DCNN models with post-hoc interpretability for the automated detection of glossitis and OSCC on the tongue.

This study aimed to develop and evaluate deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) models with Grad-CAM visualization for the automated classification with interpretability of tongue conditions-specifically glossitis and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)-using clinical tongue photographs, with a focus on their potential for early detection and telemedicine-based diagnostics. A total of 652 tongue images were categorized into normal control (n = 294), glossitis (n = 340), and OSCC (n = 17). Four pretrained DCNN architectures (VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, ResNet152) were fine-tuned using transfer learning.

Chronic inflammation-induced pseudoankylosis of the temporomandibular joint: a case report.

Pseudoankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a rare condition causing restricted mandibular movement without true osseous fusion. This case report presents an 85-year-old woman with TMJ pseudoankylosis secondary to chronic inflammation, a unique etiology for pterygomandibular fusion. The patient exhibited limited mouth opening, swelling, and tenderness in the left facial region.

Combinational regenerative inductive effect of bio-adhesive hybrid hydrogels conjugated with hiPSC-derived myofibers and its derived EVs for volumetric muscle regeneration.

In regenerative medicine, extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess the potential to repair injured cells by delivering modulatory factors. However, the therapeutic effect of EVs in large-scale tissue defects, which are subject to prolonged timelines for tissue architecture and functional restoration, remains poorly understood. In this study, we introduce EVs and cell-tethering hybrid hydrogels composed of tyramine-conjugated gelatin (GelTA) that can be crosslinked with EVs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived myofibers (hiPSC-myofibers) and hiPSC-muscle precursor cells.

National dose survey and discussion on establishing diagnostic reference levels for dental imaging in Korea.

Objectives: This study aimed to establish updated diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for dental imaging modalities in South Korea.

Methods: In cooperation with the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, various types of institutions (dental clinics, dental hospitals, and dental university hospitals) were selected to investigate the status of diagnostic radiation equipment use. Subsequently, over 300 units were randomly selected for each imaging device type (intraoral, panoramic, and cone-beam CT [CBCT]) as measurement samples.

Development of a Temperature-Responsive Hydrogel Incorporating PVA into NIPAAm for Controllable Drug Release in Skin Regeneration.

Melanoma, a highly malignant and aggressive form of skin cancer, poses a significant global health threat, with limited treatment options and potential side effects. In this study, we developed a temperature-responsive hydrogel for skin regeneration with a controllable drug release. The hydrogel was fabricated using an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of -isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA).

Development of a plasma-based 3D printing system for enhancing the biocompatibility of 3D scaffold.

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a three-dimensional (3D) printing technology typically used in tissue engineering. However, 3D-printed row scaffolds manufactured using material extrusion techniques have low cell affinity on the surface and an insufficient biocompatible environment for desirable tissue regeneration. Thus, in this study, plasma treatment was used to render surface modification for enhancing the biocompatibility of 3D-printed scaffolds.

Accuracy of virtual 3-dimensional cephalometric images constructed with 2-dimensional cephalograms using the biplanar radiography principle.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of virtual 3-dimensional (3D) cephalograms constructed using the principle of biplanar radiography by comparing them with cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) images.

Materials And Methods: Thirty orthodontic patients were enrolled in this study. Frontal and lateral cephalograms were obtained with the use of a head posture aligner and reconstructed into 3D cephalograms using biplanar radiography software.

The Effectiveness of Compartmentalized Bone Graft Sponges Made Using Complementary Bone Graft Materials and Succinylated Chitosan Hydrogels.

Bone defects can occur from many causes, including disease or trauma. Bone graft materials (BGMs) have been used to fill damaged areas for the reconstruction of diseased bone tissues since they are cost effective and readily available. However, BGMs quickly disperse around the tissue area, which ultimately leads to it migrating away from the defect after transplantation.

Facile Preparation of β-Cyclodextrin-grafted Chitosan Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds as a Hydrophobic Drug Delivery Vehicle for Tissue Engineering Applications.

Despite advances in the bio-tissue engineering area, the technical basis to directly load hydrophobic drugs on chitosan (CTS) electrospun nanofibers (ENs) has not yet been fully established. In this study, we fabricated CTS ENs by using an electrospinning (ELSP) system, followed by surface modification using succinyl-beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) under mild conditions. The β-CD-modified CTS (βCTS) ENs had slightly increased hydrophobicity compared to pristine CTS ENs as well as decreased residual amine content on the surface.

Development of photo-crosslinkable platelet lysate-based hydrogels for 3D printing and tissue engineering.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing shows potential for use as an advanced technology for forming biomimetic tissue and other complex structures. However, there are limits and restrictions on selection of conventional bioinks. Here we report the first 3D-printable platelet lysate (PLMA)-based hydrogel, which consists of platelet lysate from whole blood of humans that can simulate the 3D structure of tissues and can be formed into a crosslinked hydrogel layer-by-layer to build cell-laden hydrogel constructs through methacrylated photo-polymerization.

Ameloblastoma with dystrophic calcification: A case report with 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomographic images of calcification.

This report presents a rare case of ameloblastoma with histopathologic and radiographic calcification, including 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images. A 22-year-old woman had hard swelling on the right mandible. Panoramic and CBCT images showed multilocular radiolucencies with internal calcification foci in the right mandible.

