Development of a Prediction Model for Acute Exacerbation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Study of the Korea IPF Cohort Registry.

Background: Acute exacerbation (AE) of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has the most disastrous impact on prognosis as a major cause of morbidity and mortality. However, there is no proven treatment, and the occurrence of AE is unpredictable. This study aimed to develop a prediction model for AE in patients with IPF using the nationwide Korea IPF Cohort (KICO) registry.

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses of nafamostat in ECMO patients: comparing central vein and ECMO machine samples.

Objectives: To better understand nafamostat mesylate (NM) dose requirements during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), this study investigated its pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) properties by comparing samples from the systemic circulation of patients and from the ECMO circuit. It specifically examined the relationship between NM concentration and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) changes, aiming to provide a foundation for future dosing optimization.

Methods: In this prospective study, 24 ECMO patients received a continuous infusion of NM through a dedicated stopcock located before the ECMO pump.

Role of blood Krebs von Lungen-6 in predicting acute exacerbation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: This study evaluated the role of blood Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) in predicting acute exacerbation (AE) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Methods: From April 2018 to March 2023, clinical data of 233 IPF patients with baseline and follow-up KL-6 values at Haeundae Paik Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. AE was defined following the criteria proposed by Collard et al.

Rituximab in systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundSystemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) is a prominent form of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease with high prevalence and poor prognosis. The therapeutic use of corticosteroids is often limited, and the efficacy of conventional treatment may be suboptimal in certain cases. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the clinical effects of rituximab in SSc-ILD compared to conventional treatments and investigated potential clinical benefits in patients with disease progression despite conventional therapy.

Targeting RBM39 with Tasisulam enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis through DR5 upregulation and Bcl-2 downregulation in renal cell carcinoma.

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells but faces limitations due to resistance mechanisms involving anti-apoptotic regulators such as Bcl-2. This study investigates Tasisulam, a molecular glue degrader, that degrades RNA-binding motif protein 39 (RBM39), as a sensitizer for TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Tasisulam enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis by activating both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, achieved through upregulation of death receptor 5 (DR5) and downregulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2).

Recent advances in anticancer mechanisms of molecular glue degraders: focus on RBM39-dgrading synthetic sulfonamide such as indisulam, E7820, tasisulam, and chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide.

Synthetic sulfonamide anticancer drugs, including E7820, indisulam, tasisulam, and chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide, exhibit diverse mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential, functioning as molecular glue degraders. E7820 targets RBM39, affecting RNA splicing and angiogenesis by suppressing integrin α2. Phase I studies have demonstrated some stability in advanced solid malignancies; however, further efficacy studies are required.

A study on the prevalence and prognosis of progressive pulmonary fibrosis: A retrospective observational study.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) encompasses a heterogeneous group of more than 200 diffuse parenchymal lung diseases with various clinical courses. Disease progression is one of the most important prognostic factors, and, the definition of progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) has recently been established. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of PPF among patients with non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in real-world practice.

Beyond One-Size-Fits-All: Tailoring Teicoplanin Regimens for Normal Renal Function Patients Using Population Pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo Simulation.

In patients with normal renal function, significant teicoplanin dose adjustments are often necessary. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for teicoplanin in healthy adults and use it to recommend optimal dosage regimens for patients with normal renal function. PK samples were obtained from 12 subjects and analyzed using a population approach.

Intrapulmonary and Systemic Pharmacokinetics of Colistin Following Nebulization of Low-Dose Colistimethate Sodium in Patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant .

Colistimethate sodium (CMS) nebulization is associated with reduced systemic toxicity compared to intravenous injection, with potentially enhanced clinical efficacy. This study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of colistin during low-dose CMS nebulization in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by carbapenem-resistant . A nonlinear mixed-effects modeling approach was applied to develop population PK models for colistin in both epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and plasma.

The association of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at intensive care unit discharge with intensive care unit readmission in the cardiac intensive care unit.

Aims: Unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) readmissions contribute to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The severity of patient illness at ICU discharge may predict early ICU readmission. Thus, in this study, we investigated the association of cardiac ICU (CICU) discharge Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score with unplanned CICU readmission in patients admitted to the CICU.

