A "hazard model" using risk-weighted surveillance for first detection of chronic wasting disease.

Surveillance for emerging diseases can be enhanced through incorporation of risks and hazards to identify areas on the landscape with higher likelihoods of disease introduction and spread while increasing confidence that samples are collected from locations and animals with the highest probability of disease detection. A primary example of this situation is wildlife surveillance programs for chronic wasting disease (CWD) in free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in jurisdictions where it is not yet known to exist. But knowledge gaps in areas that lack sufficient disease testing and the nonexistence of data depicting disease introduction risks have impeded the ability to detect disease at the earliest intrusion into wild herds.

Estimating abundance of harvested populations at the management unit scale.

Management of harvested populations relies on accurate assessment of abundance within management units to reevaluate and set harvest regulations. Several statistical approaches use readily available age-at-harvest data to estimate populations, but these often rely on auxiliary data which can be costly to collect and may not provide reliable estimates at the management unit scale. We developed a Bayesian integrated population model (IPM) relying solely on available harvest data to estimate abundance of white-tailed deer in Tennessee where estimates of abundance were lacking.

k-mer genome-wide association study for anthracnose and BCMV resistance in a Phaseolus vulgaris Andean Diversity Panel.

Access to broad genomic resources and closely linked marker-trait associations for common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) can facilitate development of improved varieties with increased yield, improved market quality traits, and enhanced disease resistance. The emergence of virulent races of anthracnose (caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) highlight the need for improved methods to identify and incorporate pan-genomic variation in breeding for disease resistance.

Reliability assessment of new radiographic scales to evaluate radiolucency and bony in-between fin growth of partially cemented all-polyethylene glenoid components.

Background: Current methods available for assessment of radiolucency and in-between fin (IBF) growth of a glenoid component have not undergone interobserver reliability testing for an all-polyethylene fluted central peg (FCP) glenoid. The purpose of this study was to evaluate anteroposterior radiographs of an FCP glenoid component at ≥48 months comparing commonly used scales to a new method adapted to the FCP. Our hypothesis was that the new method would result in acceptable intra- and interobserver agreement and a more accurate description of radiographic findings.

Combination of meta-analysis of QTL and GWAS to uncover the genetic architecture of seed yield and seed yield components in common bean.

Increasing seed yield in common bean could help to improve food security and reduce malnutrition globally due to the high nutritional quality of this crop. However, the complex genetic architecture and prevalent genotype by environment interactions for seed yield makes increasing genetic gains challenging. The aim of this study was to identify the most consistent genomic regions related with seed yield components and phenology reported in the last 20 years in common bean.

Histologic Analysis of Porcine Dermal Graft Augmentation in Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tears.

Background: Biologic augmentation via extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds has been utilized to address rotator cuff tears with poor-quality tissue.

Purpose: To evaluate the cellular changes in graft explants taken from patients treated with porcine dermal grafts for rotator cuff tears.

Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Elbow hemiarthroplasty for intra-articular distal humerus fractures: results and technique.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report results of elbow hemiarthroplasty for comminuted, intra-articular distal humerus fractures in low-demand elderly female patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective case series of eight patients who underwent elbow hemiarthroplasty for comminuted, intra-articular distal humerus fractures between 2015 and 2019. Patients were considered for the procedure if the humeral fractures were deemed nonreconstructable by open reduction internal fixation.

Subscapularis Function After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Using Lesser Tuberosity Osteotomy or Tenotomy.

Introduction: Subscapularis dysfunction is a recognized complication after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). However, optimal subscapularis management during TSA is controversial. Subscapularis tenotomy (ST) has been used, whereas lesser tuberosity osteotomy (LTO) has gained popularity.

Distal clavicle autograft augmentation for glenoid bone loss in revision shoulder arthroplasty: results and technique.

Background: Structural bone graft for reconstruction of glenoid bone stock is often necessary in the setting of revision shoulder arthroplasty. This study introduces a new structural autograft technique using the distal clavicle for treatment of glenoid bone loss in the setting of revision shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods: This is a retrospective, single-surgeon study of patients with significant glenoid bone loss requiring revision shoulder arthroplasty with autologous distal clavicle bone grafting to the glenoid.

Reliability of the modified Walch classification for advanced glenohumeral osteoarthritis using 3-dimensional computed tomography analysis: a study of the ASES B2 Glenoid Multicenter Research Group.

Background: Variations in glenoid morphology affect surgical treatment and outcome of advanced glenohumeral osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this study was to assess the inter- and intraobserver reliability of the modified Walch classification using 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) imaging in a multicenter research group.

Methods: Deidentified preoperative CTs of patients with primary glenohumeral OA undergoing anatomic or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) were reviewed with 3D imaging software by 23 experienced shoulder surgeons across 19 institutions.

QTL mapping of post-processing color retention in two black bean populations.

Several QTL governing color retention in processed black beans were identified by traditional and novel phenotyping methods applied to two black bean mapping populations. When black beans are hydrothermally processed prior to consumption, water-soluble anthocyanins are released from the seed coat, resulting in an undesirable faded brown color in the cooked product. The aim of this research was to develop mapping populations with different genetic sources of color retention in order to identify regions of the bean genome associated with canning quality traits.

