Comparative analysis of iridocorneal angle in cats and dogs using ultrasound biomicroscopy: implications for glaucoma prevalence.

Background: This study aims to investigate the anatomical differences in the anterior segment of the eyes between dogs and cats using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) to understand the higher prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) in dogs compared to cats. Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data from 16 eyes of 16 dogs and 14 eyes of 14 cats with normal eye conditions. UBM was utilized to measure nine specific parameters, including Schwalbe's Line Distance (SLD), Iridocorneal Angle (ICA), Angle-Opening Distance (AOD), and three ciliary cleft parameters: width (CCW), length (CCL), and area (CCA).

Intraocular Pressure Increase Induced by 0.5% Tropicamide-0.5% Phenylephrine in Dogs: An Analysis of Causes Using Ultrasound Biomicroscopy.

Purpose: To determine whether the differences in intraocular pressure (IOP) change after the topical application of 0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephrine (TP) are due to anatomical variations in the anterior chamber using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).

An in-depth review on utilizing ultrasound biomicroscopy for assessing the iridocorneal angle and ciliary body in canines.

In this review, we explore the transformative role of Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM) in veterinary ophthalmology, focusing on its utility in evaluating the iridocorneal angle and ciliary body in dogs. We begin by outlining UBM's foundational principles, providing a holistic understanding of its operational mechanics. This is followed by an exploration of the techniques and considerations for optimal UBM imaging, including the use of topical anesthesia, probe positioning, and maintaining a controlled measurement environment.

Dexamethasone-Antibiotic Interactions in Canine Ocular Bacteria: In Vitro Susceptibility Changes in Common Corneal Infection Pathogens.

Objective: To investigate the impact of dexamethasone on the antibiotic susceptibility of common ocular pathogens in dogs and identify safe antibiotic-steroid combinations for veterinary ophthalmology.

Methods: This study utilized 30 bacterial isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Streptococcus canis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, collected from canine patients with suspected bacterial keratitis. The isolates were tested against 17 antibiotics in the presence of dexamethasone concentrations ranging from 0 to 2 mg/mL.

Therapeutic Potential of Dimethyl Sulfoxide Subconjunctival Injection in a Diabetic Retinopathy Rat Model.

Background/aim: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a complication of diabetes, causes damage to retinal blood vessels and can lead to vision impairment. Persistent high blood glucose levels contribute to this damage, and despite ongoing research, effective treatment options for DR remain limited. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in both in vivo and in vitro studies; however, its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent in the context of DR has not yet been explored.

Quantitative analysis of iridocorneal angle and ciliary cleft structures in canine eyes using ultrasound biomicroscopy.

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the relationship between the relative opening of the ICA (RO-ICA) and the structure of the ciliary cleft (CC) using Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM).

Materials And Methods: Clinical data from 31 eyes of 17 dogs at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Chungbuk National University, Korea, were analyzed. RO-ICA was categorized as "Slightly Narrow", "Narrow", "Open", and "Wide Open", with eyes further grouped into "Narrow" (including Slightly Narrow and Narrow) and "Open" (including Open and Wide Open) for analysis.

Gender differences in canine anterior chamber dimensions: Potential implications for primary angle-closure glaucoma.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore anatomical differences in the aqueous humor (AH) outflow pathway between male and female dogs using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).

Animals Studied: Clinical data were collected from 30 eyes of 30 dogs (15 males: 10 right eyes, 5 left eyes; and 15 females: 7 right eyes, 8 left eyes) treated at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungbuk National University, South Korea, between August 2018 and February 2024.

Procedure: The study conducted an in-depth UBM examination, specifically observing peripheral anterior chamber depth (ACD), geometric iridocorneal angle (ICA), and angle-opening distance (AOD) alongside measurements of ciliary cleft width (CCW), length (CCL), and area (CCA), and assessed the longitudinal fibers of ciliary muscle thickness (Lf-CMT) and the longitudinal and radial fibers of ciliary muscle thickness (LRf-CMT) for gender-based differences.

Bacterial isolates and antibiotic sensitivity in canine bacterial keratitis in Korea.

Objective: To analyze bacterial isolates associated with canine bacterial keratitis and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in Korea, focusing on multidrug resistance (MDR) and identifying effective antibiotic combinations for clinical treatment.

Animal Studied: A total of 146 dogs diagnosed with suspected bacterial keratitis between October 2022 and October 2023 in Korea, with 157 eye samples collected for analysis.

Procedure: Eye samples were cultured to isolate bacteria, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method.

Ultrasound biomicroscopy analysis of ciliary muscle dynamics and its relation to intra-ocular pressure after phacoemulsification in dogs.

Introduction: This study investigates the relationship between ciliary muscle dynamics, thickness, and the regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP), focusing on the progression of cataracts and changes post-phacoemulsification. It explores how these factors impact canine ocular health, particularly in the context of cataract development and subsequent surgical intervention.

Materials And Methods: Data was collected using Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM) from dogs at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungbuk National University, Korea.

Molecular detection and characterization of Acanthamoeba infection in dogs and its association with keratitis in Korea.

Acanthamoeba infection is associated with keratitis in humans; however, its association with keratitis in dogs remains unclear. To investigate this possibility, we collected 171 conjunctival swab samples from dogs with eye-related diseases (65 with keratitis and 106 without keratitis) at Chungbuk National University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Korea, from August 2021 to September 2022. Polymerase chain reaction identified 9 samples (5.

Beneficial Effect of Sirolimus-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation on Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a vision-threatening complication that affects virtually all diabetic patients. Various treatments have been attempted, but they have many side effects and limitations. Alternatively, stem cell therapy is being actively researched, but it faces challenges due to a low cell survival rate.

Tacrolimus Improves Therapeutic Efficacy of Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Diabetic Retinopathy by Suppressing DRP1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness in diabetic patients. Umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) are emerging as a promising new drug for degenerative disease associated with diabetes. Recent studies have shown that high glucose-increased excessive calcium levels are a major risk factor for mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) accumulation and apoptosis.

Preventive Effects of Exosome-Rich Conditioned Medium From Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats.

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important disease that causes vision loss in many diabetic patients. Stem cell therapy has been attempted for treatment of this disease; however, it has some limitations. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive efficacy of exosome-rich conditioned medium (ERCM) derived from amniotic membrane stem cells for DR in rats.

Genetic and immunological characterization of commercial infectious bronchitis virus vaccines used in Korea.

The aim of the study was to investigate the genetic and immunogenic features of commercial vaccines against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), which is a major contagious pathogen of poultry. Although numerous vaccines have been developed based on the genetic characteristics of field strains, the continual emergence of variants decreases vaccine efficacy and cross-protection. To address this issue, we compared the S1 gene sequences of three IBV vaccines commercially available in Korea with those of various field isolates.

Transcriptome analysis of primary chicken cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus strain K047-12 isolated in Korea.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), an avian coronavirus, is highly contagious. Chickens with IBV infection develop acute pathogenesis in multiple organs, including the respiratory and urogenital tracts. Frequent recombination in the spike (S) glycoprotein gene has made vaccine strategies ineffective.