Personalised prediction of maintenance dialysis initiation in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3-5: a multicentre study using the machine learning approach.

Background: Optimal timing for initiating maintenance dialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3-5 is challenging. This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model for early personalised prediction of maintenance dialysis initiation within 1-year and 3-year timeframes among patients with CKD stages 3-5.

Methods: Retrospective electronic health record data from the Taipei Medical University clinical research database were used.

The Role of Autophagy in Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease Management.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), or diabetic nephropathy (DN), is one of the most prevalent complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and causes severe burden on the general welfare of T2DM patients around the world. While several new agents have shown promise in treating this condition and potentially halting the progression of the disease, more work is needed to understand the complex regulatory network involved in the disorder. Recent studies have provided new insights into the connection between autophagy, a physiological metabolic process known to maintain cellular homeostasis, and the pathophysiological pathways of DKD.

podocytopathy following moderna COVID-19 vaccine: A case report and racial disproportionality in adverse effect reports.

In this study, we report a case of minimal change disease shortly after the second dose of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. A previously healthy 51-year-old Asian man presented with lower-limb edema and foamy urine 3 days after receiving the second dose of the vaccine. Laboratory data revealed the following: serum creatinine, 0.

Contact Laxative Use and the Risk of Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation Failure in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Multi-Center Cohort Study.

Laxatives are commonly prescribed for constipation management; however, they are recognized as an independent factor associated with cardiovascular diseases. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the closest to the ideal model of hemodialysis (HD) vascular access and part of the cardiovascular system. Our study aims to explore the association of contact laxative use with AVF maturation outcomes in patients undergoing HD.

Genetic insight into primary glomerulonephritis.

Primary glomerulonephritis is a major global health concern and a disorder with significant heritable components. Rapid advances in sequencing technologies have led to genome-wide, high-throughput investigations of the genetic basis of complex human traits. Genetic studies have successfully mapped several susceptibility loci and disease-causing genes for different subtypes of primary glomerulonephritis.

Allogeneic adipose tissue-derived stem cells ELIXCYTE in chronic kidney disease: A phase I study assessing safety and clinical feasibility.

The purpose of this phase I clinical trial is to assess the safety and tolerability of allogeneic adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. 12 eligible CKD patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 15-44 ml/min/1.73 m received one dose of intravenous allogeneic ADSCs (ELIXCYTE ), as 3 groups: 3 low dose (6.

Deletion of STAT3 from Foxd1 cell population protects mice from kidney fibrosis by inhibiting pericytes trans-differentiation and migration.

Signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key transcription factor implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis. Although Stat3 deletion in tubular epithelial cells is known to protect mice from fibrosis, vFoxd1 cells remains unclear. Using Foxd1-mediated Stat3 knockout mice, CRISPR, and inhibitors of STAT3, we investigate its function.

The Kidney-Related Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics on Human Kidney Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells HK-2 and Male C57BL/6 Mice.

Background: Understanding the epidemic of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology may be critical for health policies and public health responses. Recent studies have shown that microplastics (MPs) contaminate our food chain and accumulate in the gut, liver, kidney, muscle, and so on. Humans manufacture many plastics-related products.

Therapeutic Effect of Calcimimetics on Osteoclast-Osteoblast Crosslink in Chronic Kidney Disease and Mineral Bone Disease.

We have previously demonstrated calcimimetics optimize the balance between osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic mineralization through upregulating Wingless and int-1 (Wnt) signaling pathways in the mouse and cell model. Nonetheless, definitive human data are unavailable concerning therapeutic effects of Cinacalcet on chronic kidney disease and mineral bone disease (CKD-MBD) and osteoclast-osteoblast interaction. We aim to investigate whether Cinacalcet therapy improves bone mineral density (BMD) through optimizing osteocytic homeostasis in a human model.

Nicotine Causes Nephrotoxicity through the Induction of NLRP6 Inflammasome and Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor.

