents.

Methods: The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic (PRISMA) guidelines.

Dynamic and static ultrasound features predictive of vesicoureteral reflux and renal damage in children and adolescents with neurogenic bladder.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic and static ultrasound (DSUS) in detecting vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and renal scarring in a cohort of children with neurogenic bladder (NB).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal, observational study was conducted using the Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies guideline. The DSUS (index test) data were compared with voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and renal scintigraphy 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic (reference tests).

Treating asthma in patients with enuresis: repercussions on urinary symptoms.

Background: Children presenting enuresis are more likely to be asthmatics. The association between enuresis and sleep-disordered breathing has already been demonstrated and several studies have shown at least partial improvement of two thirds or more of the cases of enuresis adenoidectomy. Studies have already described associations between enuresis and allergies but do not assess the repercussions of allergy treatment in enuretics.

Parasacral transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation versus urotherapy in primary monosymptomatic enuresis: A prospective randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical response of parasacral transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation (parasacral TENS) associated with urotherapy in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) compared to urotherapy alone.

Material And Methods: This prospective controlled clinical trial enrolled 72 children over 5 years of age with PMNE. Children were randomly divided into two groups, control group (CG), treated with urotherapy and scapular stimulation, and experimental group (EG), treated with urotherapy and parasacral TENS.

Pathophysiological and Clinical Significance of Venom-Induced Pulmonary Impairment in a Murine Model.

Crotalus venom has broad biological activity, including neurotoxic, myotoxic, hematologic, and cytotoxic compounds that induce severe systemic repercussions. We evaluated the pathophysiological and clinical significance of (Cdc) venom-induced pulmonary impairment in mice. We conducted a randomized experimental study, involving 72 animals intraperitoneally inoculated with saline solution in the control group (CG), as well as venom in the experimental group (EG).

[Retirement and depression: perspective for enlarged clinicJubilación y depresión: perspectiva para la clínica ampliada].

Objective: The objective of the study was to discuss the relationship between retirement and depression in the elderly and promoting theoretical reflection from the perspective of the expanded clinic in the face of this transition.

Method: Theoretical reflection, based on scientific articles that discuss retirement and depression, emphasizing the perceptions and meanings of work in old age, the transition to retirement, the relationships between retirement and depression in old age and the contributions of the expanded clinic in the life of the elderly pre and post-retirement.

Results: This work was built on scientific evidence, which were selected following the inclusion and exclusion criteria between 2012 and 2017, resulting in 15 articles to dis-cuss this reflection.

Impact of COVID-19 on surgical procedures for stress urinary incontinence in the Brazilian public health system.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective was to characterize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (FSUI) in Brazil.

Methods: This study was conducted with population-based data from the Brazilian public health system database. We obtained data on the number of surgical procedures for FSUI in 2019 (before the coronavirus disease [COVID-19] pandemic), 2020, and 2021 (during the pandemic) in each of the 27 Brazilian states.

Validation of the Vancouver Symptom Score Questionnaire for bladder and bowel dysfunction for Brazilian children and adolescents.

Objective: This study aimed to translate, and perform a cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Vancouver Symptom Score (VSS) for bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD) for Brazilian children and adolescents Materials and Methods: Six steps were performed for the translation and cross-cultural adaptation: (1) translation, (2) synthesis of translations, (3) back-translation, (4) pre-final version of the translated instrument, (5) pilot test and degree of comprehensibility and (6) elaboration of the Brazilian version of the VSS. For validation, the Brazilian Dysfunctional Voiding Score (DVSS) questionnaire was used.

Results: Validation was performed on a sample of 107 children and adolescents with a mean age of 9.

Relationship between primary monosymptomatic enuresis and process toilet training: a case-control.

Objective: Primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) is a prevalent condition in childhood, and the pathophysiology is multifactorial. This study investigated the relationship between the toilet training process (TT) and PMNE in children and adolescents.

Patients And Methods: A case-control study was carried out from 2015 to 2020.