Co-Designing AI-Generated Vaping Awareness Materials With Adolescents and Young Adults: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Developing mass meda campaigns to address rising youth vaping rates in Australia is timely and resource-intensive. Generative AI offers scalable content production, but little is known about youth perceptions of AI-generated multimedia materials or how their feedback can inform co-design processes.

Methods: We conducted a two-phase qualitative study in Queensland, Australia.

Cannabis Vaping in Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Objective: The use of electronic vaporisers to deliver cannabis ('cannabis vaping') has increased rapidly among young people. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarise current evidence on the psychosocial characteristics of adolescents and young adults who vape cannabis.

Method: PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for original publications since 2003.

Generative Artificial Intelligence With Youth Codesign to Create Vaping Awareness Advertisements.

Importance: Traditional approaches to developing youth vaping awareness campaigns are time-consuming and can create critical delays in public health response. Although generative artificial intelligence (AI) offers promising capabilities for health communication, research has been limited to text-only messages.

Objective: To evaluate (1) the perceived message effectiveness (PME) of AI-generated, youth-codesigned vaping awareness social media advertisements (ads) compared with existing ads from official health agencies and (2) how different source labeling is associated with PME.

Adolescent Cannabis Vaping Trends (2021-2023): Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, Cannabidiol, and Synthetic Cannabinoids.

Introduction: This study tracks national prevalence trends in the vaping of different cannabinoids among U.S. youths.

Trends in Social Norms Toward Cigarette Smoking and E-cigarette Use Among U.S. Youth Between 2015 and 2021.

Introduction: This study examines trends in social norms toward cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use among US youth during 2015-2021, focusing on descriptive interpersonal norms (friends' behavior) and injunctive norms at interpersonal (perceived important others' negative view) and societal level (perceived public disapproval).

Methods: Respondents were youth aged 12 to 17 from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study of the United States, Wave 3 (2015-2016) to Wave 6 (2021). Logistic regression models that adjusted for demographics and participation effects assessed norm changes over time and their association with use status in Wave 6.

A qualitative systematic thematic review of motivations for medical use of prescription stimulants among adults with ADHD.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Stimulant use among adults has increased, yet their motivations remain underexplored. This systematic thematic review synthesizes qualitative research on why adults use prescription stimulants for ADHD.

Applying Patient and Health Professional Preferences in Co-Designing a Digital Brief Intervention to Reduce the Risk of Prescription Opioid-Related Harm Among Patients With Chronic Noncancer Pain: Qualitative Analysis.

Background: Few personalized behavioral treatments are available to reduce the risk of prescription opioid-related harm among patients with chronic noncancer pain.

Objective: We aimed to report on the second phase of the co-design of a digital brief intervention (BI) based on patient and health professional preferences.

Methods: Eligible patients with chronic noncancer pain (n=18; 10 women; mean age 49.

Tobacco smoking in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Population-level smoking (cigarette or tobacco or nicotine use) has reduced in high-income nations, but not proportionally compared to less developed regions. This study aimed to estimate smoking prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Approach: Databases searched included PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, African Journal Online, the Global Health Data Exchange and Google Scholar.

A mixed-methods study of staff perspectives on the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of patient-reported routine outcome measures and feedback in alcohol and other drug treatment.

Introduction: Preliminary evidence supports the use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) and feedback for enhancing client outcomes in alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment. However, successful implementation remains challenging. This mixed-methods study applied the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) framework to examine inner setting and staff characteristics that act as barriers and facilitators to the implementation of PROMs in AOD treatment.

Co-Designing a Digital Brief Intervention to Reduce the Risk of Prescription Opioid-Related Harm Among People With Chronic Noncancer Pain: Qualitative Analysis of Patient Lived Experiences.

Background: Opioid medications are important for pain management, but many patients progress to unsafe medication use. With few personalized and accessible behavioral treatment options to reduce potential opioid-related harm, new and innovative patient-centered approaches are urgently needed to fill this gap.

Objective: This study involved the first phase of co-designing a digital brief intervention to reduce the risk of opioid-related harm by investigating the lived experience of chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) in treatment-seeking patients, with a particular focus on opioid therapy experiences.

Examining the Relationship of Cannabis use Patterns, Mental Health, and Sociodemographic Factors: A Focus on Cannabis Vaping, Smoking and Dual-Use.

