Cefiderocol pharmacokinetics during acute pulmonary exacerbations in hospitalized adult persons with cystic fibrosis.

Persons with CF (pwCF) present altered pharmacokinetics (PK) and are often infected with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Herein, we describe the PK of cefiderocol, a siderophore cephalosporin with potent activity against MDR Gram-negative rods, in hospitalized adult pwCF with acute pulmonary exacerbation (APE). PwCF received ≥3 doses of 2 g cefiderocol (3 h infusion) with frequency determined according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Development of metabolic syndrome in people with Cystic Fibrosis one year after exposure to elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor.

Background: The constellation of hypertension, truncal obesity, impaired fasting glucose, low high-density lipoprotein, and hypertriglyceridemia is known as metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and is associated with cardiovascular and other diseases. Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) is associated with weight gain but effects on cardiovascular risk are unknown. This study sought to investigate ETI exposure and risk for development of MetSyn in pwCF.

Sex differences in outcomes of people with cystic fibrosis treated with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor.

Background: There is a well described sex-disparity in outcomes of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), with females faring worse than males. Given the dramatic improvement in overall health of people with CF using CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapy, elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI), the sex-disparity in CF warrants re-examination.

Methods: We evaluated the effects of ETI use by sex prior to versus after initiation of ETI by pulmonary exacerbations (PEx), percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (ppFEV1), presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sputum cultures, and body mass index (BMI).

Ceftaroline versus vancomycin for treatment of acute pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis in adults.

Objectives: Vancomycin remains a first-line treatment for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-mediated acute pulmonary exacerbations (APEs) in adult cystic fibrosis (CF) patients; however, optimal alternatives remain poorly defined. The aim of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of ceftaroline for MRSA-mediated APEs of CF in adults.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study comparing ceftaroline with vancomycin for the treatment of MRSA-mediated APEs in adult CF patients.

In vitro activity of ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a commonly isolated pathogen in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). Antimicrobial resistance is an escalating problem due to chronic colonization and frequent antimicrobial exposure. Ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T) and ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) exhibit promising activity against antimicrobial resistant organisms, including P.

End-of-Life Care in Cystic Fibrosis: Comparing Provider Practices Based on Lung Transplant Candidacy.

The optimal timing to introduce palliative care (PC) and end-of-life (EOL) conversations into the lives of people with cystic fibrosis (CF) has not been established. Compare EOL care practices for people with CF who died without a lung transplant (LT), are living without an LT, and those who received an LT. Retrospective chart review.

Multidrug-resistant from sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis demonstrates a high rate of susceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam.

Purpose: Ceftazidime-avibactam is a novel antimicrobial combining a third-generation cephalosporin with a non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor that was recently approved to treat Gram-negative hospital- and ventilator-acquired pneumonia. The use of ceftazidime-avibactam to treat respiratory infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) has not been evaluated. In this study, we assessed the ceftazidime-avibactam susceptibility of multidrug-resistant (MDR) sputum isolates from adults with CF.

Ceftolozane/tazobactam sensitivity patterns in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from sputum of cystic fibrosis patients.

Ceftolozane/tazobactam is a combination intravenous antibiotic with potentially important activity against drug-resistant Gram-negative organisms. Ceftolozane/tazobactam's in vitro activity was evaluated in 30 samples collected from 23 adult cystic fibrosis patients with extended and pan-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 2015. Testing results demonstrated that 30% of the isolates were susceptible,13% were intermediate, and 57% were resistant.

Evaluating Simulation-Based ACLS Education on Patient Outcomes: A Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study.

Background: Simulation training is widely accepted as an effective teaching tool, especially for dealing with high-risk situations.

Objective: We assessed whether standardized, simulation-based advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) training improved performance in managing simulated and actual cardiac arrests.

Methods: A total of 103 second- and third-year internal medicine residents were randomized to 2 groups.

Vitamin D and chronic lung disease: a review of molecular mechanisms and clinical studies.

Vitamin D is classically recognized for its role in calcium homeostasis and skeletal metabolism. Over the last few decades, vitamin D deficiency has increased in prevalence in adults and children. Potential extraskeletal effects of vitamin D have been under investigation for several diseases.

Predictors of mortality in hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis.

Background: In-hospital and long term outcomes of patients admitted to the hospital for acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis (AEB) has been evaluated in only a limited fashion. The resulting debilitation after an AEB can increase mortality. This study aims to evaluate the factors associated with mortality in patients admitted with an acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis (AEB).