Hydroxychloroquine may be beneficial as an adjuvant therapy for folliculitis decalvans: a 5-year retrospective study with 49 patients.

Folliculitis decalvans (FD) is a chronic and recurrent neutrophilic scarring alopecia that mostly affects the vertex scalp of young male patients. It manifests as painful alopecic lesions surrounded by pustules, tuftings and intense scalp fibrosis. However, the occurrence of less active or 'lichen planopilaris-like' forms of FD questions the exact role of Staphylococcus aureus in the pathogenic mechanism of this disease.

Trichodynia and telogen effluvium in COVID-19 patients: Results of an international expert opinion survey on diagnosis and management.

Background: The cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 may be useful disease markers and prognostic indicators. Recently, postinfectious telogen effluvium and trichodynia have also been reported.

Objective: To evaluate the presence of trichodynia and telogen effluvium in patients with COVID-19 and describe their characteristics in relation to the other signs and symptoms of the disease.

Occipital Fibrosing Alopecia in a Young Male: A Case Report.

Introduction: Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is a primary lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia with 3 recognized clinical variants. Lately, LPP clinical spectrum has expanded with new and overlapping clinical variants. First considered as a subtype of LPP affecting postmenopausal women, the increasing worldwide incidence of FFA including atypical lesions in young female and male suggests a different pathomechanism for this disease.

Evidence for neurogenic inflammation in lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia pathogenic mechanism.

Lichen planopilaris (LPP) and frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) are lymphocytic scarring alopecias affecting primarily the scalp. Although both diseases may share some clinical and histopathological features, in the last decade, FFA has become an "epidemic" particularly in Europe, North and South America with unique clinical manifestations compared to LPP, thus, raising the idea that this disease may have a different pathogenesis. Symptoms such as scalp burning, pruritus or pain are usually present in both diseases, suggesting a possible role for nerves and neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of both diseases.

"Normal-appearing" scalp areas are also affected in lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia: An observational histopathologic study of 40 patients.

Lichen planopilaris (LPP) and frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) are lymphocyte-mediated scarring alopecias which clinically affect primarily the anterior and mid-scalp. However, unaffected scalp areas have not yet been investigated in a systemic manner. In this study, we assessed histopathologic changes in affected and unaffected scalp in both diseases and healthy control subjects and compared these findings with clinical signs and scalp symptoms.

Syphilitic Alopecia: Case Reports and Trichoscopic Findings.

There has been a resurgence of syphilis in the last decade. Although alopecia is not a common manifestation of the disease, the "moth-eaten" pattern is considered patognomonic. However, diffuse hair loss, termed essential alopecia, sometimes can be the only sign of syphilis infection and mimic other conditions, such as alopecia areata and telogen effluvium.

Trichoscopy of Steroid-Induced Atrophy.

Intralesional corticosteroid (IL-CS) injections have been used to treat a variety of dermatological and nondermatological diseases. Although an important therapeutic tool in dermatology, a number of local side effects, including skin atrophy, have been reported following IL-CS injections. We recently noticed that a subset of patients with steroid-induced atrophy presented with ivory-colored areas under trichoscopy.