Novel oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-3-one derivatives with NO inhibitory and cytotoxic activities, and xanthone derivatives from the endolichenic fungus Exophiala sp.

Eight new compounds (1-8) featuring an unusual oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-3-one moiety, along with three new xanthone-type compounds (11-13), were isolated from the culture extracts of the endolichenic fungus Exophiala sp.

Exploring the bioactive landscape: peptides and non-peptides from the human microbiota.

The human microbiota, consisting of trillions of bacteria from six main phyla, produces peptide and non-peptide secondary metabolites which have antibacterial properties vital to medicine and biotechnology. These metabolites influence biological processes linked to diseases, yet much remains unknown. This review explores their structures and functions, aiming to spur novel metabolite discovery and advance drug development.

A conserved terpene cyclase gene in Sanghuangporus for abscisic acid-related sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis.

Background: The medicinal mushroom Sanghuangporus is renowned in East Asia for its potent therapeutic properties, attributed in part to its bioactive sesquiterpenoids. However, despite their recognized medicinal potential, the biosynthetic pathways and specific enzymes responsible for sesquiterpenoid production in Sanghuangporus remain unexplored, limiting opportunities to optimize their medicinal applications.

Results: Sesquiterpenoids from four Sanghuangporus species were extracted through targeted isolation using mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics, resulting in the discovery of six known abscisic acid-related compounds and one new compound, whose structure was determined through spectroscopic and computational analysis.