Post-traumatic visual sequelae from a forensic medicine perspective: A retrospective analysis of 10 years of data.

Background: Vision is one of the most fundamental functions required for a quality life. In this context, eye trauma is frequently subject to medico-legal evaluation to determine both the severity of the injury and the presence of any sequelae, and, if present, the extent of visual function loss. This study examines the medico-legal assessment process following ocular trauma.

Minocycline reduces proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the spinal cord and morphology changes in sciatic nerve of Type 2 diabetic neuropathy rat model.

Aim: This study investigated the effects of minocycline on proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress marker levels in the spinal cord and sciatic nerve morphology in Type 2 diabetic (T2DM) neuropathy rats.

Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to six groups ( = 14 per groups): Control (C), T2DM control (STZ), T2DM treated with minocycline 40 mg/kg (STZ + M40) and 80 mg/kg (STZ + M80), T2DM treated with gabapentin (STZ + G10) and non-painful T2DM neuropathy (NPDN). T2DM was induced in obese rats using a combination of high fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg) injection.

Alzheimer's Disease and Inflammation Research: A Systematic Bibliometric Review and Network Visualization of the Published Literature Between 2000 and 2023.

Introduction/objective: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory loss. In recent years, inflammation has gained recognition as a key contributor to both the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease, acting through complex pathways that include neuroinflammation and immune system dysregulation. This study aims to systematically review the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and inflammation, focusing on publication trends from 2000 to 2023.

Differential susceptibility and role for senescence in CART cells based on costimulatory domains.

Despite the success of chimeric antigen receptor T (CART) cell therapy in hematological malignancies, durable remissions remain low. Here, we report CART senescence as a potential resistance mechanism in 41BB-costimulated CART cell therapy. To mimic cancer relapse, we utilized an in vitro model with repeated CART cell activation cycles followed by rest periods.

Intrinsic immunosuppressive features of monocytes suppress CAR-T19 through IL-1 pathway modulation in mantle cell lymphoma.

CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T19) have shown remarkable success in B cell malignancies, but most patients relapse within 1-2 years. Here, we identified interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) as a mediator of M2-like macrophage-derived inhibition of CAR-T19 in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), as well as a potential target to enhance CAR-T19 efficacy. In preclinical models that recapitulated interactions between tumor, macrophages, and T cells, we demonstrated that M2-derived IL-1ra impairs IL-1 signaling and functions of CAR-T19.

Evaluation of digit ratio (2D:4D) and its relationship with skin sebum level in patients with basal cell carcinoma.

Introduction: The main factor in the development of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is UV (ultraviolet) exposure. In most cases of BCC there is upregulation of the 'Sonic Hedgehog' (SHH) pathway components. Some recent studies have shown that overactivity of the SHH pathway leads to an increase in the number of sebocytes in the skin.

Exploring Cancer Patients' Perspectives on Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Experiences and Its Management: A Qualitative Study.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is often an overlooked side effect, affecting cancer patients' quality of life. Improving this requires an in-depth understanding of how patients perceived their CIPN experience, which this study had explored. This study also sought to identify potential barriers to current CIPN management among Malaysian cancer patients.

The protective effects of a single dose myricetin application on CLP-induced rat sepsis model by analyzing some immune mechanisms.

Introduction: In this study, our aim was to investigate the protective effects of myricetin (single dose-100 mg/kg) on CLP-induced rat sepsis model by analyzing some immune mechanisms including inflammation and oxidative stress by different techniques such as Immunohistochemistry, ELISA, tissue biochemistry and Western Blotting.

Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups. The pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels were measured by ELISA technique.

IL-4 drives exhaustion of CD8 CART cells.

Durable response to chimeric antigen receptor T (CART) cell therapy remains limited in part due to CART cell exhaustion. Here, we investigate the regulation of CART cell exhaustion with three independent approaches including: a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen using an in vitro model for exhaustion, RNA and ATAC sequencing on baseline and exhausted CART cells, and RNA and ATAC sequencing on pre-infusion CART cell products from responders and non-responders in the ZUMA-1 clinical trial. Each of these approaches identify interleukin (IL)-4 as a regulator of CART cell dysfunction.

Medicinal evaluation and molecular docking study of osajin as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic agent against sepsis-associated acute kidney injury in rats.

Despite efforts to find effective drugs for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI), mortality rates in patients with SA-AKI have not decreased. Our study evaluated the protective effects of isoflavone osajin (OSJ) on SA-AKI in rats by targeting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, which represent the cornerstones in the pathophysiological mechanism of SA-AKI. Polymicrobial sepsis was induced in rats the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) technique.

Assessment of hearing sequelae in individuals tested post-trauma.

Background: Over 5% of the global population (430 million people) require rehabilitation for hearing loss. Individuals with hearing impairments face significant challenges in business, daily life, and social participation. Hearing loss (HL) and other permanent physical and sensory disabilities escalate dramatically in cases with brain damage and temporal bone trauma associated with head injuries.

