Publications by authors named "Hyung-Joon Yim"
Besifovir dipivoxil maleate (BSV) has potent antiviral efficacy against chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study investigated the efficacy of BSV in reducing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development compared to other antiviral therapy (AVT) agents. We conducted a retrospective cohort study on treatment-naïve patients with CHB who initiated an AVT between 2017 and 2022 with BSV (n = 486), entecavir (ETV) (n = 852), tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) (n = 801), or tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate (TDF) (n = 750).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignal changes after high dose irradiation on MRI make it difficult to assess the therapeutic response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To overcome the limitation of imaging work-up, our study predicted clinical outcomes through tumor marker dynamics in HCC after external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). As a single-center retrospective study, those who underwent conventional fractionated EBRT for viable HCC from 2010 to 2021 were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aims: Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are highly effective in treating hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The long-term hepatic and extrahepatic outcomes of DAAs in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients receiving curative antivirals are elusive.
Methods: CHC patients were retrieved from two phase III sofosbuvir-based clinical trials conducted from 2013-2014.
Entecavir (ETV) may have limited antiviral efficacy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with a high baseline viral load, especially in cases of partial virologic response (PVR). This study evaluated the outcomes of prolonged ETV monotherapy, given the lack of clear evidence favoring continuation or combination therapy in such scenarios. We included 188 treatment-naïve patients on ETV 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aims: Acute decompensation (AD) is defined as the development of complications related to portal hypertension and liver dysfunction that affect the progression of chronic liver disease (CLD) or liver cirrhosis (LC). Variations exist in patient demographics and prognostic outcomes of AD based on the aetiology of CLD, encompassing LC. However, limited research has been conducted to analyse these discrepancies across aetiologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aims: Besifovir (BSV) showed comparable antiviral activity and superior safety profiles to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, no data are available regarding the antiviral efficacy and safety of BSV in patients with CHB who switched from long-term TDF to BSV. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of a 48-week BSV therapy in patients with CHB who switched from long-term TDF treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction And Objectives: The short-term mortality of severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (SAH) is high, but there are no effective treatments to improve short-term mortality other than corticosteroids. This study investigated the effects of adding rifaximin to standard treatment in patients with SAH.
Material And Methods: In this randomized controlled open-label trial, patients with SAH (Maddrey's discriminant function≥32) were randomized to the rifaximin or control group.
Baveno VII criteria (B7C) and Baveno VI criteria (B6C) have been widely used to estimate the risk of hepatic decompensation. However, the impact of age on these criteria warrants further investigation. The international, multicenter cohort study included 1138 patients with compensated cirrhosis (median follow-up of 40.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: Bepirovirsen, an antisense oligonucleotide, induces sustained reductions in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV DNA to below the lower limit of quantification (
Methods: In this phase IIb, multicentre, open-label trial, participants on stable nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy were randomised 1:1 to bepirovirsen 300 mg once weekly (plus loading dose on Days 4 and 11) for 24 (Arm 1) or 12 (Arm 2) weeks followed by Peg-IFN 180 μg once weekly for up to 24 weeks, with up to 36 weeks follow-up.
Article Synopsis
- A study explored the unclear relationship between diabetes and clinical outcomes in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis by analyzing data from 965 patients admitted due to acute decompensation from 2015 to 2019.* -
- Results showed that 23.6% of participants had diabetes, which correlated with increased risks for complications like hepatic encephalopathy and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Notably, the incidence of death or liver transplantation was higher among diabetic patients.* -
- The findings concluded that diabetes significantly increases the risk of death or liver transplantation in these patients, leading to poorer health outcomes over time.*
Backgrounds/aims: Non-invasive models stratifying clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) are limited. Herein, we developed a new non-invasive model for predicting CSPH in patients with compensated cirrhosis and investigated whether carvedilol can prevent hepatic decompensation in patients with high-risk CSPH stratified using the new model.
Methods: Non-invasive risk factors of CSPH were identified via systematic review and meta-analysis of studies involving patients with hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG).
Article Synopsis
- * 204 patients were randomly assigned to either OPT or TPT, with quality indicators and procedure tolerability measured, including adenoma detection rates and pain scores.
