Utilization and outcomes of single-troponin discharge from the emergency department in a low-risk population.

There is emerging data supporting rapid triage of low-risk chest pain patients to help facilitate Emergency Department (ED) throughput. We assessed an algorithm for accelerated rule-out of acute coronary syndrome in low-risk patients with an undetectable initial high sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn assays; Roche Diagnostics) in a real-world clinical setting. All adults presenting with chief complaint of non-traumatic chest pain to our tertiary care ED with HEART score ≤3 with at least one hs-cTn and EKG obtained were included in our study.

Improvement of Emergency Department Chest Pain Evaluation Using Hs-cTnT and a Risk Stratification Pathway.

Background: Chest pain is among the most common reasons for presentation to the emergency department (ED) worldwide. Additional studies on most cost-effective ways of differentiating serious vs. benign causes of chest pain are needed.

The Role of Diversity in Mediating Microbiota Structural and Functional Differences in Two Sympatric Species of Abalone Under Stressed Withering Syndrome Conditions.

Withering syndrome (WS) is a gastro-intestinal (GI) infectious disease likely affecting all abalone species worldwide. Structural and functional changes in abalone GI microbiotas under WS-stressed conditions remain poorly investigated. It is unclear if interspecific microbiota differences, such as the presence of certain microbes, their abundance, and functional capabilities, may be involved in the occurrence of this disease.

The first detection of a novel OsHV-1 microvariant in San Diego, California, USA.

The spread, emergence, and adaptation of pathogens causing marine disease has been problematic to fisheries and aquaculture industries for the last several decades creating the need for strategic management and biosecurity practices. The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), a highly productive species globally, has been a target of disease and mortality caused by a viral pathogen, the Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) and its microvariants (OsHV-1 µvars). During routine surveillance to establish health history at a shellfish aquaculture nursery system in San Diego, California, the presence of OsHV-1 in Pacific oyster juveniles was detected.

Structure, dynamics and predicted functional role of the gut microbiota of the blue () and yellow () abalone from Baja California Sur, Mexico.

The GI microbiota of abalone contains a highly complex bacterial assemblage playing an essential role in the overall health of these gastropods. The gut bacterial communities of abalone species characterized so far reveal considerable interspecific variability, likely resulting from bacterial interactions and constrained by the ecology of their abalone host species; however, they remain poorly investigated. Additionally, the extent to which structural changes in the microbiota entail functional shifts in metabolic pathways of bacterial communities remains unexplored.

Differing responses of red abalone () and white abalone () to infection with phage-associated Xenohaliotis californiensis.

The Rickettsiales-like prokaryote and causative agent of Withering Syndrome (WS)- Xenohaliotis californiensis ( Xc)-decimated black abalone populations along the Pacific coast of North America. White abalone--are also susceptible to WS and have become nearly extinct in the wild due to overfishing in the 1970s. Xenohaliotis californiensis proliferates within epithelial cells of the abalone gastrointestinal tract and causes clinical signs of starvation.

Monomorphic pathogens: The case of Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis from abalone in California, USA and Baja California, Mexico.

Withering syndrome (WS) is a chronic wasting disease affecting abalone species attributed to the pathogen Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis (CXc). Wild populations of blue (Haliotis fulgens) and yellow (H. corrugata) abalone have experienced unusual mortality rates since 2009 off the peninsula of Baja California and WS has been hypothesized as a possible cause.

Imaging the distribution of transient viscosity after the 2016 7.1 Kumamoto earthquake.

The deformation of mantle and crustal rocks in response to stress plays a crucial role in the distribution of seismic and volcanic hazards, controlling tectonic processes ranging from continental drift to earthquake triggering. However, the spatial variation of these dynamic properties is poorly understood as they are difficult to measure. We exploited the large stress perturbation incurred by the 2016 earthquake sequence in Kumamoto, Japan, to directly image localized and distributed deformation.

Multigenetic characterization of 'Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis'.

'Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis' (or Ca.Xc) is the aetiological agent of withering syndrome, a chronic wasting disease affecting most if not all North American species of abalone, and has been described as a Rickettsiales-like prokaryote. Genetic data regarding this species are limited to the 16S rRNA gene.

