Reduction of postoperative pain and opioid consumption by VVZ-149, first-in-class analgesic molecule: A confirmatory phase 3 trial of laparoscopic colectomy.

Study Objective: VVZ-149 is a small molecule that inhibits the glycine transporter type 2 and the serotonin receptor 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 A. In this Phase 3 study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of VVZ-149 as a single-use injectable analgesic for treating moderate to severe postoperative pain after laparoscopic colectomy.

Design: Randomized, parallel group, double-blind, Phase 3 clinical trial (Trial no.

Predicting Delayed Postoperative Length of Stay Following Robotic Kidney Transplantation: Development and Simulation of Perioperative Risk Factors.

Early discharge following robot-assisted kidney transplantation (RAKT) is a cost-effective strategy for reducing healthcare expenses while maintaining favorable short- and long-term prognoses. This study aims to identify predictors of postoperative delayed discharge in RAKT patients and develop a predictive model to enhance clinical outcomes. This retrospective study included 146 patients aged 18 years and older who underwent RAKT at a single tertiary medical center from August 2020 to January 2024.

Effects of a fall prevention exercise regimen on physical and psychosocial outcomes in elderly community dwellers: a randomized comparative study.

Background: There is a need for comprehensive programs that address both the physical and psychosocial aspects of fall prevention for the elderly.

Objective: This study assessed the efficacy of the exercise regimen on various health metrics for elderly community dwellers.

Methods: Forty-four participants were divided into experimental and control groups.

Prognostic Impacts of Increases in Amino Transaminases Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting on Mortality.

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic impacts of postoperative increases in serum amino transaminases on 1-year mortality in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft.

Design: A retrospective analysis.

Setting: A tertiary care university hospital.

Long-term clinical outcomes of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning and Postconditioning Outcome (RISPO) trial in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Background: Remote ischemic conditioning has been shown to confer myocardial protection. However, there is still no sufficient data on its long-term clinical outcomes. We analyzed the long-term results of the Remote Ischemic Preconditioning and Postconditioning Outcome (RISPO) trial in cardiac surgery patients.

Effect of Exogenous Albumin on the Incidence of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery with a Preoperative Albumin Level of Less Than 4.0 g/dl.

Background: Hypoalbuminemia may increase the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). The authors investigated whether the immediate preoperative administration of 20% albumin solution affects the incidence of AKI after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

Methods: In this prospective, single-center, randomized, parallel-arm double-blind trial, 220 patients with preoperative serum albumin levels less than 4.

Monitored anesthesia care with dexmedetomidine in transfemoral percutaneous trans-catheter aortic valve implantation: two cases report.

Percutaneous trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is recommended for inoperable patients with severe aortic stenosis at high risk for conventional aortic valve replacement. Originally, TAVI was mostly performed under general anesthesia. Here we describe two cases of transfemoral TAVI performed under monitored anesthesia care (MAC) with dexmedetomidine.

Intraoperative renal regional oxygen desaturation can be a predictor for acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of renal regional oxygen saturation (renal rSO2) in predicting the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery.

Design: A prospective observational study.

Setting: Tertiary care university hospital.

The analgesic efficacy and safety of nefopam in patient-controlled analgesia after cardiac surgery: A randomized, double-blind, prospective study.

Objective: The efficacy and side-effects of nefopam were prospectively compared with those of fentanyl for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) following cardiac surgery.

Methods: Patients scheduled to undergo cardiac surgery were randomly assigned between three PCA groups (nefopam, fentanyl or nefopam + fentanyl). Pain was assessed at rest and during movement at 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h after surgery using a visual analogue scale (VAS).

Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on cognitive function after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft: a pilot study.

Background: Several studies have shown in animal models that remote ischemic preconditioning (rIPC) has a neuroprotective effect. However, a randomized controlled trial in human subjects to investigate the neuroprotective effect of rIPC after cardiac surgery has not yet been reported. Therefore, we performed this pilot study to determine whether rIPC reduced the occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) surgery.

Does remote ischaemic preconditioning with postconditioning improve clinical outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac surgery? Remote Ischaemic Preconditioning with Postconditioning Outcome Trial.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) combined with remote ischaemic postconditioning (RIPostC) improves the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods And Results: From June 2009 to November 2010, 1280 patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery were randomized into the RIPC with RIPostC group or the control group in the morning of the surgery. In the RIPC with RIPostC group, four cycles of 5-min ischaemia and 5-min reperfusion were administered twice to the upper limb-before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or coronary anastomoses for RIPC and after CPB or coronary anastomoses for RIPostC.

Impact of the time of coronary angiography on acute kidney injury after elective off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that early surgery after coronary angiography may be associated with the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. However, the effect of coronary angiography on the risk of AKI after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (OPCABG) remains uncertain.

Methods: We assessed preoperative and perioperative data in 1,364 consecutive adult patients who underwent elective OPCABG surgery after coronary angiography.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation: early experience in Korea.