Current cigarette smoking is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or death from end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Mainstream cigarette smoke includes over 4000 compounds. Among the compounds present in tobacco smoke, nicotine is one of a large number of biologically stable and active compounds present in tobacco.

Lactoferrin Contributes a Renoprotective Effect in Acute Kidney Injury and Early Renal Fibrosis.

Patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) who survive the acute stage are at notable risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. There is no single therapy that can effectively prevent the AKI to CKD transition. Autophagy is a cytoplasmic component degradation pathway and has complex functions in several diseases, such as renal fibrosis.

Lactotransferrin Downregulation Drives the Metastatic Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the main type of RCC, which is the most common type of malignant kidney tumor in adults. A subpopulation (>30%) of ccRCC patients develop metastasis; however, the molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we found that LTF, the gene encoding lactotransferrin, is dramatically downregulated in primary tumors compared to normal tissues derived from ccRCC patients deposited in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and is a favorable prognostic marker.

Potent Impact of Plastic Nanomaterials and Micromaterials on the Food Chain and Human Health.

Plastic products are inexpensive, convenient, and are have many applications in daily life. We overuse plastic-related products and ineffectively recycle plastic that is difficult to degrade. Plastic debris can be fragmented into smaller pieces by many physical and chemical processes.

Promising therapeutic effect of thapsigargin nanoparticles on chronic kidney disease through the activation of Nrf2 and FoxO1.

Pathophysiological states cause misfolded protein accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Then, ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are activated. Targeting ER stress may enhance the adaptive UPR and then protect the cell against pathogenic environments.

Dysregulation of the miR-25-IMPA2 axis promotes metastatic progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: The molecular mechanism underlying clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) metastasis remains unclear. We therefore aimed to elucidate the role of IMPA2 in ccRCC metastatic progression.

Methods: Using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, we investigated differences in IMPA2 mRNA and protein expression, as well as their clinical relevance, in ccRCC.

High-level expression of ARID1A predicts a favourable outcome in triple-negative breast cancer patients receiving paclitaxel-based chemotherapy.

Paclitaxel-based chemotherapy is a common strategy to treat patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). As paclitaxel resistance is still a clinical issue in treating TNBCs, identifying molecular markers for predicting pathologic responses to paclitaxel treatment is thus urgently needed. Here, we report that an AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A) transcript is up-regulated in paclitaxel-sensitive TNBC cells but down-regulated in paclitaxel-resistant cells upon paclitaxel treatment.

Far-infrared protects vascular endothelial cells from advanced glycation end products-induced injury via PLZF-mediated autophagy in diabetic mice.

The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in diabetic patients induces vascular endothelial injury. Promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) is a transcription factor that can be activated by low-temperature far-infrared (FIR) irradiation to exert beneficial effects on the vascular endothelium. In the present study, we investigated the influence of FIR-induced PLZF activation on AGE-induced endothelial injury both in vitro and in vivo.

The role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in an increasing number of products, including rubber manufacture, cosmetics, pigments, food additives, medicine, chemical fibers and electronics. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ZnO NP nephrotoxicity remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the potential toxicity of ZnO NPs in kidney cells in vitro and in vivo.

Bone loss in chronic kidney disease: Quantity or quality?

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients experience bone loss and fracture because of a specific CKD-related systemic disorder known as CKD-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD). The bone turnover, mineralization, and volume (TMV) system describes the morphological bone lesions in renal osteodystrophy related to CKD-MBD. Bone turnover and bone volume are defined as high, normal, or low, and bone mineralization is classified as normal or abnormal.

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Protects Renal Tubular Cells from Gentamicin-Induced Apoptosis via Upregulating Na/H Exchanger NHE1.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α is a transcription factor that has been reported to inhibit gentamicin-induced apoptosis in renal tubular cells. However, the antiapoptotic mechanism of PPARα is still unknown. In this study, we found that PPARα overexpression induced Na/H exchanger-1 (NHE1) expression in the rat renal tubular cells NRK-52E.