Improving Diagnostic Sensitivity of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis Using Species-Specific IgG.

Background: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is most commonly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus (AF-CPA). Serum A. fumigatus-IgG, a pivotal investigation for diagnosing CPA, misses 10%-15% of CPA cases.

An RCT to compare high flow nasal cannula with standard nasal cannula to prevent desaturation in subjects undergoing EBUS-TBNA: HIFLO-EBUS trial.

Background And Objective: Oxygen desaturation events occur commonly during Endobronchial endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) guided-transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) performed under conscious sedation. We hypothesized that high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) would be superior to conventional nasal cannula (NC) in preventing these hypoxemic episodes.

Methods: We randomized consecutive subjects ≥18 years undergoing EBUS-TBNA to receive oxygen with HFNC or NC.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Lymphocytosis and Early Glucocorticoid Response: A Prospective Study of 150 Subjects With Interstitial Lung Disease.

Background And Objective: Bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocyte percentage (BLP) is considered a prognostic marker for interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Its association with an early glucocorticoid response (EGR) has not been studied systematically. We aimed to assess the association of BLP and other factors with EGR.

Serum Mannose-Binding Lectin Levels in Asthma and Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis.

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) contributes to innate immunity against Aspergillus fumigatus. We assessed the role of reduced MBL levels in asthma patients with and without allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). In this prospective cross-sectional study, we enrolled 154 adults: 48 with asthma, 27 with Aspergillus-sensitized asthma (ASA, A.

Cut-Offs and Diagnostic Performance of IgG Against Recombinant Aspergillus fumigatus Antigens in Differentiating ABPA From Asthma.

Background: The diagnostic cut-off values for IgG antibodies against recombinant Aspergillus fumigatus (rAsp) antigens in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) remain unclear.

Objectives: To derive and validate diagnostic cut-offs for IgG antibodies against rAsp f 1, f 2 and f 4 in ABPA and assess their diagnostic performance in distinguishing ABPA from asthma.

Methods: In this case-control study, we prospectively enrolled consecutive subjects with asthma and ABPA.

Serum periostin and carcinoembryonic antigen for diagnosing and assessing response in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Background And Objective: Serum periostin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are markers of type 2 inflammation. However, their role in diagnosing and monitoring treatment responses in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) remains uncertain. The objective of the study was to assess the diagnostic performance of serum CEA and periostin in distinguishing ABPA from asthma.

New insights into the treatment of asthma complicated by allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Introduction: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a lung disorder that arises in individuals with asthma or cystic fibrosis due to an exaggerated immune response to . It leads to mucus plugging, recurrent exacerbations, and progressive bronchiectasis. Despite established diagnostic criteria, ABPA remains underdiagnosed, primarily due to its overlap with severe asthma and limited clinical awareness.

Prevalence of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Patients With Mycobacterial and Non-Mycobacterial Tuberculosis Infection of the Lung: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Post-mycobacterial residual lung abnormality (PMLA) from prior tuberculous (PTLA) or non-tuberculous mycobacterial (PNTLA) lung infections predisposes to chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). However, the prevalence of CPA in patients with PMLA remains uncertain. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CPA in patients with PMLA.

Sensitivity and Specificity of Plasma and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid PCR for Diagnosing Pulmonary Mucormycosis in Subjects With Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Mucorales polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to diagnose pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) among neutropenic individuals. However, data on the utility of PCR in patients with diabetes mellitus, another major risk factor for PM, are limited.

Objective: The primary objective was to assess the diagnostic performance of a commercial real-time PCR assay (MucorGenius) in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for diagnosing PM (proven and probable cases only) in patients with suspected invasive mould disease (IMD).

Performance of LDBio Aspergillus ICT IgM/IgG Lateral Flow Assay in Diagnosing Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Community Versus Hospital Setting.

Background: LDBio immunochromatographic lateral flow assay, a point-of care test, detects IgM/IgG antibodies against Aspergillus fumigatus (LDBio-ALFA). LDBio-ALFA has been evaluated for diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) in hospital patients, though its efficacy in field settings remains unexamined.

Objective: Our primary objective was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of LDBio-ALFA in diagnosing CPA in a field and a hospital cohort.

Factors associated with interstitial lung disease and the progressive fibrosing phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease.

Background: The risk factors for interstitial lung disease (ILD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are inconsistent among previous studies. Furthermore, the factors associated with the emergence of the recently defined progressive fibrosing (PF) phenotype are unknown. Herein, we analyze the risk factors for ILD in RA.

Clinical Significance of Aspergillus Sensitisation in Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis.

Objective: Aspergillus sensitisation (AS) is seen in many patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). However, the clinical relevance of AS in CPA remains unclear. In this study, we assess the clinical significance of AS in CPA.

EQUAL ABPA Score 2024: A Tool to Measure Guideline Adherence for Managing Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis.

Objectives: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a complex lung disease associated with significant morbidity. The ABPA Working Group (AWG) of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) revised their management guidelines in 2024, but there is currently no standardised tool to assess adherence to these recommendations.

Methods: We extracted key recommendations from the updated 2024 ISHAM-AWG guidelines, focusing on critical areas: screening and diagnosis of ABPA, managing acute and treatment-dependent ABPA, and monitoring treatment response.

Common single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review.

Background: Several genetic variants are associated with the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). These have not been systematically reviewed.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase and GWAS Catalog databases for studies indexed between inception and 15 January 2024 describing genetic variants associated with IPF susceptibility.

Dual Toxidrome of Anti-cholinergic Storm and Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Therapeutic Challenge Overcome by Intrathecal Neostigmine.

Anticholinergic toxicity and neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) are common toxidromes in medical emergencies. However, their co-occurrence, resulting in a dual toxidrome, is rare and presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We present the case of a 23-year-old young male with polysubstance dependence, admitted following combined trihexyphenidyl and risperidone toxicity.