Age Estimation Based on Computed Tomography Analysis of the Scapula.

: Age estimation from skeletal remains and in living individuals is an important issue for human identification, and also plays a critical role in judicial proceedings for migrants. Forensic analysis of ossification centers is the main evaluation method for age estimation, and ossification degree can be determined using computed tomography analysis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the applicability of CT (computed tomography) in the analysis of left scapula ossification centers, for forensic age estimation in Turkish society.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in chronic pain research: A decade of bibliometric analysis and network visualization.

Chronic pain research, with a specific focus on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), has made impressive progress in the past decade, as evident in the improved research quality and increased publications. To better understand this evolving landscape, a quantitative approach is needed. The main aim of this study is to identify the hotspots and trends of BDNF in chronic pain research.

Mesenchymal stromal cells with chimaeric antigen receptors for enhanced immunosuppression.

Allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a safe treatment option for many disorders of the immune system. However, clinical trials using MSCs have shown inconsistent therapeutic efficacy, mostly owing to MSCs providing insufficient immunosuppression in target tissues. Here we show that antigen-specific immunosuppression can be enhanced by genetically modifying MSCs with chimaeric antigen receptors (CARs), as we show for E-cadherin-targeted CAR-MSCs for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease in mice.

Global research Activity on olfactory marker protein (OMP): A bibliometric and visualized analysis.

Olfactory marker protein (OMP) is extensively studied in mature olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) for understanding olfaction physiology. However, no bibliometric analysis on this topic exists. We conducted a bibliometric analysis of OMP research articles, wherein the publication count was assessed by year, country, journal, and author, collaboration by country, and productivity of the authors.

CD19 occupancy with tafasitamab increases therapeutic index of CART19 cell therapy and diminishes severity of CRS.

In the development of various strategies of anti-CD19 immunotherapy for the treatment of B-cell malignancies, it remains unclear whether CD19 monoclonal antibody therapy impairs subsequent CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART19) therapy. We evaluated the potential interference between the CD19-targeting monoclonal antibody tafasitamab and CART19 treatment in preclinical models. Concomitant treatment with tafasitamab and CART19 showed major CD19 binding competition, which led to CART19 functional impairment.

Issues and challenges in diabetic neuropathy management: A narrative review.

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a devastating disorder with an increasing prevalence globally. This epidemic can pose a critical burden on individuals and com-munities, subsequently affecting the productivity and economic output of a country. With more people living a sedentary lifestyle, the incidence of DN is escalating worldwide.

Diabetes and cognitive decline: Challenges and future direction.

There is growing evidence that diabetes can induce cognitive decline and dementia. It is a slow, progressive cognitive decline that can occur in any age group, but is seen more frequently in older individuals. Symptoms related to cognitive decline are worsened by chronic metabolic syndrome.

AXL Inhibition Improves the Antitumor Activity of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells.

The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is a member of the TYRO3, AXL, and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase MER family and plays pleiotropic roles in cancer progression. AXL is expressed in immunosuppressive cells, which contributes to decreased efficacy of immunotherapy. Therefore, we hypothesized that AXL inhibition could serve as a strategy to overcome resistance to chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T)-cell therapy.

Hyperphosphorylated PTEN exerts oncogenic properties.

PTEN is a multifaceted tumor suppressor that is highly sensitive to alterations in expression or function. The PTEN C-tail domain, which is rich in phosphorylation sites, has been implicated in PTEN stability, localization, catalytic activity, and protein interactions, but its role in tumorigenesis remains unclear. To address this, we utilized several mouse strains with nonlethal C-tail mutations.

Honey on brain health: A promising brain booster.

Since ancient times, honey has been employed in many aspects of everyday life, the most popular of which is as a natural sweetener. Honey is used not only as a nutritional product but also in health as a supplement and in various applications, especially related to brain booster health. Brain health is the capacity to carry out all mental functions necessary for cognition, such as learning and judging, utilizing language, and recalling.

GM-CSF disruption in CART cells modulates T cell activation and enhances CART cell anti-tumor activity.

Inhibitory myeloid cells and their cytokines play critical roles in limiting chimeric antigen receptor T (CART) cell therapy by contributing to the development of toxicities and resistance following infusion. We have previously shown that neutralization of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) prevents these toxicities and enhances CART cell functions by inhibiting myeloid cell activation. In this report, we study the direct impact of GM-CSF disruption during the production of CD19-directed CART cells on their effector functions, independent of GM-CSF modulation of myeloid cells.

Thematic analysis of multiple sclerosis research by enhanced strategic diagram.

Recent interest in multiple sclerosis research warrants literature analysis to evaluate the current state of the discipline and new research domains. This bibliometric review summarised the research trends and analysed research areas in multiple sclerosis over the last decade. The documents containing the term 'multiple sclerosis' in the article title were retrieved from the Scopus database.