- * Results showed that while adenoma detection rates were similar, TPT patients reported less pain and endoscopists experienced less fatigue, indicating TPT could enhance patient comfort and provider conditions without sacrificing performance.
Background: It is unclear whether direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) treatment improves the disease burden in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DAA treatment on the reduction of disease burden in patients with HCV infection using individual participant data.
Methods: This nationwide multicentre retrospective cohort study recruited patients with HCV infection from 29 tertiary institutions in South Korea.
Validation of MELD 3.0 in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis using prospective KACLiF cohort.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol
September 2024
Background And Aim: The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) is a reliable prognostic tool for short-term outcome prediction in patients with end-stage liver disease. MELD 3.0 was introduced to enhance the predictive accuracy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Probiotics in Stress-Associated Constipation Model in Zebrafish () Larvae.
Int J Mol Sci
March 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study explores how environmental stress, specifically continuous light exposure, impacts gut function and causes stress-induced constipation in zebrafish larvae.
- Researchers found that prolonged light exposure led to increased cortisol levels, reduced intestinal motility, and heightened inflammation, establishing a model for stress-induced constipation.
- Probiotics were shown to effectively alleviate these symptoms by lowering cortisol levels, reducing inflammation, and restoring gut motility, emphasizing their potential role in managing gut health under stress.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated a modified version of the quick sequential organ failure assessment (m-qSOFA) to identify high-risk patients with deteriorating chronic liver disease, particularly those with acute-on-chronic liver failure.
- Patients with a high m-qSOFA score had significantly lower transplant-free survival rates and higher organ failure development compared to those with low scores across two different cohorts.
- The findings suggest that both initial m-qSOFA scores and changes over time can help predict the risk of organ failure and short-term mortality in patients with acute deterioration of liver disease.
No information is available regarding the influence of besifovir (BSV), a new nucleotide analogue, on the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study evaluated the reduced risk of HCC in patients undergoing BSV treatment. A total of 188 patients with CHB were treated with BSV for up to 8 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aims: : Besifovir dipivoxil maleate (BSV) and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) have been recently approved in Korea as the initial antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, the real-world outcome data for these drugs remain limited. Therefore, we conducted a noninferiority analysis using real-world data to compare the clinical outcomes of the two nucleotide analogs in treatment-naïve patients with CHB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Clinical Courses and Prognosis of Cirrhotic Patients after First Acute Decompensation: Prospective Cohort Study.
Diagnostics (Basel)
December 2023
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on the prognosis of cirrhotic patients following their first acute decompensation (AD) episode, categorizing outcomes into four groups: stable decompensated cirrhosis (SDC), unstable decompensated cirrhosis (UDC), pre acute-on-chronic liver failure (pre ACLF), and ACLF.
- The research involved a cohort of 746 patients and identified risk factors for readmission after AD, revealing that pre ACLF has a worse prognosis than ACLF despite occurring later.
- Factors such as non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy significantly increase readmission risk, with viral causes linked to poorer outcomes compared to alcohol-related cases.
Background & Aims: Few studies have investigated the prognosis of patients with non-severe alcoholic hepatitis (Non-SAH). The study aimed to develop a new prognostic model for patients with especially Non-SAH.
Methods: We extracted 316 hospitalized patients with alcoholic cirrhosis without severe alcoholic hepatitis, defined as Maddrey's discriminant function score lower than 32, from the retrospective Korean Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (KACLiF) cohort to develop a new prognostic model (training set), and validated it in 419 patients from the prospective KACLiF cohort (validation set).
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the effectiveness of abdominal ultrasonography (USG) as a screening tool for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk groups in South Korea.
- Data was gathered from 8,512 USG examinations conducted by experienced hepatologists and radiologists in 2017, showing a very low HCC detection rate of only 0.3%.
- Findings suggest that patient-related factors like age and liver condition significantly impact HCC detection rates, highlighting the need for improved quality measures in USG procedures.
Article Synopsis
- * Findings revealed low incidence rates for HBV and HCV but concerningly low linkage-to-care and treatment rates, which fell below WHO targets, indicating significant gaps in the healthcare response to these infections.
- * The conclusion emphasizes the need for a comprehensive national strategy to improve hepatitis care in South Korea, as many current indicators do not meet WHO elimination criteria.