Injectable Hydrogel Containing Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid for Anti-neuroinflammatory Therapy After Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.

We investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of injectable hydrogel containing tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) in a spinal cord injury (SCI) model. To this end, TUDCA-hydrogel (TC gel) is created by immersing the synthesized hydrogel in a TUDCA solution for 1 h. A mechanical SCI was imposed on rats, after which we injected the TC gel.

Emerging Potential of Exosomes in Regenerative Medicine for Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis.

Exosomes are nanosized vesicles (30-140 nm) of endocytic origin that play important roles in regenerative medicine. They are derived from cell membranes during endocytic internalization and stabilize in biological fluids such as blood and synovia. Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a degenerative disease, which, in addition to chronic pain, is characterized by progressive cartilage breakdown, condylar bone remodeling, and synovitis.

Dual pH- and GSH-Responsive Degradable PEGylated Graphene Quantum Dot-Based Nanoparticles for Enhanced HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Therapy.

Dual stimuli-responsive degradable carbon-based nanoparticles (DS-CNPs) conjugated with Herceptin (HER) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) have been designed for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. Each component has been linked through disulfide linkages that are sensitive to glutathione in a cancer microenvironment. β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the surface of DS-CNPs formed an inclusion complex (DL-CNPs) with doxorubicin (DOX) at a high loading capacity of 5.

In vivo-mimicking microfluidic perfusion culture of pancreatic islet spheroids.

Native pancreatic islets interact with neighboring cells by establishing three-dimensional (3D) structures, and are surrounded by perfusion at an interstitial flow level. However, flow effects are generally ignored in islet culture models, although cell perfusion is known to improve the cell microenvironment and to mimic in vivo physiology better than static culture systems. Here, we have developed functional islet spheroids using a microfluidic chip that mimics interstitial flow conditions with reduced shear cell damage.

Vitamin D-conjugated gold nanoparticles as functional carriers to enhancing osteogenic differentiation.

In an aging society, bone disorders such as osteopenia, osteoporosis, and degenerative arthritis cause serious public health problems. In order to solve these problems, researchers continue to develop therapeutic agents, increase the efficacy of developed therapeutic agents, and reduce side effects. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are widely used in tissue engineering applications as biosensors, drug delivery carriers, and bioactive materials.

Primordial odontogenic tumor: a case report and literature review.

Background: A primordial odontogenic tumor (POT) is a rare, benign, mixed epithelial and mesenchymal odontogenic tumor that has been included as a new entity in the latest World Health Organization (WHO) classification (2017). POT consists of dental papilla-like myxoid connective tissue covered with a delicate membrane of ameloblastic epithelium. Only 15 cases have been documented worldwide, and here, we report the sixteenth case and the first one of South Korea.

Diagnostic accuracy and reliability of panoramic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) radiography to detect bony lesions in patients with TMJ osteoarthritis.

Background/purpose: The value of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) projections of panoramic radiography for diagnosing TMJ osteoarthritis is not completely elucidated. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of panoramic TMJ radiography to detect bony lesions in patients with TMJ osteoarthritis.

Materials And Methods: This study included 55 TMJs of 44 subjects who were diagnosed with TMJ osteoarthritis.

Unexpected radiopaque foreign bodies encountered in dental practice.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to determine the presence of radiopaque foreign bodies on oral and maxillofacial radiographs and classify them.

Method And Materials: The Study Comment section of the Picture Archiving and Communication System of Chonnam National University Dental Hospital was searched using 30 key words to identify images with radiopaque foreign bodies recorded between November 2008 and March 2017. A total of 503 cases of radiopaque foreign bodies were selected from among the recovered images.

Benefits of lateral cephalogram during landmark identification on posteroanterior cephalograms.

Objective: Precise identification of landmarks on posteroanterior (PA) cephalograms is necessary when evaluating lateral problems such as facial asymmetry. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the use of lateral (LA) cephalograms can reduce errors in landmark identification on PA cephalograms.

Methods: Five examiners identified 16 landmarks (Cg, N, ANS, GT, Me, RO, Lo, FM, Z, Or, Zyg, Cd, NC, Ms, M, and Ag) on 32 PA cephalograms with and without LA cephalograms at the same time.

Injectable hydrogel composite containing modified gold nanoparticles: implication in bone tissue regeneration.

Background: For effective bone regeneration, it is necessary to implant a biocompatible scaffold that is capable of inducing cell growth and continuous osteogenic stimulation at the defected site. Here, we suggest an injectable hydrogel system using enzymatic cross-linkable gelatin (Gel) and functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs).

Methods: In this work, tyramine (Ty) was synthesized on the gelatin backbone (Gel-Ty) to enable a phenol crosslinking reaction with horseradish peroxidase (HRP).

Accuracy of three-dimensional cephalograms generated using a biplanar imaging system.

Objective: Biplanar imaging systems allow for simultaneous acquisition of lateral and frontal cephalograms. The purpose of this study was to compare measurements recorded on three-dimensional (3D) cephalograms constructed from two-dimensional conventional radiographs and biplanar radiographs generated using a new biplanar imaging system with those recorded on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-generated cephalograms in order to evaluate the accuracy of the 3D cephalograms generated using the biplanar imaging system.

Methods: Three sets of lateral and frontal radiographs of 15 human dry skulls with prominent facial asymmetry were obtained using conventional radiography, the biplanar imaging system, and CBCT.