Background And Objectives: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was recently introduced in Korea. The present report describes the experience of early TAVI cases.

Subjects And Methods: Between March, 2010 and October, 2011, 48 patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) were screened at the Asan Medical Center to determine their suitability for surgical intervention.

Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is a major risk factor for acute kidney injury following off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the association between preoperative low serum albumin level and acute kidney injury (AKI) after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB) METHOD: We assessed preoperative and perioperative risk factors, and preoperative serum albumin concentration in 1,182 consecutive adult patients with preoperative normal renal function who underwent OPCAB surgery. Each patient was categorized by maximal Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria based on creatinine changes within the first 48 h after OPCAB. Logistic regression and propensity analyses were performed to evaluate the association between preoperative low serum albumin level and postoperative AKI.

Prognostic implications of preoperative E/e' ratio in patients with off-pump coronary artery surgery.

Background: The ratio of early transmitral flow velocity to early diastolic velocity of the mitral annulus (E/e') correlates with left ventricular (LV) filling pressure. In particular, an E/e' ratio more than 15 is an excellent predictor of increased LV filling pressure. The authors evaluated the prognostic implications of preoperative estimated LV filling pressure, assessed by E/e' ratio, in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

The prophylactic use of recombinant factor VIIa in a patient with DeBakey type III aortic dissection -A case report-.

Little is known about the prophylactic use of recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) in patients undergoing surgery for a bleeding aorta employing cardiopulmonary bypass. We report the successful use of rFVIIa in a patient undergoing hypothermic circulatory arrest and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass for repair of a DeBakey type III aortic dissection.

Preoperative treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker has no beneficial effect on the development of new-onset atrial fibrillation after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Background: The present study investigated whether preoperative angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use affected the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB).

Hypothesis: Preoperative use of ACEI or ARB was related to POAF in patients undergoing OPCAB.

Methods: This retrospective, observational, cohort study involved 1050 patients who underwent OPCAB from January 2006 to December 2009.

Temporary bilateral sensorineural hearing loss following cardiopulmonary bypass -A case report-.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss has been reported to occur following anesthesia and various non-otologic surgeries, mostly after procedures involving cardiopulmonary bypass. Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss resulting from microembolism is an infrequent complication of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery that has long been acknowledged. Moreover, there are few reports on the occurrence of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss without other neurologic deficits and its etiology has also not been determined.

Anesthetic considerations of percutaneous transcatheter aortic valve implantation: first attempt in Korea -A report of 2 cases-.

Conventional aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis is associated with a high operative mortality in the elderly patients with significant comorbidities, including severe respiratory dysfunction, renal insufficiency, and compromised cardiac function. Human transcatheter aortic valve implantation was first reported in 2002 and has become a valid alternative in selected high-risk patients in Europe and North America. This article describes the first attempt of transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation in Korea.

Growth suppression of four cancer cells by hyperbaric nitrous oxide and methotrexate.

Background: Nitrous oxide concentration is easily controlled by respiratory ventilation. It suppresses bone marrow via the inhibition of thymidylate synthesis. The aim of this work was to determine the optimal pressure and exposure duration of nitrous oxide, as well as methotrexate concentration that maximizes the suppression of 4 cancer cells: CCRF-CEM, K562, A549 and MDA-MB-231.

Nitric oxide and pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension is a serious complication of a number of lung and heart diseases that is characterized by peripheral vascular structural remodeling and loss of vascular tone. Nitric oxide can modulate vascular injury and interrupt elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance selectively; however, it can also produce cytotoxic oxygen radicals and exert cytotoxic and antiplatelet effects. The balance between the protective and adverse effects of nitric oxide is determined by the relative amount of nitric oxide and reactive radicals.

The effects of gabapentin pretreatment on brain injury induced by focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in the rat.

Background: Experimental studies have shown that gabapentin can reduce neuronal injury in the setting of cerebral ischemia, but the mechanisms have not yet been clearly determined. This study was conducted to determine whether gabapentin pretreatment altered expression levels of heat shock protein 70 and reduced acute phase neuronal injury in rats subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.

Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats (260-300 g) were randomly assigned to one of four groups (saline-treated, or 0.

Optimal placement of a superior vena cava cannula in minimally invasive robot-assisted cardiac surgery.

Background: Minimally invasive robot-assisted cardiac surgery is generally performed nowadays. To avoid the interference of a superior vena cava (SVC) cannula during surgery, it should be inserted before the operation. The position of this cannula is very important because it can cause poor venous drainage during operation.

Pain on injection with microemulsion propofol.

Aims: To evaluate the incidence and severity of injection pain caused by microemulsion propofol and lipid emulsion propofol in relation to plasma bradykinin generation and aqueous free propofol concentrations.

Methods: Injection pain was evaluated in 147 patients. Aqueous free propofol concentrations in each formulation, and in formulation mixtures containing agents that reduce propofol-induced pain, were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography.