Functional genomics of trypanotolerant and trypanosusceptible cattle infected with Trypanosoma congolense across multiple time points and tissues.

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), or sleeping sickness, is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with trypanosome parasites (Trypanosoma spp.). These are transmitted by infected tsetse flies (Glossina spp.

Influence of lighting on sleep behaviour, circadian rhythm and spontaneous blink rate in stabled riding school horses (Equus caballus).

Modern horse husbandry involves significant time spent indoors, often in suboptimal lighting conditions and with frequent night-time disturbances by humans for management purposes. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a customised light-emitting diode (LED) lighting system and a standard fluorescent lighting fixture on equine sleep behaviours, circadian rhythmicity and spontaneous blink rates in horses. Ten riding school horses experienced two stable lighting conditions for four weeks each in a cross-over study running from January to March, 2023.

Implementing quality and safety regulations in residential disability services: a qualitative interview study.

Background: Regulation plays a central role in health and social care systems, particularly in ensuring quality, safety and accountability. However, there is limited understanding of how organisations effectively implement and adhere to these regulatory requirements. In particular, little is known about how providers of residential care facilities for people with disabilities (RCF-D) navigate and apply statutory care regulations.

Correction: Transcriptomics analysis of the bovine endometrium during the perioestrus period.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Surveillance for Leptospira sp. in Native and Invasive Shrews in Ireland Compared with Cohabitating Shrews in France.

Leptospirosis is a complex and often underestimated global bacterial disease that continues to be of zoonotic concern. It is difficult to diagnose and has an unclear pathogenesis. Several new species of the genus Leptospira have been discovered in recent years; the impact of these species on animal health is unknown.

Specificity protein 1 (SP1) plays an essential role in early bovine embryo development.

A previous RNA-Seq study revealed that the transcript abundance of specificity protein 1 (SP1) was significantly higher in Day 7 bovine blastocysts compared to conceptuses on Days 10, 13, 16, and 19, suggesting a stage-specific role in early bovine embryo development. The present study aimed to characterize the mRNA expression of SP1 and associated candidate genes (ACSS1, C1QBP, ATF3, MAT2A, and POLD1) during early bovine embryo development from the 2-cell to blastocyst stage. Further, the effects of SP1 inhibition on embryo development were evaluated by culturing embryos with the SP1 inhibitor, mithramycin A (MT) at varying concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, and 1000 nM).

Integrative genomics sheds light on the immunogenetics of tuberculosis in cattle.

Mycobacterium bovis causes bovine tuberculosis (bTB), an infectious disease of cattle that represents a zoonotic threat to humans. Research has shown that the peripheral blood (PB) transcriptome is perturbed during bTB disease but the genomic architecture underpinning this transcriptional response remains poorly understood. Here, we analyse PB transcriptomics data from 63 control and 60 confirmed M.

Construct validation of a complete postpartum health and well-being patient reported outcome measure: prospective cohort study.

Background: Despite a focus on patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) in maternity care, a standardized tool is lacking. Current existing measures often focus on a single dimension of postpartum health.

Objective: This study evaluated the construct validity of using a suite of PROMs based on the top psychometrically validated tools available.

Models of care and associated targeted implementation strategies for cancer survivorship support in Europe: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Cancer and its treatments can lead to a wide range of side-effects that can persist long after treatments have ended. Across Europe, survivorship care is traditionally hospital-based specialist-led follow-up, leading to gaps in supportive care. Improved screening, diagnosis and treatment increase survival rates.

Contextual factors that influence adoption and sustainment of self-management support in cancer survivorship care: a practical application of theory with qualitative interviews.

Background: Self-management support (SMS) is a recommended component of cancer survivorship care that improves health-related quality of life and reduces healthcare utilisation. However, widespread implementation has been difficult to achieve, with a gap in the literature on system-wide implementation efforts. This study examines contextual factors perceived to influence SMS adoption and sustainment in cancer centres in the Republic of Ireland.

Factors influencing mental health service delivery during public health emergencies: a scoping review protocol.

