The neglected model validation of antimicrobial resistance transmission models - a systematic review.

Background: In the fight against antimicrobial resistance, mathematical transmission models have been shown as a valuable tool to guide intervention strategies in public health.

Objective: This review investigates the persistence of modelling gaps identified in earlier studies. It expands the scope to include a broader range of control measures, such as monoclonal antibodies, and examines the impact of secondary infections.

A SpA+LukAB vaccine targeting Staphylococcus aureus evasion factors restricts infection in two minipig infection models.

Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of bacterial infection-related deaths. Increasing antimicrobial resistance highlights the urgent need for effective preventative strategies. Antibody-mediated opsonophagocytosis, the key mechanism for protection against S.

Economic and Disease Burden Associated with Invasive Escherichia coli Disease in the United States.

Introduction: Invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED) incidence has increased over recent years among aging populations and has rising antimicrobial resistance. Here, we report on a comparative, cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of US patients with IED to quantify IED-related healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), costs, and impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods: This study included Kaiser Permanente Northwest (KPNW) members aged ≥ 60 years enrolled between July 2019 and January 2020.

Risk of Invasive Escherichia coli (E. coli) Disease After Elective Urologic Procedures Among Older Adults in the United States.

Introduction: Little is known about the risk of invasive E. coli disease (IED) after elective urologic procedures. We estimated the risk of IED after selected urologic procedures in patients with or without antibiotic prophylaxis, and in controls with no urologic or other surgical procedures.

Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients Who Have Survived an Episode of Sepsis in the United States: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Sepsis is a serious condition that may lead to death or profoundly affect the well-being of those who survive. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and summarize evidence on the impact of all-cause sepsis on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical, cognitive, and psychological outcomes among sepsis survivors in the USA.

Methods: Studies assessing HRQoL, physical, cognitive, and psychological outcomes in patients who survived an episode of sepsis and published from January 1, 2010, to September 30, 2023, were systematically identified through EMBASE, MEDLINE, and MEDLINE In-Process databases, as well as through gray literature.

Epidemiology of invasive disease in adults in England, 2013-2017.

Extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) causes invasive disease (IED), including bacteraemia and (uro)sepsis, resulting in a high disease burden, especially among older adults. This study describes the epidemiology of IED in England (2013-2017) by combining laboratory surveillance and clinical data. A total of 191 612 IED cases were identified.

Expert consensus on antimicrobial resistance research priorities to focus development and implementation of antibacterial vaccines and monoclonal antibodies.

To reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR), pathogen-specific AMR burden data are crucial to guide target selection for research and development of vaccines and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). We identified knowledge gaps through previously conducted systematic reviews, which informed a Delphi expert consultation on future AMR research priorities and harmonisation strategies to support data-driven decision-making. Consensus (≥80% agreement) on importance and feasibility of research topics was achieved in two rounds, involving 24 of 39 and 19 of 24 invited experts, respectively.

Unbiased identification of risk factors for invasive Escherichia coli disease using machine learning.

Background: Invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED), also known as invasive extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli disease, is a leading cause of sepsis and bacteremia in older adults that can result in hospitalization and sometimes death and is frequently associated with antimicrobial resistance. Moreover, certain patient characteristics may increase the risk of developing IED.

A microbiological and genomic perspective of globally collected Escherichia coli from adults hospitalized with invasive E. coli disease.

Objectives: Escherichia coli can cause infections in the urinary tract and in normally sterile body sites leading to invasive E. coli disease (IED), including bacteraemia and sepsis, with older populations at increased risk. We aimed to estimate the theoretical coverage rate by the ExPEC4V and 9V vaccine candidates.

Clinical presentation and antimicrobial resistance of invasive Escherichia coli disease in hospitalized older adults: a prospective multinational observational study.

Background: Clinical data characterizing invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED) are limited. We assessed the clinical presentation of IED and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of causative E. coli isolates in older adults.

Impact of Invasive Escherichia Coli Disease on Clinical Outcomes and Medical Resource Utilization Among Asian Patients in the United States.

Introduction: Invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED) can lead to sepsis and death and is associated with a substantial burden. Yet, there is scarce information on the burden of IED in Asian patients.

Methods: This retrospective study used US hospital data from the PINC AI™ Healthcare database (October 2015-March 2020) to identify IED cases among patients aged ≥ 60 years.

Feasibility of tracking invasive Escherichia coli disease among older adults in a community setting: A prospective observational study.

