Enhanced dose prediction for head and neck cancer artificial intelligence-driven radiotherapy based on transfer learning with limited training data.

Purpose: Training deep learning dose prediction models for the latest cutting-edge radiotherapy techniques, such as AI-based nodal radiotherapy (AINRT) and Daily Adaptive AI-based nodal radiotherapy (DA-AINRT), is challenging due to limited data. This study aims to investigate the impact of transfer learning on the predictive performance of an existing clinical dose prediction model and its potential to enhance emerging radiotherapy approaches for head and neck cancer patients.

Method: We evaluated the impact and benefits of transfer learning by fine-tuning a Hierarchically Densely Connected U-net on both AINRT and DA-AINRT patient datasets, creating Model (Study 1) and Model (Study 2).

Assessing population-based to personalized planning strategies for head and neck adaptive radiotherapy.

Purpose: Optimal head-and-neck cancer (HNC) treatment planning requires accurate and feasible planning goals to meet dosimetric constraints and generate robust online adaptive treatment plans. A new x-ray-based adaptive radiotherapy (ART) treatment planning system (TPS) version 2.0 emulator includes novel methods to drive the planning process including the revised intelligent optimization engine algorithm (IOE2).

Lycorine inhibits migration and proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by reducing transketonase expression.

Previous studies have showed that lycorine can restrain the development of multiple tumor types, containing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We assessed the impact of lycorine on hepatocellular cancer cell proliferation, migration, colony formation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. The possible inhibitory effect of lycorine on the activity of HCC cells was analyzed by RNA-seq, and transketolase () expression in HCC and nontumorous tissues was detected using RT-PCR.

Hypoxic Tumor-Derived Exosomal miR-199a-3p Promote Gastric Cancer Metastasis via MAP3K4.

Proximal gastrectomy is more frequently recommended for early upper gastric cancer and Siewert II gastroesophageal junction cancer less than 4 cm in length. After proximal gastrectomy, the anatomical structure of the gastroesophageal junction can be destroyed, and the anti-reflux effect of the cardia is lost. In recent years, as various anti-reflux reconstructions have been developed, some functions of the stomach are retained, and serious reflux esophagitis is avoided after proximal gastrectomy.

The Functional Role of LncRNA UCA1 in Pancreatic Cancer: a mini-review.

Pancreatic cancer (PaC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5% and high mortality rate in the world. LncRNAs have been showed to possess multiple biological functions in growth, differentiation, and proliferation, which play an important role in different biological processes and diseases, especially in the development of tumors. LncRNA UCA1, which is firstly identified in human bladder cancer, has been showed to be a tumor promoter in pancreatic cancer.

The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in digestive system malignancy.

Digestive system malignancies, the most common types of cancer and a major cause of death in the worldwide, are generally characterized by high morbidity, insidious symptoms and poor prognosis. NLRP3 inflammasome, the most studied inflammasome member, is considered to be crucial in tumorigenesis. In this paper, we reviewed its pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic properties in different types of digestive system malignancy depending on the types of cells, tissues and organs involved, which would provide promising avenue for exploring new anti-cancer therapies.

ZNF521 Is Correlated with Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration and Act as a Valuable Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer.

Aim: To explore the correlations between the expression of zinc finger protein 521 (ZNF521) with immune invasion and prognosis of gastric cancer.

Methods: Expression of ZNF521 was examined by immunohistochemistry in gastric cancer cases. Kaplan-Meier plotter was used to determine the relationships between ZNF521 and prognosis.

Understanding reviewer characteristics in online reviews via network structural positions.

With the prevalence of online review websites, understanding online reviewer characteristics has become important, as such an understanding provides brand managers with opportunities to segment their markets, target influencers, and develop effective marketing strategies. Nonetheless, past studies have overlooked the role of network structural positions in the characteristics of online reviewers. Accordingly, using data from Yelp websites as samples, this study attempted to explore the differences in reviewer characteristics by network structural positions.

Clean water generation through a multifunctional activated carbon-TiO interfacial solar distillation system.

Solar distillation is emerging as an environmentally friendly and energy-effective technology for clean water generation. However, bulk water heating and the possibly complex composition of water matrices of source water could undermine the system efficacy. In this study, an interfacial evaporation device consisting of activated carbon combined with P25 TiO as the top layer and polyethylene foam as the bottom layer (AC-P25/foam device) was established.

Photoaged polystyrene microplastics serve as photosensitizers that enhance cimetidine photolysis in an aqueous environment.

Microplastics (MPs) have received much attention in recent years because of their continuous photoaging process in aquatic environments. However, little research has been conducted on the photochemistry of aged microplastics and the associated effects on coexisting pharmaceuticals. This study investigated the photodegradation of cimetidine via aged polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) with different aging times (0-7 d) under simulated sunlight irradiation (700 W/m).

