Efficacy and risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw for pamidronate, zoledronic acid, and denosumab in comparison to alendronate in multiple myeloma patients.

Background: Approximately 70% of multiple myeloma patients develop pathologic fractures. Osteoclast inhibitors can provide reduction in vertebral fractures with an increased risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). ONJ associated with currently used osteoclast inhibitors causes significant morbidity, often from delayed diagnosis and ineffective treatment.

Statin Therapy and Pancreatitis: A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Analysis.

Introduction:  Acute pancreatitis is a serious condition that has numerous etiologies and often requires hospital admission due to its high mortality rates. Statins are used worldwide to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Some studies have shown an association between long-term statin use and acute pancreatitis.

Endoscopic Disease Activity and Biologic Therapy Are Independent Predictors of Suboptimal Bowel Preparation in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Undergoing Colonoscopy.

Background And Aims: Optimal bowel preparation (BP) is critical for endoscopic assessment of inflammation and dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Comorbidities and patient-related factors have been associated with suboptimal BP (SOBP) in the general population. We sought to identify disease-specific characteristics that may impact the quality of BP in patients with IBD.

The Use of Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser for Treatment of Hypertrophic Port-Wine Stain.

Port-wine stains (also called nevus flammeus) are congenital malformations of the capillaries and postcapillary venules. They occur in 0.1-2% of newborns without sex predilection.

Corticosteroid and Biologic Use Not Associated With Adverse Outcomes for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19.

Background: To date, studies investigating the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patient experience with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have consistently reported that the observed rate of COVID-19 within this population is similar to the general population. Limited research has suggested that corticosteroid use in the IBD population may be associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes, but it is still yet to be determined if specific IBD-related clinical factors are associated with worse outcomes. Our goal was to describe clinical COVID-19 outcomes for IBD patients and to identify the clinical factors that may be associated with worse outcomes.

Analysis of Fracture Incidence in 135 Patients With Pregnancy and Lactation Osteoporosis (PLO).

Pregnancy and lactation-related osteoporosis (PLO) is the development of osteoporosis in a premenopausal woman, usually in the third trimester of pregnancy or puerperium. The hormonal changes that allow for the maternal-fetal calcium gradient may be the underlying cause for bone loss, but it is not currently known why some women are affected so severely. Because osteoporosis does not cause symptoms until the condition is advanced, diagnosis is usually made upon the development of an osteoporotic fracture or incidentally when imaging is performed for other reasons.

Increased Risk of Second Primary Malignancy and Mortality at ten Years After Stem Cell Transplant for Multiple Myeloma: An Analysis of 14,532 Patients.

Background The landscape for patients with multiple myeloma has improved dramatically over the last 15 years. Immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs) have shown great efficacy in both the setting of initial therapy and as maintenance after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Concern has arisen, however, regarding the risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs) that appear to be associated with the use of IMiD agents.

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Lung Cancer: History, Epidemiology, and Market Outlook.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of death for both men and women. The treatment of lung cancer has been stifled with pessimism for many years. However, molecularly targeted therapies directed at pathologic epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases have come to market and, with them, a new tone to an old diagnosis.

Usefulness of nivolumab plus ipilimumab immunotherapy for metastatic uveal melanoma.

A 53-year-old woman with known localized uveal melanoma presented with pain from a large destructive lesion of the left iliac bone. Biopsy confirmed metastatic melanoma, and positron emission tomography scan showed extensive osseous destruction. Because her uveal melanoma was successfully treated with brachytherapy 15 years earlier, next-generation sequencing was performed, and a mutation proved the lesion to be of uveal origin.

Validation of a wearable biosensor device for vital sign monitoring in septic emergency department patients in Rwanda.

Objective: Critical care capabilities needed for the management of septic patients, such as continuous vital sign monitoring, are largely unavailable in most emergency departments (EDs) in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and accuracy of using a wireless wearable biosensor device for continuous vital sign monitoring in ED patients with suspected sepsis in an LMIC setting.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study of pediatric (≥2 mon) and adult patients with suspected sepsis at the Kigali University Teaching Hospital ED.