Purpose: Invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED) encompasses a diverse range of sterile site infections. This study evaluated the feasibility of capturing IED among community-dwelling older adults to inform the implementation of a phase 3 efficacy trial of a novel vaccine against IED (NCT04899336).

Methods: EXPECT-1 (NCT04087681) was a prospective, multinational, observational study conducted in medically stable participants aged ≥ 60 years.

Enhancement and external validation of algorithms using diagnosis codes to identify invasive disease.

Objective: To assess the predictive accuracy of code-based algorithms for identifying invasive ( disease (IED) among inpatient encounters in US hospitals.

Methods: The PINC AI Healthcare Database (10/01/2015-03/31/2020) was used to assess the performance of six published code-based algorithms to identify IED cases among inpatient encounters. Case-confirmed IEDs were identified based on microbiological confirmation of in a normally sterile body site (Group 1) or in urine with signs of sepsis (Group 2).

Clinical burden of invasive Escherichia coli disease among older adult patients treated in hospitals in the United States.

Background: Invasive extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli disease (IED) can lead to severe outcomes, particularly among older adults. However, the clinical burden of IED in the U.S.

Economic burden of invasive disease among older adult patients treated in hospitals in the United States.

Although invasive disease (IED) can lead to severe clinical outcomes, little is known about the associated medical resource use and cost burden of IED in US hospitals. To comprehensively describe medical resource use and costs associated with IED during the initial IED event and over the subsequent 12 months. Patients aged 60 years or older with 1 or more IED encounters were identified from the PINC AI Healthcare US hospital database (October 1, 2015, to March 31, 2020).

Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Invasive Disease in Patients Admitted in Tertiary Care Hospitals.

Background: Invasive disease (IED), including bloodstream infection, sepsis, and septic shock, can lead to high hospitalization and mortality rates. This multinational study describes the clinical profile of patients with IED in tertiary care hospitals.

Methods: We applied clinical criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, or septic shock to patients hospitalized with culture-confirmed from urine or a presumed sterile site.

Performance characteristics of code-based algorithms to identify urinary tract infections in large United States administrative claims databases.

Background: In real-world evidence research, reliability of coding in healthcare databases dictates the accuracy of code-based algorithms in identifying conditions such as urinary tract infection (UTI). This study evaluates the performance characteristics of code-based algorithms to identify UTI.

Methods: Retrospective observational study of adults contained within three large U.

Development and performance characteristics of novel code-based algorithms to identify invasive Escherichia coli disease.

Purpose: Evaluation of novel code-based algorithms to identify invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED) among patients in healthcare databases.

Methods: Inpatient visits with microbiological evidence of invasive bacterial disease were extracted from the Optum© electronic health record database between January 1, 2016 and June 30, 2020. Six algorithms, derived from diagnosis and drug exposure codes associated to infectious diseases and Escherichia coli, were developed to identify IED.

Genomics and pathotypes of the many faces of Escherichia coli.

Escherichia coli is the most researched microbial organism in the world. Its varied impact on human health, consisting of commensalism, gastrointestinal disease, or extraintestinal pathologies, has generated a separation of the species into at least eleven pathotypes (also known as pathovars). These are broadly split into two groups, intestinal pathogenic E.

Global Distribution of O Serotypes and Antibiotic Resistance in Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Collected From the Blood of Patients With Bacteremia Across Multiple Surveillance Studies.

Background: Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is the leading cause of bacteremia worldwide, with older populations having increased risk of invasive bacterial disease. Increasing resistance to first-line antibiotics and emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains represent major treatment challenges. ExPEC O serotypes are key targets for potential multivalent conjugate vaccine development.

Epidemiology and O-Serotypes of Extraintestinal Pathogenic Disease in Patients Undergoing Transrectal Ultrasound Prostate Biopsy: A Prospective Multicenter Study.

Purpose: Extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) are a leading cause of invasive infections in adults. The study aimed to evaluate the incidence of microbiologically confirmed invasive ExPEC disease in patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy (TRUS-PNB), O-serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance profiles of associated isolates.

Materials And Methods: Adult men (≥18 years) undergoing TRUS-PNB were enrolled.

Epidemiology of Escherichia coli Bacteremia: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background: Escherichia coli is the most common cause of bacteremia in high-income countries. To enable the development and implementation of effective prevention strategies, a better understanding of the current epidemiology of invasive E. coli infections is needed.