Phylogenetics of Bonamia parasites based on small subunit and internal transcribed spacer region ribosomal DNA sequence data.

The genus Bonamia (Haplosporidia) includes economically significant oyster parasites. Described species were thought to have fairly circumscribed host and geographic ranges: B. ostreae infecting Ostrea edulis in Europe and North America, B.

Abalone withering syndrome: distribution, impacts, current diagnostic methods and new findings.

Withering syndrome (WS) is a fatal disease of abalone caused by a Rickettsiales-like organism (WS-RLO). The causative agent, 'Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis', occurs along the eastern Pacific margin of North America in California, USA, and Baja California, Mexico. However, as infected abalones have been transported to Chile, China, Taiwan, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Spain, Thailand and Japan, the geographical range of the etiological agent is suspected to be broad, especially where California red abalones Haliotis rufescens are cultured or in areas where native species have been exposed to this species.

Giant magnetocaloric effect driven by structural transitions.

Magnetic cooling could be a radically different energy solution substituting conventional vapour compression refrigeration in the future. For the largest cooling effects of most potential refrigerants we need to fully exploit the different degrees of freedom such as magnetism and crystal structure. We report now for Heusler-type Ni–Mn–In–(Co) magnetic shape-memory alloys, the adiabatic temperature change ΔT(ad) = −3.

Health and survival of red abalone Haliotis rufescens from San Miguel Island, California, USA, in a laboratory simulation of La Niña and El Niño conditions.

The variability in Southern California's marine climate is dominated by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, with cycling between El Niño events (characterized by warm water, low productivity, and frequent storms) and La Niña events (which exhibit the opposite conditions). Relative to the mainland and other Channel Islands, San Miguel Island (SMI) consistently maintains cooler water temperatures and supports significant populations of red abalone Haliotis rufescens, presumably owing to increased food production and diminished expression of the bacterial disease known as withering syndrome. We conducted a laboratory experiment to examine the effects of La Niña and El Niño conditions on the health and survival of red abalone from SMI.

Piezoelectric multilayer actuator life test.

Potential NASA optical missions such as the Space Interferometer Mission require actuators for precision positioning to accuracies of the order of nanometers. Commercially available multilayer piezoelectric stack actuators are being considered for driving these precision mirror positioning mechanisms. These mechanisms have potential mission operational requirements that exceed 5 years for one mission life.

Green abalone, infected with the agent of withering syndrome do not express disease signs under a temperature regime permissive for red abalone, .

All California abalone species have been shown to be susceptible to infection with the bacterial agent of abalone withering syndrome (WS), although expression of signs of the disease may vary between species and with environmental conditions. We examined thermal modulation of WS expression in green abalone at temperatures mimicking El Niño (18.0°C) and La Niña (14.

The role of ras gene in the development of haemic neoplasia in Mytilus trossulus.

Disseminated neoplasia has been reported in mussels (Mytilus spp) from numerous locations worldwide. This condition is progressive and fatal and the aetiology is unknown. In vertebrates, oncogenes such as ras, and tumour suppressor genes such as p53, play important roles in carcinogenesis.

Health and survival of red abalone, Haliotis rufescens, under varying temperature, food supply, and exposure to the agent of withering syndrome.

Withering syndrome (WS) is a disease of wild and cultured abalone caused by a Rickettsiales-like prokaryote (WS-RLP). This study compared the pathologic changes that occur during the progression of WS in red abalone to those caused by environmental stresses consisting of elevated temperature and food limitation and determined the impact of these stressors on WS prevalence and intensity. Farmed red abalone were administered a feed-based oxytetracycline therapeutic treatment to assure WS-RLP-free status prior to initiation of the experiment.

Withering Syndrome in Farmed Red Abalone Haliotis rufescens: Thermal Induction and Association with a Gastrointestinal Rickettsiales-like Prokaryote.

Withering syndrome (WS) is a chronic wasting disease responsible for mass mortality in wild populations of black abalone Haliotis cracherodii. The etiology of WS is uncertain with limited evidence for the role of a gastrointestinal Rickettsiales-like prokaryote (RLP). We documented for the first time the occurrence of animals with clinical signs of WS and associated morphological changes in another haliotid species, the red abalone H.