Case Report: Minimally invasive management of suspected active bleeding from intercostal vessel after axillary thoracotomy ventricular septal defect repair: an application of Foley catheter.

The right axillary thoracotomy, an alternative approach for selected open-heart procedures, offers aesthetic advantages. However, intercostal vessel injury is a potential postoperative complication that can lead to major bleeding. Herein, we report a case of postoperative active bleeding from intercostal vessel injury after right axillary thoracotomy for ventricular septal defect repair.