Antifibrotic Agents in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is a common extra-articular clinical manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that has negative impacts on morbidity and mortality. In addition, there has been no proven treatment for RA-ILD to date. Thus, we planned a meta-analysis of a literature search to confirm the clinical effects of antifibrotic agents in RA-ILD patients.

Efficacy of Pirfenidone According to Dose in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Prospective, Observational, Single-Center Cohort Study.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease with a poor prognosis. Pirfenidone is approved and widely used for the treatment of IPF and reduces lung function decline. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of different doses of pirfenidone for the prevention of disease progression in patients with IPF.

Suppression of TBCK enhances TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by causing the inactivation of the akt signaling pathway in human renal carcinoma Caki-1 cells.

Background: TBC1 domain-containing kinase (TBCK) protein functions as a growth suppressor in certain cell types and as a tumor promoter in others. Although TBCK knockdown increases the responsiveness of cancer cells to anticancer drugs, the detailed mechanisms by which TBCK knockdown increases susceptibility to anticancer drugs remain unknown.

Objective: This study analyzed the role of TBCK in sensitivities to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and doxorubicin in human renal cancer cells.

Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Cancer.

Phytochemicals are chemical compounds that exist in plants and serve various functions such as protecting against pests, UV radiation, and diseases [...

The Efficacy of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on functional performance, exercise-related oxygen saturation, and health-related quality of life among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). A total of 25 patients with IPF (13 in the PR group and 12 in the non-PR group) were enrolled between August 2019 and October 2021 at Haeundae-Paik Hospital in the Republic of Korea. A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), six-minute walk test (6MWT), pulmonary function test (PFT), Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), muscle strength test, and bioelectrical impedance analysis were performed in each group at baseline and after eight weeks of PR.

New prognostic scoring system for mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by modifying the gender, age, and physiology model with desaturation during the six-minute walk test.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD) with variable and heterogeneous clinical course. The GAP (gender, age, and physiology) model had been used to predict mortality in patients with IPF, but does not contain exercise capacity. Therefore, our aim in this study was to develop new prognostic scoring system in the Korea IPF Cohort (KICO) registry.

The clinical efficacy of a mixture of ivy leaf extract and coptidis rhizome in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease with poor prognosis and cough is the one of most common and major symptoms in IPF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a Mixture of Ivy Leaf Extract and Coptidis rhizome (Synatura®) in patients with IPF. This was a prospective, open-label, single-center, and single-arm study in Korea from October 2019 to September 2020.

Unravelling the Complex LiOH-Based Cathode Chemistry in Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

The LiOH-based cathode chemistry has demonstrated potential for high-energy Li-O batteries. However, the understanding of such complex chemistry remains incomplete. Herein, we use the combined experimental methods with ab initio calculations to study LiOH chemistry.

Dapagliflozin induces apoptosis by downregulating cFILP and increasing cFILP instability in Caki-1 cells.

Dapagliflozin is a sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor used recently to treat patients with type 2 diabetes. A recent study has demonstrated that dapagliflozin induces apoptosis in human renal and breast tumor cells. However, to the best of our knowledge, the molecular mechanism underlying dapagliflozin-mediated apoptosis in Caki-1 human renal carcinoma cells has not been elucidated.

Prognostic Value of C-Reactive Protein and Albumin in Neurocritically Ill Patients with Acute Stroke.

We evaluated the prognostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, CRP clearance (CRPc) and CRP/albumin ratio (CAR) in neurocritically ill patients with acute stroke. This is a retrospective, observational study. We included acute stroke patients who were hospitalized in the neurosurgical ICU from January 2013 to September 2019.

Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy for Diagnosing Interstitial Lung Disease: A Retrospective Single-Center Experience.

Background: An accurate diagnosis in patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) by multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) based on histopathologic information is essential for optimal treatment. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has increasingly been used as a diagnostic alternative to surgical lung biopsy. This study aimed to evaluate the appropriate methods of TBLC in patients with ILD in Korea.