Background: Cannabis vaping, and co-use with cannabis smoking, can exacerbate the risks of developing respiratory diseases and cannabis dependence. This study aims to examine the mental health profiles and sociodemographic correlates of adults who vape cannabis and engage in dual cannabis use (vaping/ smoking), compared to those who smoke cannabis.

Methods: The most recent, cross-sectional wave of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (Wave 6) was used in this study.

The relationship between young people, social media use and alcohol use: A prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Social media use is now a significant part of modern daily life. Little is known about how social media impacts young peoples' drinking behaviours and drinking-related consequences. This cohort study aims to explore the prospective relationship between social media use and future drinking.

Swipe to Inhale: Tobacco-Related Content on Social Media and Susceptibility to Tobacco Use.

Introduction: Research has linked youth exposure and engagement with tobacco-related content on social media to behavioral changes; however, there is a lack of studies exploring the source and types of such content and their impact on youth's susceptibility to tobacco use. This study examined the association between the type and source of content posted on social media and susceptibility to tobacco use, defined as curiosity or intention to use tobacco or e-cigarettes.

Methods: Data were from the Population Assessment Tobacco and Health study, a nationally representative cohort study of U.

The Gaming Disorder Identification Test (GADIT) - A screening tool for Gaming Disorder based on ICD-11.

Background: Gaming Disorder was included as an addictive disorder in the latest version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), published in 2022. The present study aimed to develop a screening tool for Gaming Disorder, the Gaming Disorder Identification Test (GADIT), based on the four ICD-11 diagnostic criteria: impaired control, increasing priority, continued gaming despite harm, and functional impairment.

Method: We reviewed 297 questionnaire items from 48 existing gaming addiction scales and selected 68 items based on content validity.

Effectiveness of cannabis use and cannabis use disorder interventions: a European and international data synthesis.

This data synthesis examined the effectiveness of behavioural and pharmacological approaches for cannabis treatment. We integrated findings from high level evidence studies and prioritised data from Europe when available. The synthesis found that only a relatively small number of published behavioural and pharmacological studies on cannabis interventions have been conducted in Europe.

The nature and characteristics of problem gaming, with a focus on ICD-11 diagnoses.

Purpose Of Review: This review describes the diagnoses related to problem gaming that are included in ICD-11, published by the WHO in 2022. It summarizes the recent literature on the prevalence of Gaming Disorder, its structure, antecedents and comorbidities, and explores whether the range of diagnoses currently available adequately covers the range of experiences seen with problem gaming.

Recent Findings: Overall, between 3 and 6% of the population worldwide are reported to have a gaming disorder as defined by ICD-11 or DSM-5.

Alcohol use and alcohol use disorders in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Population-level alcohol use data are available from high-income countries, but limited research has been conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize population-level alcohol use in sub-Saharan Africa.

Method: Databases searched included PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and AJOL, without language restrictions.

Training the Next Generation of Data Monitoring Committee Members: An Initiative of the Heart Failure Collaboratory.

Clinical trials are vital for assessing therapeutic interventions. The associated data monitoring committees (DMCs) safeguard patient interests and enhance trial integrity, thus promoting timely, reliable evaluations of those interventions. We face an urgent need to recruit and train new DMC members.

Designing observational studies for credible causal inference in addiction research-Directed acyclic graphs, modified disjunctive cause criterion and target trial emulation.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard for causal inference. With a sufficient sample size, randomization removes confounding up to the time of randomization and allows the treatment effect to be isolated. However, RCTs may have limited generalizability and transportability and are often not feasible in addiction research due to ethical or logistical constraints.

Participation in Australian drug treatment programs for individuals engaging in high-risk substance use: Data from a nationally representative sample.

Introduction: Substance use, including drugs, alcohol and smoking have a significant health, social and economic impact. We aim to assess the rate and factors associated with treatment access among individuals with high-risk substance use.

Method: This study is a cross-sectional analysis of the 2019 Australian National Drug Strategy Household Survey (N = 22,015).

The contribution of pain catastrophizing, depression and anxiety symptoms among patients with persistent pain and opioid misuse behaviours.

Background: Anxiety, depression and pain catastrophizing are independently associated with risk of opioid misuse in patients with persistent pain but their relationship to current opioid misuse, when considered together, is poorly understood. This study will assess the relative contribution of these modifiable, and distinct psychological constructs to current opioid misuse in patients with persistent pain.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-seven patients referred to a specialized opioid management clinic for prescription opioid misuse within a tertiary pain service were recruited for this study.