Selection of Lower instrumented vertebra in early-onset scoliosis at index growth rod insertion- can we predict distal add-on at graduation surgery?

Background: There are still no consensus criteria on how to select the lower instrumented vertebra (LIV) for growing rods (GRs) at index surgery. The aim was to evaluate whether the criteria used for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis fusion adapts to early-onset scoliosis (EOS).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data in a consecutive cohort of patients with EOS treated with GR, expanding from index surgery to 2 years after graduation.

Return to sports activities following posterior scoliosis correction and instrumented fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and its correlation to Lenke classification.

Introduction: There is a paucity of information or guidelines regarding return to sports activities after posterior scoliosis surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Research Question: Review the rate of return to sports and correlation to Lenke type following surgery for AIS in a tertiary center for pediatric spinal deformity.

Materials And Methods: Ninety patients were identified to have undergone surgery for AIS from 2016 to 2017 and were sent a return to sport questionnaire.

Preoperative and Postoperative, Three-dimensional Gait Analysis in Surgically Treated Patients With High-grade Spondylolisthesis.

Background: High-grade spondylolisthesis (HGS) (Myerding grade III-V) in adolescents can lead to a marked alteration of gait pattern and maybe the presenting symptom in these patients. This characteristic gait pattern in patients with HGS has been referred to as the "pelvic waddle." Modern 3-dimensional (3D) gait analysis serves an important tool to objectively analyze the different components of this characteristic gait preoperatively and postoperatively and is an objective measure of postoperative improvement.

Magnetically controlled growing rods in the treatment of early onset scoliosis: a single centre experience of 44 patients with mean follow-up of 4.1 years.

Aims: Magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR) have been gaining popularity in the management of early-onset scoliosis (EOS) over the past decade. We present our experience with the first 44 MCGR consecutive cases treated at our institution.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of consecutive cases of MCGR performed in our institution between 2012 and 2018.

Minimizing the need for high dependency unit support in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery. Is enhanced recovery and the multidisciplinary team key?

Current trends in the surgical treatment of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) involve the use of high dependency unit (HDU) in the postoperative period. The British Scoliosis Society also recommends the availability of HDU support in the postoperative period for these patients. However, this practice may lead to unexpected theatre cancellations due to lack of availability of HDU bed on the day of surgery.

A novel technique for the subfascial insertion of magnetically controlled growing rods - The Alder Hey technique.

Purpose: In this study, we would like to describe a novel technique for subfascial insertion of magnetically controlled growing rods using chest drain during surgery for early-onset scoliosis.

Materials And Methods: Posterior approach, surgical dissection to the spine is performed exposing the relevant anatomy to allow placement of pedicle screws always in the distal construct and pedicle screws or hooks in the proximal construct. To allow easy passage of the Magnetic Expansion Control (MAGEC) rod, as well as easy maneuvering of the rod in either the cranial to caudal direction, we use a chest drain of size 24 French diameter as a tunnel.

A multicentre retrospective review of muscle necrosis of the leg following spinal surgery with motor evoked potential monitoring: a cause for concern?

Purpose: There are very few reported cases of compartment syndrome of the leg following spinal surgery via a posterior approach. An association between compartment syndrome and muscle over-activity via nerve stimulation during evoked potential monitoring was first suggested in 2003. No further reports have suggested this link.

Does walking change the Romberg sign?

The Romberg sign helps demonstrate loss of postural control as a result of severely compromised proprioception. There is still no standard approach to applying the Romberg test in clinical neurology and the criteria for and interpretation of an abnormal result continue to be debated. The value of this sign and its adaptation when walking was evaluated.

Histology and pathology of the human intervertebral disc.

The intervertebral disc is a highly organized matrix laid down by relatively few cells in a specific manner. The central gelatinous nucleus pulposus is contained within the more collagenous anulus fibrosus laterally and the cartilage end plates inferiorly and superiorly. The anulus consists of concentric rings or lamellae, with fibers in the outer lamellae continuing into the longitudinal ligaments and vertebral bodies.

Traction radiography performed under general anesthetic: a new technique for assessing idiopathic scoliosis curves.

Study Design: A prospective review of 24 patients with late-onset idiopathic scoliosis. OBJECTIVES.: To compare curve flexibility measured using supine bending radiography and traction radiography; to examine the correlation of each technique with postoperative correction; and to determine the influence of each technique on the decision to perform concomitant anterior release surgery with posterior instrumentation.

Clinical and radiographic predictors of scoliosis in patients with myelomeningocele.

Background: The prevalence of scoliosis in patients with myelomeningocele has been reported to be as high as 80% to 90% in some studies. However, those studies included patients with both congenital and developmental curves. The variation in the patient population as well as the definition of scoliosis in those studies made it difficult to predict the true prevalence of scoliosis in these patients.

Spinal trauma: therapy--options and outcomes.

The management of patients with spinal trauma is based on the following goals: (1) the preservation of life; (2) preserving and maximising the neurological function; and (3) providing a stable, painless vertebral column. There have been advances in both non operative as well operative modalities of treatment of patients with spinal injuries. These advances have led to renewed interest in the management of a spinally injured patient.