Neural correlates of interoceptive fear in panic disorder: Abnormalities of gray matter volumes in the inferior parietal lobule and insula.

Background: Panic disorder (PD) may emerge from an exaggerated misinterpretation of interoception due to somatic hypervigilance and interoceptive sensitivity, which play pivotal roles in anxiety-related traits. This study sought to identify the neural correlates of interoceptive fear and their relationship with clinical symptomatology and physical functionality in patients with PD relative to healthy controls (HCs) employing brain structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: This study enrolled 226 right-handed participants comprising 133 PD patients and 93 HCs.

p53 Protein Stability Plays a Crucial Role in NaB-Mediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with factors such as an unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, obesity, diabetes, and chronic inflammatory conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as well as mutations, which are observed in a broad spectrum of CRC. Additionally, alteration in the composition of the gut microbiome community and metabolism plays a significant role in the development of colorectal cancer and its therapeutic effects. It is well known that treatment with sodium butyrate (NaB), an intestinal microbial metabolite, can induce apoptosis by activating histone deacetylase (HDAC) in cancer cells.

The sex-different effect of oxytocin receptor gene methylation on cerebral gray matter structures and clinical symptoms in Korean patients with panic disorder.

Background: Panic disorder (PD) is sexually dimorphic in its clinical manifestation, possibly due to differences in brain processing of fear and anxiety. Given oxytocin's role in socio-emotional regulation, epigenetic alterations in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) constitute one possible mechanism underlying sexual dimorphism in PD. We investigated the sex difference in cerebral gray matter volume (GMV) and its association with OXTR methylation in PD patients.

Mimulone-induced Apoptosis through the Extrinsic Pathway and ERK Inactivation in Human Hepatoma Hep3B Cells.

This study investigates the anticancer effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of Mimulone on human hepatoma Hep3B cells. Mimulone was found to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in Hep3B cells, as demonstrated by annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate staining and flow cytometry analyses. Western blot analysis revealed that Mimulone treatment decreased the levels of procaspase-3 and PARP, while increasing the levels of cleaved caspase-3, -8, PARP, Fas, FasL, and FADD.

Association of plant-based diets with subclinical cardiovascular disease in U.S. adults, 1999-2004.

Background: Dietary patterns currently recommended for cardiovascular health often emphasize the consumption of plant foods.

Methods: We included 7,708 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 aged ≥20 years who were not pregnant and did not have a self-reported history of cardiovascular disease. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall.

Influences of early sexual trauma on brain structural connectome in panic disorder and their relationship with short- and long-term treatment responses.

Background: Early traumatic experiences, particularly early sexual trauma (EST), are associated with panic disorder (PD). Using connectome-based analyses of diffusion tensor imaging, we examined the effects of EST on the brain structural networks and the associations with symptom severity and short- and long-term treatment responses in patients with PD compared to healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: 188 participants (82 PD patients and 106 HCs) were enrolled.

Ultra-processed foods, plant and animal sources, and all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality in older adults in the United States: results from the Cardiovascular Health Study.

Background: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is associated with adverse health outcomes. Plant- and animal-sourced UPFs have a unique nutritional composition to improve palatability, which may impact health, but evidence is limited.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between UPF intake, plant- and animal-sourced UPF, and mortality outcomes in older adults.

Cortical gyrification patterns associated with neuroticism in panic disorder and healthy individuals.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated an association between neuroticism and alterations in cortical folding. However, few studies have investigated the relation between neuroticism and gyrification in panic disorder (PD) patients and healthy controls (HC).

Methods: This study included 102 PD patients and 128 HC.

Menstrual disturbance associated with COVID-19 vaccines: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The relationship between COVID-19 vaccines and menstrual disturbance is unclear, in part because researchers have measured different outcomes (e.g., delays vs.

Plant-Based Diets and Cardiovascular Events: A Proteomics Approach to Examine the Underlying Pathways.

Background: Plant-based diets are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Proteomics may improve our understanding of the biological pathways underlying these associations.

Objectives: Using large-scale proteomics, we aimed to examine if plant-based diet-related proteins, which have been previously identified, are associated with incident CVD and subtypes of CVD in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study and Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Offspring cohort.

Dimeric PTH(1-34) activates the parathyroid hormone-1 receptor in vitro and stimulates bone formation in osteoporotic female mice.

Osteoporosis, characterized by reduced bone density and strength, increases fracture risk, pain, and limits mobility. Established therapies of parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogs effectively promote bone formation and reduce fractures in severe osteoporosis, but their use is limited by potential adverse effects. In the pursuit of safer osteoporosis treatments, we investigated PTH, a PTH variant wherein the native arginine at position 25 is substituted by cysteine.

Plasma Proteins Associated with the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet and Incident Dementia.

Background: The Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet slows cognitive decline and protects brain health, but the mechanisms are poorly understood.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the plasma proteins associated with the MIND diet score and their ability to predict incident dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study.

Methods: We analyzed 10,230 Black and White participants at visit 3 (1993-1995) with food frequency questionnaire and proteomics data and randomly divided them into discovery (n = 6850) and replication (n = 3380) samples.

