Assessing accuracy, readability & reliability of AI-generated patient leaflets on Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

PurposeThis study assessed the readability, reliability and accuracy of patient information leaflets on Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK), generated by seven large language models (LLMs). The aim was to determine which LLM produced the most patient-friendly, comprehensible and evidence-based leaflet, measured against a leaflet written by clinicians from a tertiary centre.MethodsEach LLM was given the prompt, "Make a patient information leaflet on Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) surgery.

Ethnic Differences in the Rates of Posterior Capsule Rupture and Long-Term Sequelae in Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the rates of posterior capsular rupture (PCR) and its sequelae during phacoemulsification across different ethnicities. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of all consecutive phacoemulsification cases complicated by PCR that met the inclusion criteria over a four-year period at a single tertiary eye centre in the United Kingdom (UK). Results PCR occurred in 0.

Treatments for Ocular Diseases in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Narrative Review.

Pregnancy is a medical condition in which the physiological changes in the maternal body and the potential impact on the developing fetus require a cautious approach in terms of drug administration. Individual treatment, a thorough assessment of the extent of the disease, and a broad knowledge of the therapeutic options and different routes of administration of ophthalmic drugs are essential to ensure the best possible results while minimizing risks. Although there are currently several routes of administration of drugs for the treatment of eye diseases, even with topical administration, there is a certain amount of systemic absorption that must be taken into account.

Conjunctival transcriptomics in ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Purpose: Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (OcMMP) is an orphan disease characterized by chronic autoimmune-driven conjunctival inflammation leading to progressive scarring, debilitating symptoms, and blinding sequelae. This feasibility study aims to demonstrate conjunctival genetic transcriptomic analyses as a putative tool for interrogation of pathogenic signaling pathways in OcMMP.

Methods: Conjunctival RNA profiling using the NanoString nCounter Human Fibrosis panel was undertaken on RNA extracted from conjunctival swabs obtained from 6 MMP patients (8 eyes; 4 M/2F; median age 78 [range 64-84] years); and 8 age-matched control participants (15 eyes; 3 M/5F; median age 69.

High Astigmatism After Conventional Diameter Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty in Keratoconus Can Be Successfully Managed With Repeat Wide Diameter Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe a new surgical technique to replace a conventional diameter (≤8 mm) deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) graft with associated high astigmatism refractory to corneal-based astigmatic procedure/intolerance to contact lenses with a larger diameter (≥9 mm) DALK graft to improve best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA).

Methods: Two eyes from 2 keratoconic patients at Southend University Hospital between December 2019 and June 2021 with a minimum follow-up of 17 months were evaluated. The primary outcome of interest was Snellen BSCVA with a secondary outcome of topographic cylinder.

Evaluating patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for future clinical trials in adult patients with optic neuritis.

Objective: To search for and critically appraise the psychometric quality of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) developed or validated in optic neuritis, in order to support high-quality research and care.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE(Ovid), Embase(Ovid), PsycINFO(Ovid) and CINAHLPlus(EBSCO), and additional grey literature to November 2021, to identify PROM development or validation studies applicable to optic neuritis associated with any systemic or neurologic disease in adults. We included instruments developed using classic test theory or Rasch analysis approaches.

Intravitreal dexamethasone to manage post endothelial keratoplasty cystoid macular oedema refractory to topical therapy.

Background/objectives: To describe the visual and clinical outcomes of patients with post endothelial keratoplasty (EK) cystoid macular oedema (CMO) refractory to topical treatment with intravitreal sustained-release dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex).

Subjects/methods: 131 eyes from 111 patients undergoing solitary or combined EK (52 DSAEK (40.0%) and 79 DMEK (60.

Comparing the outcomes of YAG laser anterior capsulotomies performed by an advanced nurse practitioner to ophthalmologists in the management of anterior capsular contraction syndrome.

Background: Anterior capsular contraction syndrome (ACCS) describes the progressive fibrotic phimosis of the anterior capsular bag that usually occurs a few months after cataract surgery. YAG laser anterior capsulotomy (YAGAC) is the most common treatment option due to the low-risk profile of this intervention.

Purpose: In this series, we evaluated the outcomes of an advanced nurse practitioner (ANP) in conducting this laser intervention, comparing the results with those of ophthalmologists.

Evaluating patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for clinical trials and clinical practice in adult patients with uveitis or scleritis: a systematic review.

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) capture impact of disease and treatment on quality of life, and have an emerging role in clinical trial outcome measurement. This study included a systematic review and quality appraisal of PROMs developed or validated for use in adults with uveitis or scleritis. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and grey literature sources, to 5 November 2021.

Deposition keratopathy.

Material can be deposited in the cornea as a result of a wide range of systemic and ophthalmic diseases, as well as local and systemic therapies. Causes include local infection or trauma, systemic malignancy, a wide range of medications and a host of genetic and metabolic diseases. Some of these can be acutely life threatening, so generalists caring for both children and adults should have a basic awareness of the pattern and distribution of corneal deposits to facilitate timely diagnosis, investigation, management or onward referral to avoid significant morbidity or mortality.

"Comparing outcomes of advanced nurse practitioners to ophthalmologists performing posterior YAG capsulotomy, a six-year study of 6308 eyes".

Purpose: To primarily report the baseline characteristics and visual acuity (VA) outcomes of advanced nurse practitioners (ANP) compared to ophthalmologists following YAG posterior capsulotomy (YAGPC). We secondarily looked to characterise the risk factors that lead to a repeated YAGPC.

Method: Retrospective consecutive case series of 6,308 eyes attending the Birmingham and Midlands Eye Centre.

Evaluating the quality and readability of online information on keratoconus treatment.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the quality and readability of online resources on keratoconus treatment.

Methods: A Google.com search was conducted on August 9, 2020; 32 web sites were selected for analysis.

Acquired nystagmus.

Nystagmus is the repetitive to and fro movement of the eyes, which may be physiological or pathological. The movements can be horizontal, vertical, torsional or a combination of these movements. It starts by a slow movement of the eye away from the visual target.

Transient facial nerve palsy following dental local anaesthesia.

Facial nerve palsy is a rare but known complication of dental local anaesthesia and may be underreported. We describe a case of a transient facial nerve palsy following the administration of an inferior alveolar nerve block and discuss the immediate practical management. Knowing the likely transient nature of this complication means the patient can be reassured and unnecessary referral avoided.

Instrument-based Tests for Measuring Anterior Chamber Cells in Uveitis: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: New instrument-based techniques for anterior chamber (AC) cell counting can offer automation and objectivity above clinician assessment. This review aims to identify such instruments and its correlation with clinician estimates.

Methods: Using standard systematic review methodology, we identified and tabulated the outcomes of studies reporting reliability and correlation between instrument-based measurements and clinician AC cell grading.