Australasian Sleep Association 2024 guidelines for sleep studies in adults.

Executive summary: This document is a consensus statement of a subcommittee of experienced sleep physicians and scientists, tasked to review the literature and formulate recommendations on the indications, performance, and reporting of sleep studies, to update clinical practice from the 2017 Australasian Sleep Association (ASA) guidelines for sleep studies in adults (Douglas JA, Chai-Coetzer CL, McEvoy D, et al. Guidelines for sleep studies in adults - a position statement of the Australasian Sleep Association. Sleep Med.

Affordable housing through the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program and opioid overdose emergency department visits.

Introduction: The United States continues to experience an opioid overdose crisis. As a key social determinant of health, housing insecurity may contribute to initiation of substance use and can threaten outcomes for those with substance use disorders by increasing stress, risky substance use, discontinuity of treatment, and return to use, all of which may increase the risk of overdose. The Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program supports access to rental housing for low-income populations.

Comparative Effectiveness of Supine Avoidance versus Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Treating Supine-isolated Sleep Apnea: A Clinical Trial.

About 20-35% of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have supine-isolated OSA, for which supine sleep avoidance could be an effective therapy. However, traditional supine discomfort-based methods show poor tolerance and compliance to treatment and so cannot be recommended. Supine alarm devices show promise, but evidence to support favorable adherence to treatment and effectiveness at reducing excessive daytime sleepiness compared with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains limited.

Efficacy of a Novel Telehealth Application in Health Behavior Modification and Symptomology in Military Service Members at Risk for Post-traumatic Osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Mobile applications (apps) may be beneficial to promote self-management strategies to mitigate the risk of developing post-traumatic osteoarthritis in military members following a traumatic knee injury. This study investigated the efficacy of a mobile app in facilitating behavior modification to improve function and symptomology among military members.

Materials And Methods: This is a preliminary pre and post hoc analysis of a randomized control trial.

Establishing the acute physiological and sleep disruption characteristics of wind farm versus road traffic noise disturbances in sleep: a randomized controlled trial protocol.

Study Objectives: Despite the global expansion of wind farms, effects of wind farm noise (WFN) on sleep remain poorly understood. This protocol details a randomized controlled trial designed to compare the sleep disruption characteristics of WFN versus road traffic noise (RTN).

Methods: This study was a prospective, seven night within-subjects randomized controlled in-laboratory polysomnography-based trial.

The Association of Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Units and Reports of Child Abuse and Neglect.

Introduction: Poverty broadly and financial stress owing to housing insecurity specifically are associated with an increased risk of child maltreatment. Therefore, it is possible that a program designed to increase access to affordable housing such as the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program could reduce child maltreatment. The purpose of this study is to examine the association of the availability of housing units through the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program with the rates of child maltreatment reports, including reports for physical abuse and neglect, at the state and county levels.

Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Patients with Motor Neurone Disease: One Size Does Not Fit all.

Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in patients with motor neurone disease (MND) is normally attributed to hypoventilation due to muscle weakness. However, we have observed different patterns of SDB among MND patients referred for non-invasive ventilation, which do not appear to be explained by respiratory muscle weakness alone.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of SDB in MND.

Cognition in schizophrenia improves with treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnoea: A pilot study.

Previous studies have shown that people with schizophrenia have high rates of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA). Despite this, intervention studies to treat OSA in this population have not been undertaken. The ASSET (Assessing Sleep in Schizophrenia and Evaluating Treatment) pilot study investigated Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) treatment of severe OSA in participants recruited from a clozapine clinic in Adelaide.

Obstructive sleep apnoea is more prevalent in men with schizophrenia compared to general population controls: results of a matched cohort study.

Objectives:: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) may be more common in people with schizophrenia compared to the general population, but the relative prevalence is unknown. Here, we determine the relative prevalence of severe OSA in a cohort of men with schizophrenia compared to representative general population controls, and investigate the contribution of age and body mass index (BMI) to differences in prevalence.

Methods:: Rates of severe OSA (apnoea-hypopnoea index > 30) were compared between male patients with schizophrenia and controls from a representative general population study of OSA.

Choosing an Oronasal Mask to Deliver Continuous Positive Airway Pressure May Cause More Upper Airway Obstruction or Lead to Higher Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Requirements than a Nasal Mask in Some Patients: A Case Series.

Study Objectives: The choice of mask interface used with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy can affect the control of upper airway obstruction (UAO) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We describe a case series of four patients with paradoxical worsening of UAO with an oronasal mask and the effect of changing to a nasal mask.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the case histories of 4 patients and recorded patient demographics, in-laboratory and ambulatory CPAP titration data, CPAP therapy data, type of mask interface used and potential confounding factors.

Obstructive sleep apnea and schizophrenia: A systematic review to inform clinical practice.

Background: Risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are common in people with schizophrenia. Identification and treatment of OSA may improve physical health in this population; however there are no guidelines to inform screening and management.

Objectives: Systematic review to determine, in people with schizophrenia and related disorders: the prevalence of OSA; the prevalence of OSA compared to general population controls; the physical and psychiatric correlates of OSA, associations between antipsychotic medications and OSA; the impact of treatment of OSA on psychiatric and physical health; and the diagnostic validity of OSA screening tools.

Accurate position monitoring and improved supine-dependent obstructive sleep apnea with a new position recording and supine avoidance device.

Study Objectives: Approximately 30% of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients have supine-predominant OSA, and simply avoiding supine sleep should normalise respiratory disturbance event rates. However, traditional supine-avoidance therapies are inherently uncomfortable, and treatment adherence is poor and difficult to monitor objectively. This study evaluated the efficacy of a novel, potentially more acceptable position monitor and supine-avoidance device for managing supine-predominant OSA and snoring.

Poor long-term patient compliance with the tennis ball technique for treating positional obstructive sleep apnea.

Study Objectives: Little is known regarding long-term patient compliance with the tennis ball technique (TBT), one of the original simple methods of positional therapy (i.e., avoiding the supine posture during sleep) for posture-dependent obstructive sleep apnea patients.

Central sleep apnea on commencement of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with a primary diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea.

Introduction: Central sleep apnea (CSA) may occur in patients with snoring and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH) during commencement of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. The presence of CSA may limit the effectiveness of CPAP therapy. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of CSA amongst patients starting CPAP for OSAH and to identify possible predictors of this condition.

Mild hypoxia does not suppress auditory arousal from NREM sleep.

Study Objectives: The depressive effects of hypoxia on the central nervous system are well known. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of mild overnight hypoxia on the ability of healthy individuals to arouse from non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep to auditory tones.

Design: Randomized cross-over.

Noninvasive cardiovascular markers of acoustically induced arousal from non-rapid-eye-movement sleep.

Study Objectives: Changes in cardiovascular measures such as heart rate (HR) and pulse transit time (PTT) have been advocated as sensitive markers of autonomic arousal from sleep. In animal studies, alerting stimuli produce particularly marked skin vascular responses. We hypothesized that changes in skin vascular conductance would provide more sensitive markers of autonomic arousal during sleep compared to central cardiovascular response measures such as HR and PTT.

Insomniacs' perception of wake instead of sleep.

Study Objectives: To establish if insomniacs' underestimation of sleep time is due to reduced ability to discriminate between sleeping and waking states.

Design: Two night's home polysomnography were compared to sleep diaries. Five laboratory nights employed a series of recorded questions regarding perception of prior sleep-wake state, which were presented during sustained wake and interrupted Stage 2 and REM sleep.