The Association of Nativity and Time in the United States on Added Sugar Consumption.

Background: Diets high in added sugar are associated with adverse health conditions. Immigrants may have different added sugar intake than nonimmigrants, which may contribute to differential health outcomes.

Objectives: We examined ) the cross-sectional association between added sugar intake and nativity and time in the United States and ) prospective association between added sugar intake and all-cause mortality by nativity.

The Involvement of RIPK1 in Alopecia Areata.

We have previously demonstrated that receptor-interacting serine threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) is expressed in hair follicles and regulates the hair cycle. In a mouse model, RIPK1 inhibitors also accelerated the telogen-to-anagen transition and elongated the anagen period. Here, we first investigated the involvement of RIPK1 in alopecia areata (AA).

Insights from omics research on plant-based diets and cardiometabolic health.

Plant-based diets emphasize higher intake of plant foods and are low in animal products. Individuals following plant-based diets have a lower risk of chronic conditions; however, the mechanisms underlying these associations are not completely understood. Omics data have opened opportunities to investigate the mechanistic effect of dietary intake on health outcomes.

Novel Dietary Inflammatory Score and Risk of Incident CKD.

Key Points: Inflammation is relevant for CKD. Dietary intake influences inflammation. In 9814 individuals, our study found that concordance to a proinflammatory diet was associated with greater risk of CKD.

Phospholipase C β4 promotes RANKL-dependent osteoclastogenesis by interacting with MKK3 and p38 MAPK.

Phospholipase C β (PLCβ) is involved in diverse biological processes, including inflammatory responses and neurogenesis; however, its role in bone cell function is largely unknown. Among the PLCβ isoforms (β1-β4), we found that PLCβ4 was the most highly upregulated during osteoclastogenesis. Here we used global knockout and osteoclast lineage-specific PLCβ4 conditional knockout (LysM-PLCβ4) mice as subjects and demonstrated that PLCβ4 is a crucial regulator of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation.

Chloroform Extract from Fermented Regulates LPS-Induced Inflammation Response in RAW 264.7 Cells by Inhibiting iNOS and COX-2.

Inflammatory is a crucial part of the immune system of body protect it from harmful invaders, such as bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances. In this study, the effects of chloroform extract of fermented (CEFV) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophages were investigated.

Functional Analysis of KPvRxLR27, a Novel Plasmopara viticola Effector from a Korean Isolate, and Its Role in Hypersensitive Response.

Plasmopara viticola causes grape downy mildew, one of the most notorious diseases of cultivated grapes that damage vineyards worldwide. The pathogen secretes various effector molecules to infect and modulate the host biological processes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the roles of KPvRxLR27, an arginine-any amino acid-leucine-arginine (RxLR) effector isolated from P.

Comparison of cortical gyrification patterns in patients with panic disorder with and without comorbid generalized anxiety disorder.

Background: Lower functioning and higher symptom severity are observed when panic disorder (PD) co-occurs with generalized anxiety disorder (PD + GAD). No research on cortical gyrification patterns in the PD + GAD group has been conducted to date, which could show the alterations in brain connectivity in the extended fear network (EFN). This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of cortical gyrification in the PD + GAD group, compared to that in the PD without comorbid GAD (PD-GAD) group.

Protein Biomarkers of Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease, Chronic Kidney Disease, and All-Cause Mortality.

Background: There is a need to understand the underlying biological mechanisms through which ultra-processed foods negatively affect health. Proteomics offers a valuable tool with which to examine different aspects of ultra-processed foods and their impact on health.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify protein biomarkers of usual ultra-processed food consumption and assess their relation to the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and all-cause mortality risk.

Serum protein responses to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and DASH-Sodium trials and associations with blood pressure changes.

Objectives: The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet reduces blood pressure, but the mechanisms underlying DASH diet-blood pressure relations are not well understood. Proteomic measures may provide insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms through which the DASH diet reduces blood pressure.

Methods: The DASH (1994-1996) and DASH-Sodium (1997-1999) trials were multicenter, randomized-controlled feeding trials.

Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Risk of Incident Hypertension in US Middle-Aged Adults.

Background: Consumption of ultra-processed food, which is manufactured food that is high in additives and sparse in intact foods, is adversely associated with cardiovascular health, primarily in non-US study populations. We aimed to estimate the association between ultra-processed food consumption and incident hypertension in middle-aged adults in the United States.

Methods And Results: We included 8923 ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study participants who were hypertension free at baseline and had complete dietary, covariate, and hypertension data from visit 1 (1987-1989).

Predicting treatment outcomes in patients with panic disorder: Cross-sectional and two-year longitudinal structural connectome analysis using machine learning methods.

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between structural brain networks and long-term treatment outcomes in patients with panic disorder (PD) using machine learning methods.

Method: The study involved 80 participants (53 PD patients and 27 healthy controls) and included clinical assessments and MRI scans at baseline and after two years (160 MRIs). Patients were categorized based on their response to two-year pharmacotherapy.