Background: Unforeseeable public health emergencies (PHEs) profoundly impact psychological well-being and disrupt mental health care provision in affected regions. To enhance preparedness for future emergencies, it is crucial to understand the effectiveness of mental health services, their underlying mechanisms, the populations they are tailored to, and their appropriateness across distinct emergencies. The aim of this scoping review will be to explore how mental health services have responded to PHEs, focusing on their effectiveness as well as barriers and facilitators to implementation.

An economic evaluation and incremental analysis of the cost effectiveness of three universal childhood varicella vaccination strategies for Ireland.

Background: The cost effectiveness of childhood varicella vaccination is uncertain, as evidenced by variation in national health policies. Within the European Economic Area (EEA), only 10 of 30 countries offer universally funded childhood varicella vaccination. This study estimates the cost effectiveness of universal childhood varicella vaccination for one EEA country (Ireland), highlighting the difference in cost effectiveness between alternative vaccination strategies.

Genomic insights into the population history and adaptive traits of Latin American Criollo cattle.

Criollo cattle, the descendants of animals brought by Iberian colonists to the Americas, have been the subject of natural and human-mediated selection in novel tropical agroecological zones for centuries. Consequently, these breeds have evolved distinct characteristics such as resistance to diseases and exceptional heat tolerance. In addition to European taurine () ancestry, it has been proposed that gene flow from African taurine and Asian indicine () cattle has shaped the ancestry of Criollo cattle.

Transcriptomics analysis of the bovine endometrium during the perioestrus period.

During the oestrous cycle, the bovine endometrium undergoes morphological and functional changes, which are regulated by alterations in the levels of oestrogen and progesterone and consequent changes in gene expression. To clarify these changes before and after oestrus, RNA-seq was used to profile the transcriptome of oestrus-synchronized beef heifers. Endometrial samples were collected from 29 animals, which were slaughtered in six groups beginning 12 h after the withdrawal of intravaginal progesterone releasing devices until seven days post-oestrus onset (luteal phase).

Enablers and barriers to accessing self-management support services for those living with and beyond cancer: A qualitative study using the theoretical domains framework.

Background: Supporting those living with and beyond cancer to self-manage their health can optimise health-related quality of life and reduce symptom burden. Self-management support (SMS) programmes have been shown to be effective, but uptake is often low. This qualitative study aimed to identify experienced and perceived enablers and barriers to accessing SMS services among those who had completed primary cancer treatment and were living with and beyond cancer.

Patient reported outcome measures in childbirth and postpartum maternal quality of life: a protocol for systematic review of measurement properties.

Background: Patient centred healthcare is the corner stone to many healthcare strategies. Patient specific health needs should be at the fore of healthcare improvements and quality measurements. Patient reported outcome measures (PROM) that support real world clinical effectiveness assessments are increasingly being used to highlight domains where there is the greatest scope for change.

Long-term patient-reported outcomes of immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer: population-based cohort study.

Background: Breast reconstruction is offered to improve quality of life for women after mastectomy for breast cancer, but information regarding the long-term patient-reported outcomes of different reconstruction procedures is currently lacking. The Brighter study aimed to evaluate long-term patient-reported outcomes after immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) in a population-based cohort.

Methods: Women who underwent mastectomy with IBR for breast cancer in England between 1 January 2008 and 31 March 2009 were identified from National Health Service Hospital Episode Statistics.

Optimised Stable Lighting Strengthens Circadian Clock Gene Rhythmicity in Equine Hair Follicles.

Hair follicles (HF) represent a useful tissue for monitoring the circadian clock in mammals. Irregular light exposure causes circadian disruption and represents a welfare concern for stabled horses. We aimed to evaluate the impact of two stable lighting regimes on circadian clock gene rhythmicity in HF from racehorses.

Experiences of and preferences for self-management among low grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors: A qualitative interview study.

Purpose: Supporting self-management is one strategy to help cancer survivors optimise their quality of life. Low grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is often incurable with a chronic disease trajectory requiring lifelong self-management. This study explored the views on self-management and preferences for self-management support among survivors of low grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and their informal caregivers more than 6 months after completion of systemic anti-cancer therapy.

Determinants of regulatory compliance in health and social care services: A systematic review using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

Background: The delivery of high quality care is a fundamental goal for health systems worldwide. One policy tool to ensure quality is the regulation of services by an independent public authority. This systematic review seeks to identify determinants of compliance with such regulation in health and social care services.