Daily association between perceived control and resolution of daily stressors strengthens across a decade of adulthood.

Greater perceived control is often associated with better responses to life's stressors. One reason for this link may be that greater perceived control is related to the ability to resolve these stressful experiences. Using longitudinal data from the National Study of Daily Experiences (N = 1766, Mage = 56.

The Influence of Family Communication Patterns in Advance Care Planning: A Young Adult's Perspective.

Advance care planning (ACP) is underutilized. To facilitate ACP and prepare adult children to be surrogates, we must understand how families communicate. This understanding can help prepare surrogates and reduce negative outcomes associated with medical decision-making for a loved one.

Daily associations between stress occurrence and memory lapses across middle and late adulthood: The potential stress-buffering role of positive affect.

Advanced age has been associated with benefits in stress reactivity. However, previous research has not investigated this advantage for daily memory functioning, which is crucial for the quality of life in adulthood. Considering the possible detrimental effects of stressors on daily memory functioning, this study investigated the relationship between stressor occurrence and memory lapses in middle and late adulthood and whether positive affect acts as a stress buffer.

Daily Diary Smartphone Assessment of Subjective Cognitive Concerns in Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: A Pilot Study.

Background And Aims: Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), a predementia condition that combines slow gait speed and subjective cognitive concerns (SCC), has broad diagnostic accessibility in resource poor settings as it is inexpensive and simple to diagnose. The ability to diagnose MCR remotely via smartphone would further increase the convenience and applicability of this syndrome. In this pilot study, we investigated the feasibility of implementing daily dairy reported SCC via smartphone in diverse individuals with MCR.

Age, Neuroticism, and Stressor-Related Negative Affect: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Evidence from a Measurement Burst Study.

Objectives: Some studies in lifespan samples show that neuroticism is associated with larger increases in negative affect (NA) with stressor exposure, whereas older age is associated with smaller differences held within older adulthood and within individuals, longitudinally. In a sample of adults over age 70, the present study (a) examined whether the relationship between stressor exposure and NA was moderated by neuroticism and (b) tested cross-sectional age differences and longitudinal aging-related change in the stressor-NA slope.

Methods: This preregistered secondary analysis draws from 3 ecological momentary assessment measurement bursts over 3 years collected in Bronx, NY.

Greater negative affective responsivity to daily stressors is positively related to urinary norepinephrine excretion in middle-aged adults.

Despite mounting evidence that greater affective responsivity to naturally occurring daily stressors is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), few studies have examined dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system as a potential mechanism. We hypothesized that greater affective responsivity to daily stressful events would be related to increased urinary catecholamine excretion. Daily stress processes (8-day daily diary) were assessed in 715 middle-aged adults (56 ± 11 yr; 57% female) from the Midlife in the United States Study.

An Initial Examination of Couple Therapy for PTSD Outcomes Among Black/African American Adults: Findings from an Uncontrolled Trial with Military Dyads.

Black/African American individuals experience high rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is frequently chronic and undertreated in this population. Intimate relationships are a salient resource for Black/African American adults' psychological well-being. To help advance health equity, this study serves as an initial, proof-of-concept investigation of patient outcomes among Black/African American adults who received a disorder-specific couple therapy for PTSD.

Physical Activity Measurement Reactivity Among Midlife Adults With Elevated Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: Protocol for Coordinated Analyses Across Six Studies.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in the United States, and adults aged 40-60 years with specific health conditions are at particularly elevated risk for developing CVD. Physical activity (PA) is a key cardioprotective behavior and many interventions exist to promote PA in this group. Effective promotion requires accurate assessment of PA behavior; as PA is often estimated by averaging across multiple days, a threat to accurate assessment is measurement reactivity, or an atypical increase in PA behavior at the start of measurement periods that may bias conclusions.

Balancing Infection Risks and Residents Social Activity Preferences: Nursing Home Staff Risk Perceptions.

Background And Objectives: Social activities are recognized as vital for older adults' quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic presented challenges for nursing home (NH) staff as they attempted to balance infection risks with residents' preferences for social activities. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of NH staff's experiences and actions accommodating resident preferences for social activities during pandemic restrictions.

Enhanced associations between subjective cognitive concerns and blood-based AD biomarkers using a novel EMA approach.

Background: Subjective cognitive concerns (SCC) have emerged as important early indicators of Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Traditional measures of SCC rely on recall-based assessments, which may be limited in capturing real-time fluctuations in cognitive concerns. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) offers a promising alternative by providing real-time data.

Staff Perceptions of Compassionate Care Visits for Nursing Home Residents During Restricted Visitation.

To describe compassionate care (CC) visits during visitation restrictions from the perspective of nursing home (NH) staff. During the COVID-19 pandemic, guidance was implemented to restrict visitation in NH communities to protect both residents and staff from risk of infectious outbreak. As a result, many NHs instituted "CC visits" to allow visitation for vulnerable residents.

Negative affective responsivity to daily stressors in young adults: The influence of depressive symptom severity.