VSNL1 Promotes Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration by Regulating P2X3/P2Y2 Receptors and Is a Clinical Indicator of Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer Patients.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Visinin Like 1 (VSNL1) in the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer (GC) cells as well as its clinical prognostic significance.

Methods: To this end, we evaluated VSNL1 expression in GC tissues and cell lines by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. To further explore the effects of VSNL1, a lentiviral vector expressing a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against VSNL1 was constructed and transduced into the GC cell lines BGC-823 and SGC-7901.

Effects of a single bout of short-duration high-intensity and long-duration low-intensity exercise on insulin resistance and adiponectin/leptin ratio.

Objectives: Moderate-intensity exercise improves insulin sensitivity, which may depend on the intensity, duration, and frequency of exercise. We examined the effects of a single bout of short-duration high-intensity exercise (HIE) and long-duration lowintensity exercise (LIE) on insulin sensitivity and the adiponectin/leptin ratio in individuals with different body mass indices (BMIs) who do not exercise regularly.

Methods: We enrolled 42 healthy volunteers aged 20-64 years and divided them into two groups based on BMI: BMI <24 kg/m and BMI ≥27 kg/m.

Expression and Clinical Significance of MMP-28 in Bladder Cancer.

Aims: The aim of this study to determine the expression of MMP-28 in bladder urothelial carcinoma and to analyze the correlation between MMP-28 and the clinicopathological characteristics of human bladder carcinoma, and its relationship with patient prognosis.

Methods: A total of 491 surgically resected bladder cancer samples and 80 normal tissue adjacent to the tumor were stained by immunohistochemistry. The expression of MMP-28 in these samples was quantitated, and the value of MMP-28 as a marker of bladder cancer and prognosis was assessed.

High expression of FOXO3 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

The role of forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) as a tumor suppressor gene and its association with the human lifespan is well documented. However, several studies have indicated that high expression of FOXO3 is also significantly associated with tumorigenesis. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical significance of FOXO3 in the development and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Decreased DC-SIGNR expression in hepatocellular carcinoma predicts poor patient prognosis.

Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-grabbing non-integrin-related protein (DC-SIGNR) is a transmembrane receptor primarily involved in pathogen recognition by the innate immune system, with particular importance for viral recognition. DC-SIGNR may also be associated with tumorigenesis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between DC-SIGNR expression, development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and clinicopathological features.

miR-199a-3p targets ETNK1 to promote invasion and migration in gastric cancer cells and is associated with poor prognosis.

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic significance of miR-199a-3p and its role in invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer.

Methods: miR-199a-3p expression in 436 formalin-fixed and 39 frozen gastric cancer tissues was investigated by in situ hybridization and RT-PCR, respectively. The role of miR-199a-3p in the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells was determined in overexpression and inhibitor studies using transwell assays and the SGC-7901, BGC-823 and MGC-803 gastric cancer cells lines.

Decreased CRHBP expression is predictive of poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Corticotropin releasing hormone binding protein (CRHBP) mediates the reaction between corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and corticotropin releasing hormone receptors (CRHRs). It is expressed in a number of organs, and the expression of CRHBP is associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression. The aim of the present study was to investigate CRHBP expression levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its association with patient clinicopathological characteristics as well as prognosis.

CAP2 is a Valuable Biomarker for Diagnosis and Prognostic in Patients with Gastric Cancer.

Cyclase-associated protein 2 (CAP2) protein is reported to be upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), human breast cancer, and malignant melanoma. However, its expression in gastric cancer remains unknown, this study was to investigate CAP2 expression and its prognostic significance in gastric cancer. Firstly, we analyzed the Oncomine databases to compare CAP2 mRNA expression in gastric cancer and normal tissues.

Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) in gastric cancer tissues is positively associated with poorer prognosis.

Background: The present study examined the clinical significance of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) in the progression and patient survival of gastric cancer.

Methods: Paraffin-embedded resected tissues of gastric cancer mucosa (n = 436) and adjacent normal mucosa (n = 92) were assessed immunohistochemically for MTA1 protein, and scored according to the percentage of cells positively stained for MTA1 combined with stain intensity. Associations between MTA1 staining scores and clinicopathological factors, including survival time, were evaluated.

Decreased expression of PTH1R is a poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aim: Hypercalcemia is a potentially fatal and not rare complication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the most important regulator of the concentrations of calcium and phosphate in blood; parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) was the most frequent cause of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy; parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R) is the common receptor for PTH and PTHrP. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of PTH, PTHrP, and PTH1R in HCC tissues, and their relationship with clinical pathological characters in HCC.

FAT2 is a novel independent prognostic factor for the poor prognosis of gastric carcinoma.

Background: This study investigated the clinical implication of FAT2 in the progression, metastasis, and prognosis of gastric cancer.

Methods: The expression of FAT2 in 436 clinicopathologically characterized gastric cancer cases and 92 control human non-tumor mucosa were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Consequently, survival analysis was conducted to investigate the association of FAT2 expression and the development of gastric cancers.