Complete genome sequence of spp. strain AASFL403 isolated from .

We present the complete genome sequence of spp. strain AASFL403, an endophyte from , a Bulgarian endemic plant. Members of the genus are distinguished by their abilities to promote plant growth, function as biocontrol agents, and facilitate bioremediation.

Complete genome characterization of mcr-1-mediated colistin-resistant Escherichia coli from outpatients in Bulgaria.

Introduction: This study reports the emergence of mcr-1-mediated colistin resistance in human Escherichia coli isolates from Bulgaria.

Methods: Three colistin-resistant E. coli isolates were obtained from outpatient urine specimens.

Whole genome sequencing characterization of Clostridioides difficile from Bulgaria during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Increased incidence of Clostridioides difficile infections were documented in Bulgarian hospitals during COVID-19. WGS was performed on 39 isolates from seven hospitals during 2015-2022. Antimicrobial resistance and toxin genes were inferred from genomes.

First VIM-producing representative of group from the largest Bulgarian hospital.

Here we describe the first detected VIM-2-producing representative of Pseudomonasputida group - Pseudomonaskurunegalensis from the largest Bulgarian hospital - St George University Hospital in Plovdiv.

Improvement and Validation of a Multi-Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeats Analysis (MLVA8+) for , , and .

The genotyping of the multidrug-resistant species complex is essential to identify outbreaks and to track their source and spread. The aim of this study was to improve and extend the typeability, availability, cost and time efficiency of an existing multi-locus VNTR analysis (MLVA). A modified scheme (MLVA8+) was adopted and validated for strain-level differentiation of the three species involved in human pathology.

Global disparities in SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance.

Genomic sequencing is essential to track the evolution and spread of SARS-CoV-2, optimize molecular tests, treatments, vaccines, and guide public health responses. To investigate the global SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance, we used sequences shared via GISAID to estimate the impact of sequencing intensity and turnaround times on variant detection in 189 countries. In the first two years of the pandemic, 78% of high-income countries sequenced >0.

Global disparities in SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance.

Genomic sequencing provides critical information to track the evolution and spread of SARS-CoV-2, optimize molecular tests, treatments and vaccines, and guide public health responses. To investigate the spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the global SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance, we estimated the impact of sequencing intensity and turnaround times (TAT) on variant detection in 167 countries. Most countries submit genomes >21 days after sample collection, and 77% of low and middle income countries sequenced <0.

Characterization of Growth and Cell Cycle Events Affected by Light Intensity in the Green Alga : A New Model for Cell Cycle Research.

Multiple fission is a cell cycle variation leading to the production of more than two daughter cells. Here, we used synchronized cultures of the chlorococcal green alga to study its growth and pattern of cell division under varying light intensities. The time courses of DNA replication, nuclear and cellular division, cell size, total RNA, protein content, dry matter and accumulation of starch were observed at incident light intensities of 110, 250 and 500 µmol photons ms.

Starch Production in through Supraoptimal Temperature in a Pilot-Scale Photobioreactor.

An increase in temperature can have a profound effect on the cell cycle and cell division in green algae, whereas growth and the synthesis of energy storage compounds are less influenced. In laboratory experiments have shown that exposure to a supraoptimal temperature (39 °C) causes a complete block of nuclear and cellular division accompanied by an increased accumulation of starch. In this work we explore the potential of supraoptimal temperature as a method to promote starch production in in a pilot-scale photobioreactor.

Comparing Biochemical and Raman Microscopy Analyses of Starch, Lipids, Polyphosphate, and Guanine Pools during the Cell Cycle of .

Photosynthetic energy conversion and the resulting photoautotrophic growth of green algae can only occur in daylight, but DNA replication, nuclear and cellular divisions occur often during the night. With such a light/dark regime, an algal culture becomes synchronized. In this study, using synchronized cultures of the green alga the dynamics of starch, lipid, polyphosphate, and guanine pools were investigated during the cell cycle by two independent methodologies; conventional biochemical analyzes of cell suspensions and confocal Raman microscopy of single algal cells.

Growth and the cell cycle in green algae dividing by multiple fission.

Most cells divide into two daughter cells; however, some green algae can have different division patterns in which a single mother cell can sometimes give rise to up to thousands of daughter cells. Although such cell cycle patterns can be very complex, they are governed by the same general concepts as the most common binary fission. Moreover, cell cycle progression appears to be connected with size, since cells need to ensure that their size after division will not drop below the limit required for survival.

Investigation of Salmonella enteritidis outbreak in four kindergartens.

In June 2018, in the city of Sofia, Bulgaria, 40 children from four different kindergartens suffered from salmonellosis caused by S. enteritidis. They were reported to have consumed food prepared and delivered by a private catering service.

Autofluorescence and White Light Bronchoscopy in the Diagnosis of Endobronchial Malignant Lesions.

Background: Autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) allows a more sensitive approach to the diagnosis of premalignant and malignant endobronchial lesions than white light bronchoscopy (WLB) can do.

Aim: To assess the autofluorescence bronchoscopy and white light bronchoscopy in diagnosing malignant endobronchial lesions.

Materials And Methods: The design of the study is a retrospective case-control study.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Three Cases of Bronchial Carcinoma In Situ.

As part of a retrospective study on bronchoscopies performed at the Clinic of Pneumonology and Phthisiatry of the University Hospital - Pleven by autofluorescence bronchoscopy we found 3 cases diagnosed with carcinoma in situ. They were treated in different ways - endobronchial electrocoagulation, extraction by forceps biopsy and open surgery, but the result was the same - clinical healing. The paper presents the three clinical cases and the analysis of the treatment.

Carbapenemase Production of Clinical Isolates Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a Bulgarian University Hospital.

Background: Production of Bla OXA-23, OXA-24, OXA-58 and hyperexpression of OXA-51 due to ISAba1 insertion sequence are the leading causes of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. The loss of OprD transmembrane protein and the overexpression of some effl ux pumps are considered to be the main factors for carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa whereas metallo-enzymes' production has a secondary role.

Aim: Тo examine the carbapenem resistance due to carbapenemase production among clinically signifi cant Gram-negative non-fermenters from St George University hospital, Plovdiv: A.

Multiplex PCR Assay for Identifi cation and Differentiation of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolates.

Introduction: Campylobacter spp. are important causative agents of gastrointestinal infections in humans. The most frequently isolated strains of this bacterial genus are Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli.

First clinical cases of NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from two hospitals in Bulgaria.

We report the first confirmed cases of NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in two hospitals in Bulgaria. The isolates were diverse in terms of plasmid and co-resistance gene content. K.

Detection and characterization of OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae originated in Bulgaria.

We report the identification of OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, causing peritonitis in a cancer patient admitted to the Oncology Hospital in Sofia. The isolate had reduced susceptibility to carbapenems but remained susceptible to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. PCR and sequencing confirmed the presence of blaOXA-48 gene flanked by two intact copies of IS1999 on truncated ΔTn1999.

Advances in molecular surveillance of Clostridium difficile in Bulgaria.

The increasing incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in Bulgaria has indicated the need to implement better surveillance approaches. The aim of the present work was to improve the current surveillance of CDI in Bulgaria by introducing innovative methods for identification and typing. One hundred and twenty stool samples obtained from 108 patients were studied over 4 years from which 32 C.