Induction of competent cells for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated stable transformation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

Stable transformation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has been successful, to date, only using biolistic-mediated transformation and shoot regeneration from meristem-containing embryo axes. In this study, using precultured embryo axes, and optimal co-cultivation conditions resulted in a successful transformation of the common bean cultivar Olathe using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105.

On-farm multi-location evaluation of genotype by environment interactions for seed yield and cooking time in common bean.

Common bean variety choice by farmers in Uganda is driven by seed yield plus end-use quality traits like market class and cooking time. Limited genotype by environment information is available for traits valued by consumers. This research evaluated yield, seed size, hydration properties, and cooking time of 15 common bean genotypes within market classes recognized by consumers along with three farmers' checks at nine on-farm locations in Uganda for two seasons.

Baking performance of 25 edible dry bean powders: Correlation between cookie quality and rapid test indices.

This study was designed to evaluate the baking performances of 25 edible dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties and to investigate correlations among cookie features and rapid test indices (i.e.

Identification of quantitative trait loci for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in common bean.

QTL were identified for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in common bean. These QTL were detected in both greenhouse and field studies, and many overlapped with previously reported QTL in diverse mapping populations. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.

One and two-year clinical outcomes for a polyethylene glenoid with a fluted peg: one thousand two hundred seventy individual patients from eleven centers.

Purpose: Clinical shoulder science lacks a benchmark against which the early clinical value of new glenoid components can be compared; such a benchmark may be derived from a multicenter study of patients receiving an established, internationally used design of glenoid component.

Methods: We obtained data from 11 centers on 1270 patients having total shoulder arthroplasty using an all-polyethylene component with a fluted central peg. We analyzed individual patient outcomes at 1 and 2 years after surgery.

Seed characteristics and physicochemical properties of powders of 25 edible dry bean varieties.

Information on the physicochemical variability in dry bean seeds from different varieties grown over distinct crop years is lacking. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the environment and the seed characteristics of 25 edible dry bean varieties and to expand the knowledge on their proximate composition, starch digestibility, solvent retention capacity, and pasting and thermal properties. The impact of bean genotype (25 varieties), growing environment (two crop years), and powder particle size (≤0.

Prediction of canned black bean texture (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from intact dry seeds using visible/near infrared spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging data.

Background: Texture is a major quality parameter for the acceptability of canned whole beans. Prior knowledge of this quality trait before processing would be useful to guide variety development by bean breeders and optimize handling protocols by processors. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the predictive power of visible and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (visible/NIRS, 400-2498 nm) and hyperspectral imaging (HYPERS, 400-1000 nm) techniques for predicting texture of canned black beans from intact dry seeds.

Genome-wide Association Analysis for Drought Tolerance and Associated Traits in Common Bean.

A genome-wide association study explored the genetic basis of variation for drought tolerance and related traits in a Middle American diversity panel comprising 96 common bean ( L.) genotypes. The panel was grown under irrigated and rainfed conditions and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data were used to explore the genetic diversity and ancestry of the panel.

Transcriptome analysis of two recombinant inbred lines of common bean contrasting for symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) fixes atmospheric nitrogen (N2) through symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) at levels lower than other grain legume crops. An understanding of the genes and molecular mechanisms underlying SNF will enable more effective strategies for the genetic improvement of SNF traits in common bean.

Transcriptome Profiling of the Phaseolus vulgaris - Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Pathosystem.

Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) anthracnose caused by the hemi-biotrophic pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is a major factor limiting production worldwide. Although sources of resistance have been identified and characterized, the early molecular events in the host-pathogen interface have not been investigated. In the current study, we conducted a comprehensive transcriptome analysis using Illumina sequencing of two near isogenic lines (NILs) differing for the presence of the Co-1 gene on chromosome Pv01 during a time course following infection with race 73 of C.

Effects of extrusion cooking on the chemical composition and functional properties of dry common bean powders.

The impact of extrusion cooking on the chemical composition and functional properties of bean powders from four common bean varieties was investigated. The raw bean powders were extruded under eight different conditions, and the extrudates were then dried and ground (particle size⩽0.5mm).

Genome-Wide Association Study of Anthracnose Resistance in Andean Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris).

Anthracnose is a seed-borne disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, and the pathogen is cosmopolitan in distribution. The objectives of this study were to identify new sources of anthracnose resistance in a diverse panel of 230 Andean beans comprised of multiple seed types and market classes from the Americas, Africa, and Europe, and explore the genetic basis of this resistance using genome-wide association mapping analysis (GWAS).

Radiographic evaluation of short-stem press-fit total shoulder arthroplasty: short-term follow-up.

Background: Humeral loosening is an uncommon etiology for revision shoulder arthroplasty. We aimed to evaluate the radiographic and clinical outcomes of a short-stem press-fit humeral component after primary total shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods: We reviewed our patient database, from January 2008 to December 2011, for primary total shoulder arthroplasties performed with a short-stem press-fit humeral component.