The bacterial stress response polymerase DinB tolerates sugar modifications and preferentially incorporates arabinosyl nucleotides.

The bacterial DNA damage (SOS) response promotes DNA repair, DNA damage tolerance, and survival in the setting of genotoxic stress, including stress induced by antibiotics. In , translesion DNA synthesis can be fulfilled by Y-family DNA polymerases, including DNA polymerase IV (DinB). DinB features a more open active site and lacks proofreading ability, promoting error-prone replication.

The 2024 UK clinical guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Unlabelled: The National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) has updated the revised UK guideline for the assessment and management of osteoporosis and the prevention of fragility fractures in postmenopausal women, and men age 50 years and older. This guideline is relevant for all healthcare professionals involved in osteoporosis management.

Introduction: The UK National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) first produced a guideline on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in 2008, with updates in 2013, 2017 and 2021.

Chemical alteration of UO micro-particles in model lung systems.

Uranium dioxide (UO) particles can be released from mines, nuclear fuel manufacturing, reactor accidents, and weapons use. They pose inhalation risks, yet their behavior in the human lung remains poorly understood. This study investigates the long-term chemical alteration and dissolution of µm-sized UO particles in two model lung fluids: Simulated Lung Fluid (SLF) and Artificial Lysosomal Fluid (ALF), representing extracellular and intracellular lung environments, respectively.

Reduced TRPC3 conductance underlies altered SNr activity under dopamine depletion: predictions from data-driven network models.

Sufficient loss of dopamine within the basal ganglia (BG) leads to neuronal activity changes, including altered firing rates and firing patterns, thought to underlie parkinsonian motor symptoms. Yet, within BG neuronal populations, baseline activity and responses to inputs are highly variable, complicating efforts to identify key factors associated with pathological changes. We introduce a novel approach to constructing a computational neuron population model that, when applied to the mouse substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), captures the firing heterogeneity observed across slice and recordings.