Background: Evidence suggests that adults with major depressive disorder appraise daily stressor events as more severe and report stronger stressor-related negative emotions than non-depressed adults. Despite the growing number of young adults (~18-25 yrs) experiencing depressive symptoms in the absence of a formal clinical diagnosis, limited studies have examined whether current depressive symptom severity influences affective responsivity to daily stressors in young men and women. We tested the hypotheses that greater depressive symptom severity would be related to greater negative stressor appraisal characteristics and greater affective responsivity to daily stressors but not to stressor exposure frequency.

Evaluation and Modification of the Multifactorial Model of Driving Safety Among Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: Cognitive, visual, and physical performance are associated with driving safety. However, there are few comprehensive models that empirically evaluate how such factors together affect driving safety in older adults. The present study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate Anstey's original Multifactorial Model of Driving Safety (MMDS) (2005) as well as a modified MMDS that incorporates recent research.

The Everyday Function Intervention Trial (EFIT) protocol: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Preserving cognition and everyday function is essential for maintaining independence and reducing risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Useful Field of View training (UFOVt) is a computerized cognitive training program that achieves these goals; however, the mechanisms underlying UFOVt are unclear. The Everyday Function Intervention Trial (EFIT) is a double-blind randomized clinical controlled trial designed to assess potential cognitive, psychosocial, biological, and lifestyle mechanisms underlying UFOVt.

Within- and Between-Person Differences in Activity Factor Structure: Results From an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

Objectives: Studies using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of activity participation rely on items tapping domains informed by factor analyses based on single time points. Analyses from a single time point focus on differences between participants and provide little insight into how activities cluster together within a person across moments or days. The present study compared the factor structure in activity participation between- and within-persons using an expanded set of momentary activity items in middle and older adulthood.

More Positive Attitudes to Aging are Associated with Lower Subjective Cognitive Decline: Moderating Roles of Affective Well-Being.

This study cross-sectionally examined associations between older adults' aging attitudes and subjective cognitive decline as well as moderating effects of current positive affect and depressive symptoms. Data were collected via an online survey among U.S.

Social Media Activities and Affective Well-being in the Daily Life of Emerging Adults.

Previous work suggests that some social media (SM) activities may have detrimental effects on users' affective well-being, whereas other activities can be more adaptive. SM use is typically assessed with global or retrospective measures; it remains unclear how its relation with affect may play out in real-time and in regard to specific SM activities, as opposed to general SM use. The current study investigated the association between specific SM activities (posting, viewing others' posts, liking/commenting, checking replies to one's own posts, direct messaging) and concurrent positive and negative affect in a sample of  = 349 18-year-old emerging adults.

Views of Aging and Subjective Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Views of aging have been linked with many important outcomes in older adults. Subjective cognition, or one's perception of their cognitive functioning, may be a valuable indicator of cognitive changes as individuals age, but is known to be impacted by a variety of factors. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the evidence on relationships between views of aging and subjective cognition, including whether and how these relationships may differ based on age.

Digital, Social Micro-Interventions to Promote Physical Activity Among Midlife Adults With Elevated Cardiovascular Risk: An Ambulatory Feasibility Study With Momentary Randomization.

Background: Although regular physical activity (PA) mitigates the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) during midlife, existing PA interventions are minimally effective. Harnessing social influences in daily life shows promise: digital micro-interventions could effectively engage these influences on PA and require testing.

Purpose: This feasibility study employed ecological momentary assessment with embedded micro-randomization to activate two types of social influences (i.

Just as expected? Older adults' aging expectations are associated with subjective cognition.

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between older adults' expectations regarding aging and subjective cognition. Specifically, we examined whether the three domains of aging expectations (physical health, mental health, and cognitive function) were associated with two aspects of subjective cognition: current subjective cognition and subjective cognitive decline (SCD).

Method: An online survey was conducted among U.

Gender differences in relations between social comparison, social support, and sleep disturbance among midlife and older adults.

Objective: To examine associations between sleep disturbance, social support, and social comparison among midlife and older adults, including the moderating role of gender.

Methods: Adults ages ≥40 years (= 557, = 57, 53% men) completed a cross-sectional survey including validated measures of sleep disturbance, perceptions of social support, and social comparison orientation.

Results: Sleep disturbance was negatively associated with social support (s = -0.

When and how perceived control buffers against cognitive declines: A moderated mediation analysis.

Although perceived control is a well-established predictor of cognitive aging, less is known about how and under what developmental circumstances these beliefs about personal influence may protect against cognitive declines. Our study examined light physical activity (LPA) as an unexplored mechanism that may link changes in two facets of perceived control (personal mastery, perceived constraints) to longitudinal trajectories of cognitive functioning. We also examined whether mediated pathways were moderated by age (i.

Poor-Quality Daily Social Encounters, Daily Stress, and Subjective Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: Although prior research has shown that social relationships and daily stress are strongly associated with cognitive function, few studies have explored the link between the quality of daily social encounters and subjective cognitive decline (SCD). The present study explores whether the quality of older adults' daily social encounters is associated with SCD through daily stress.

Research Design And Methods: This study used data from 254 adults aged 70 or older (  = 76.

Daily social comparisons among women in midlife with elevated risk for cardiovascular disease: A within-person test of the identification/contrast model.

Women age 40-60 are disproportionately affected by health problems that increase their risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD; e.g. hypertension).